Ukufanisa igama layo - i-apula ende "i-Hero"

Namuhla kunenqwaba enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo zama-apula, ahluke komunye nomunye hhayi umbala nomumo kuphela, kodwa futhi futhi iphunga nokunambitheka.

Omunye ukhetha izinhlobo ezinhle, othile uthanda ama-apula ngobunzima, futhi kukhona nalabo abathanda izithelo ezimuncu.

Phakathi kokuhlukahluka okukhulu kungahlukaniswa kahle. apula ezihlukahlukene Bogatyr, incazelo kanye nezithombe zomuthi nezithelo, kanye nevidiyo ewusizo ngale ndaba - kamuva kusihloko.

Uhlobo luni?

Lokhu kuhluka kungokwabameli bekhaya le-apple futhi ubusika sekwephuzile izinhlobo, okungukuthi, ama-apula avuthiwe angagcinwa ngokuphelele kuze kube phakathi kwentwasahlobo.

Ama-apula we-Bogatyr angagcinwa izinyanga ezingu-8-9, ngenkathi egcina ukuhweba ngo-90-91% (60-62% - okushiwo amamaki okuqala nokuphezulu).

Ukusetshenziswa kungenzeka ukuthi kokubili kusetshenziswe futhi kusetshenziswe (amajamu, amajusi).

Izinhlobo ze-apula zasebusika nazo zihlanganisa: Bryansk Golden, Vityaz, Isetskoe kamuva, i-Present Grafsky ne-Spartan.

Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Bogatyr

Cabanga ngokwehlukana ukubonakala kwe-apula nezithelo.

Apple Tree Bogatyr ubude, ngomqhele ungavamile futhi uhamba. Ukuhluleka komqhele kuvumela ukukhanya kwelanga ukukhanyisa ama-apula ngaphakathi.

Emagatsheni kukhona amaqabunga ombala ohlaza obomvu obumnyama obomvu.

Amagatsha aphansi anamandla amakhulu kakhulu ngegxolo le-hue elibomvu. Indawo yala magatsha cishe i-perpendicular to the trunk ye-apula.

Amagatsha, atholakala kancane kakhulu, angama-degree angu-45 ahlobene nesiqu.

Izimbali zivela ezincane zezimbali eziphahleni zombala omhlophe ophuzi, okwesokunene kwawo kunomshana wokungafani. Izinhlamba zezimbali zitholakala cishe ngo-3 mm ngaphezu kwe-anthers.

Ama-apula isakhiwo esiyindilinga esinezicucu ezinezici eziningi, uye wabiza imiphetho futhi ubuso obushelelezi. Ziluhlobo olufanayo.

Ekukhishwe, ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embala kodwa zishintsha umbala ziphuzi ngesikhathi sokugcina.

Ngezithelo ezikhulayo ohlangothini olusenyakatho lwe-apula, kukhona uboya obomvu ngemivimbo.

Inyama yama-apula ibuthakathaka, ilukhuni, ilukhuni ngezinhlamvu ezincane.

Ukudla sweet sweet and omuncu, iphunga elimnandi. Isisindo se-fetus esiphezulu sifinyelela 200 g, enkulu kunayo yonke - 400 g

Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zinambitha efanayo: Malt Bagaevsky, Nastya, Molodezhny, Orlovskoye Polesye noYantar.

Ukwakhiwa kwama-chemical:

Isithombe

Umlando wokuzala

I-bogatyr iyi-apula (isithombe esisanda kusibona) i-hybride, futhi itholwe ngenqubo yokuwela izinhlobo ezimbili: I-Ranetta Landsberg futhi Antonovka Ordinary.

"Ukuzalwa" kwalokhu kuhluka kwenzeka kwi-All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants okuthiwa emva I. V. Michurin, noSF Chernenko kubhekwa ngokuthi "ubaba" kaB Bogatyr.

Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo

Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula Bogatyr zithandwa kakhulu Izindawo ezisemaphandleni nasezindaweni zaseNyakatho-West zaseRussia.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-Bogatyr iyinhlobonhlobo yama-apula ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu esibandayingakho yena okungafanelekile ukulima endaweni yama-Urals naseMpumalanga Ekude.

Futhi emgwaqeni ophakathi ebusika, kubalulekile ukufeza umqhele womqhele, ukuhlinzeka lokhu futhi kuvikela i-trunk kusuka kumagundane.

Ukutshala kulezi zindawo kukhona izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu: uMelba, idared, i-Antonovka dessert, i-Gala ne-Golden Delicious.

Ukuthela

I-bogatyr ihlukaniswa ngokuchichima, i-fruiting yonyaka, okuyinto iqala eminyakeni engu-6-7 emva kokuhluma. Ngesinye isihlahla somuthi Iminyaka engu-9-13 isivuno sifike ku-55-60 kgkusukela eminyakeni yobudala 11-16 ubudala - 75-80 kg.

Ukuqaphela wonke amasu agrotechnical, isivuno anganikeza imiphumela ephezulu - 130 kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa. Ukuvuna kusuka e-apula kungaba njalo ngonyaka.

Ukukhula komthengi kwenzeka phakathi no-Disemba. Kuleli qophelo, udinga ukukhokha ngokukhethekile, ngoba ama-apula ahlukahlukene e-Bogatyr, adutshulwa ekuseni, agcinwa kakhulu nakakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izithelo zihlanganiswe ngokuqinile emigodini ngokushesha ngaphambi kokususwa, okwandisa ukubaluleka kokuvuna ngesikhathi.

Izithelo ezinhle kakhulu ziboniswa yizinhlobo zama-apula ezilandelayo: i-Shtriepel, i-Aloe Vera, i-Veteran, i-Kuibyshev ne-Winter Beauty.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Njengazo zonke izihlahla ze-apula, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Bogatyr zinemfuno zomhlabathi kanye namanyolo; uzothola incazelo ngezansi.

Ukutshala isihlahla kungenziwa kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kuze kuqala ukushisa kwezulu.

Uma ugoba umgodi we-seedling, kudingeke ukhumbule ukuthi phansi kwawo kuzothathwa umxube wamanyolo.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukujula komgodi ovuliwe kufanele kufinyelele 75-85 cm, nobubanzi budlula u-100 cm.

Uma ukutshala kuhlelwe ukuwa, khona-ke umgodi kufanele ulungiswe izinsuku ezingu- 30-60 ngaphambi kosuku olulindelekile, uma selitshalwe entwasahlobo, umgodi kufanele ulungele ukuwa.

Uma utshalwa isithombo, kubalulekile ukucabangela imininingwane ethile yomhlabathi nokujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, uma amanzi angasondeza izimpande, angabhubhisa isitshalo.

Ukuze ugweme le nkathazo, kunconywa ukumba umgudu wokudla kwamanzi amaningi. Ungakhetha isihlalo esikhwameni noma entabeni.

Ukukhetha isihlalo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi inhlabathi e-loamy ifanelekile ku-Athlete. Ngakho-ke, ukhetha inketho ekahle, eminyakeni yokuqala yokukhula komuthi kudingeka ikhule umhlabathi.

Uma inhlabathi icebile kakhulu ebumbeni, udinga ukungeza ingxube yomquba, isihlabathi somfula kanye ne-peat. Le "cocktail" izohlinzeka izimpande insimu nge oksijini.

Inani elikhulayo lomquba, i-humus ne-peat lisetshenziselwa ukukhetha inhlabathi enhlabathini.

Ngenxa yobude bezinhlobonhlobo ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla kufanele lifinyelele ku-4.5-5 mokuzokwenza amagatsha akhululeke ukukhula, hhayi ukunamathela emagatsheni ezihlahla ezizungezile.

Okwamanje, izihlahla zincane kakhulu, isikhala samahhala phakathi kwazo singatshala ngemifino enezimpande ezingajulile (ama-radishes, iklabishi, i-legumes).

Akunconywa, noma kunjalo, ukutshala i-sunflower noma ummbila, njengoba behlangana nezihlahla ze-apple zomsoco.

Umgodlana omncane, ubude bamamitha ayi-1, kufanele ugube nxazonke zomuthi we-apula.

Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile okusaqala kwentwasahlobo emagatsheni wokugaya. Lapha sikhuluma ngamagatsha amadala futhi awonakele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukunciphisa wonke amanye amagatsha.

Ukupakisha kunconywe engxenyeni yesibili yentwasahlobo, isibalo esingafanele sidlule ezimbili.

Ukuze uzuze imiphumela emihle ekulawuleni izinambuzane, ukuchithwa kokuqala kumele kwenziwe ngaphezulu ngaphambi kwephuphuphuka noma ngesikhathi sokuphumula.

Kubalulekile lapha ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya alikho ngaphansi kwamazinga e-zero. Isikhathi sesibili udinga ukufiphaza ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwamafihledi.

Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokudla umuthi we-apula. Ngalokhu ungasebenzisa i-saltpeter ne-urea.

Ukukhula komuthi omuhle, ukusetshenziswa kuyadingeka. isisombululo se-boric acid ne-sulphate yethusi.

Isihlahla se-apple esiphundu iB Bogatyr sidinga umanyolo nge nitrogen.

Kubalulekile! Ehlobo, umgodi owumbumbwe emthini usebenza njengendawo yokunisela njalo.

Ngo-September-Okthoba, ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk kufanele ihlanjululwe.lokho kuzovikela i-apula ezifweni nasezinambuzane.

Ekupheleni kwekwindla (nge-frost yokuqala), inhlabathi kufanele ikhule. ezungeze isihlahla sama-apula. Kubalulekile ukwenza lokhu phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukuze kungabangeli ukukhula kwesihlahla, okungonakaliswa ngubanda.

Umanyolo wekwindla eyedlule futhi unomthelela ekwinkimbinkeni yobusika bezimpande ze-apula.

Ukuze umanyolo wekwephuzile ungasebenzisa:

• i-potassium chloride;
• umquba;
• usawoti;
• ama-superphosphate mix mix with potassium;
• umlotha.

Ukusabalalisa umanyolo wenziwa kumbuthano obanjwe umquba wokuchelela.

Ebusika, kungenzeka ukuba uqobe iqhwa ngaphansi kwesihlahla somuthi, kodwa uqaphelisise ukuthi lapho kufika intwasahlobo ingenakutshelwa nge-crust.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-Bogatyr ehlukahlukene-applekakhulu ukumelana nesilondakodwa kunesifo esifana nesifo i-powdery isikhutha. I-mycelium yomthunzi wayo omhlophe ongenawo ama-spores afana nezinhlamvu zefulawa.

Izimbali, ama-ovari namaqabunga ziyakwazi ukutheleleka - ziwa uma zikhulelwe. Futhi, ukutheleleka kuholela ekuqhumeni kwamahlumela.

Ungakwazi ukubona inkathazo ngezinso - izikali zazo zihambisana ngokuqinile.

Izinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana nesikhumba: Indodakazi Pepinchik, ama-Uralets, uRennet Chernenko, uBryansk no-Bolotovskoe.

Incazelo yezindlela zokubhekana nalesi sifo sezinto ezihlukahlukene ze-apula Bogatyr eqhubekayo:

• Amaqabunga awile emthini ogulayo kumele afakwe noma ahlanganiswe abe ngumquba;
• uthathe futhi ushise amagatsha anegciwane;
• spray isihlahla se-manganese (7%) noma isisombululo se-CaCl2 (10%). Ngemuva kwesonto, phinda ukusifiphaza, isixazululo esingu-5% kuphela. Ukufafaza kokugcina kwenziwa emva kokuvuna.

Izinambuzane eziyinhloko yizi: i-moth, i-aphid, i-hawthorn, i-moth yezimayini nezithelo ze-sapwood.

Uma isikhathi singenzi lutho, ukusakazwa kwezinambuzane kuzoholela ekufeni kwesitshalo.

Aphid udla amaqabunga angaphakathi, bese udla ijusi kusuka efihlekile, amaqabunga, izimbali.

Ukukhiqiza okusheshayo - ngenkathi kuze kufike ezizukulwaneni ezingu-14-16.

Izindlela zokulwa:

• ukuvutha izingxenye ezonakele zomuthi wama-apula;
• ukwelashwa izingxenye ezilimele ngesisombululo: 40 g isephaphu exutshwe negalikhi, ugwayi, i-chamomile decoction noma i-decoction ye-yarrow.
• ukusetshenzwa ngezindlela ezikhethekile.

I-Hawthorn - umbala omnyama obomvu nombala obomvu obude ngemuva. Bahlasela i-apula ngesikhathi sokuqala kwentwasahlobo, bedla amaqabunga neziqu.

Izindlela zokulwa:

• ukukhanga kwezinyoni ezidla izinambuzane;
• sishaye ngemikhiqizo ekhethekile;
• ukwelashwa nge-decoction enomhlonyane, i-decoction yezintanzi eziqongweni, i-yarrow.

Peduncle udla amaqabunga namaqabunga, kanye nokuholela ebubini bezithelo.

Izindlela zokulwa:

• ukushisa izingxenye ze-apple ezonakalisiwe, ukumba umhlabathi ozungezile umuthi, ukuvikela amagxolo;
• elenga emagatsheni ezitsheni ezinama-moth noma umhlonyane, iphunga eliyingozi kulokhu okuphazamisayo;
• ukucubungula nge-biopreparations ekhethekile.

Thanda izihlahla zakho ze-apula, bese zizokujabulela ngokuvuna ngempela.

Kuvidiyo ungabona i-apple ehlukahlukene ye-aple Bogatyr.