Imithi ye-Apple ibhekisela kuya kohlobo lwe-apula, i-pink family.
Ingqikithi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50 zezihlahla ze-apula, ezihluke ekunambithekeni, ngobukhulu nombala.
Umuthi we-apula ungabizwa ngokuthi "umuthi" wezithelo, okutshalwa kuwo okujwayelekile phakathi kwabalimi nabahlali behlobo.
Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngezici zezinhlobo ezikhulayo ze-apula I-Arcade ehlobo.
Uhlobo luni?
Izinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla ze-apula i-Arkad ehlobo (noma ngenye indlela - i-Arkad iyamnandi, i-Arkad iphuzi, i-Arkad inesikhathi eside) ibhekisela ekuqaleni kwehlobo ukuvuthwa - cishe isigamu sokuqala se-august.
Imvelaphi yalezi zinhlobonhlobo zakudala zesiRussia aziwa.
Abanye ochwepheshe bezolimo bahlukanisa igama elibizwa ngegama elifanayo "I-Arkad yellow" ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene, futhi evamile futhi ejwayelekile "I-Summer Arcade" wabonakala kamuva, ngoba ngaphambilini ngaphambili ezincwadini ezikhethekile akuhlangatshezwanga.
Izinhlobo zasehlobo zihlanganisa: Arkadik, Kvinti, Elena, Dachnoe, Hero of the Day, Melba, Gorno-Altaisk, Gornist, Papirovka, Robin, Bely Pour, Yandykovskoe, Chudnoe, Terentyevka, Silver Hoof, Siyanets Solntsedar, Solntsedar, Glory to Winner, July Chernenko.
Ukuvota
Lolu hlobo lwe-apula kumele itshalwe ngamamitha angu-5-6 ngaphandle. Udinga ukuvundiswa kwemifino ngezinye izinhlobo.
Ukutshala eceleni kwezinto eziphilayo ezingavamile ukuvota kungasiza ekwandiseni ukusebenza komuthi.
Akunconywa ukutshala izihlahla zasebusika njengesivunguvungu.
Incazelo izinhlobo Arcade ehlobo yellow
Ngokuvamile, i-apple tree yalezi zihlukahlukene ibukeka icacile futhi ihlanzekile.
Umqhele wezihlahla ungoboshwe, oblong futhi unamandla, amagatsha ayengavamile ukutholakala, aqondiswe phezulu.
Amahlumela anombala womnqumo nge-tinge ebomvu, ubukhulu buphakathi, kunalokho akushicileli kahle.
Amaqabunga afana namaqanda, afana nobukhulu obuphakathi, umbala uhlaza okomnyama, futhi amahlumela anesibhakabhaka esibuthakathaka.
Usayizi wezithelo isilinganiso se-Arcade, isisindo sesithelo esisodwa sinama-gram angu-80.Ukuma kufana nesidonsa esinqunyiwe, kancane kancane.
Umbala wesikhumba uwuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphandle kobumnyama, obuluhlaza, ingubo yincane kakhulu futhi ibushelelezi. Ngezithelo ezithe xaxa, amabala amnyama angaphansi kwesikhumba ahamba phambili.
Inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo ukuvuthwa kokuqala. Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kunakho iphunga elimnandi, elithambile, ngezinye izikhathi ukunambitheka, ukunambitheka, inyama enhle ngaphandle kwe-asidi, ngokubunjwa okuxekethile.
Ukuntuleka kwezinto ezihlukahlukene kungukuthi ukuthuthwa kwesitshalo ngenxa yezinto ezibhubhisa izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo.
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo zase-Arcade ziyizinhlobo eziningi zezintandokazi nezidumile zaseRussia amakhulu eminyaka amaningi, kodwa umsuka wayo akaziwa.
ULeon Tolstoy uphinde ukhulume ngomunwe othakazelisayo wesithelo sakhe, endaweni lapho izihlahla zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zanda khona.
Ukunambitheka kwezithelo ze-apula akukhunjulwa futhi kugqamile, kunzima ukudidanisa nomunye, nakuba ezinye zikhomba ukufana kokunambitheka ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-Golden Delicious, kodwa abukho ubudlelwane obuvamile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ngisho nokubonakala okufana.
Imithombo ethile endala iqukethe ulwazi iBashkiria eyaba yindawo yokuqala lapho lezi zinhlobonhlobo zisetshenziswa kakhulu.
Ngokuphathelene nokutshala isikhathi eside kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula yalezi ezihlukahlukene, kukhona ukungaboni kahle. Encwadini kaMv. Rytov leli banga lithola igama "I-Arcade eside"Kakade emisebenzini ye-Academician Vinyaminov emithini yezithelo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene sezivele zibizwa "I-Arkad yellow".
Isifunda sokukhula kwemvelo
Isici esibalulekile ekukhuleni kwe-Summer Arcade ukumelana nezimo ezimbi. Esikhathini esidlule, ukulima kwe-apula kwakunqunyelwe abalimi be-amateur.
Hlanganisa kahle ezindaweni eziphakathi ngenxa yayo ubusika hardiness. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene akuzona izimboni ngenxa izinkinga zokuhamba, ikakhulukazi izihlahla ze-apula zikhulile ukuze zisebenzise.
Ukuthela
Isihlahla se-Apple uqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesihlanu noma wesithupha emva kokutshalaemva kwalokho kuthwala izithelo njalo ngonyaka.
Ukukhiqiza kuncane kakhulu - cishe ngo-50-60 kilogram kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa. I-Arkad yellow iyinhlobonhlobo yehlobo, izithelo ziqala ukuvuthwa ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
Kodwa ngisho nangaphambi kokuvuthwa okugcwele, ama-apula akulungele ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yokuthi i-asidi ephansi. Iphuphukile, ama-apula agwetshiwe kanye nokuphila kwe-shelf kusukela ngesonto kuya kwezinsuku eziyishumi.
Izitshalo eziphezulu zihlukaniswa izinhlobo ze-apula: i-Antonovka Dessert, i-Gala, i-Winter Pear, i-Antey, i-Lyubava, i-Kuibyshev, indodakazi ka-Pepinchik, i-Apple Spas, i- Phoenix i-Altai, i-Uralets, i- Lobo, i-Welsey, i-Stroyevskoye, i-Sokolovskoye, i-Sun, i-Ural Ukugcwalisa, i-Rososhos, i-Sostoshis, i-Sostoshis, i-Sostoshko , Iphephethi, Kora, imrush, isivumelwano.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-apula kuyinto ibhizinisi elinomsebenzi elidinga ukulalela nolwazi.
Ngokusho balimi abanolwazi nabachwepheshe, ngokushesha lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya entwasahlobo isikhathi eside siqala ukuhlala ngaphezu kwezinga, futhi ekwindla kusekude kubandakuyisibonakaliso ukuthi isikhathi sokufika izithelo izitshalo.
Mayelana nesimo sezulu esinjalo siza hhayi ngaphambi kwengxenye yesibili ka-Ephreli.
Into yokuqala okumelwe ukwenze iqaphe ukumba umgodi. Lo kufanele ahlupheke kusengaphambili - okungenani isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokutshala okuhlongozwayo kokutshala.
Ububanzi bomgodi kufanele bube ngamamitha, futhi ukujula - okungaphansi kwamamentimitha angu-80. Uma ugoba, ungqimba olungenhla kufanele lukhunjulwe kwendlalelo engezansi, ngoba luvundile futhi luwusizo, futhi luzodingeka ngesikhathi sokutshala okulandelayo.
Umgodi othosiwe ngaphambi kokutshala uzodinga ukuqhutshwa phambili: inhlabathi engezansi ikhululiwe futhi amathini amadala noma igobolondo lezinyosi zifakwa kuyo.
Futhi inhlabathi iyadingeka superphosphate. Ungangeza humus noma umlotha. Khona-ke isendlalelo esingenhla esivezwe ngaphambilini sidinga ukugcwalisa umgodi endaweni ethile phakathi.
I-TIP: Abalimi bamasimu bayazi ukuthi uma utshala i-apula ezweni lapho kungekho lutho olukhulile ngaphambi kwalo, izithelo ziyoba ezinkulu futhi ziphilile. Kodwa uma uhlwanyela umuthi endaweni lapho isitshalo sezinhlobo zawo sesivele sakhulile futhi siphumelele, siyobuna.
Lesi sici sabizwa inhlabathi ukuzibulalangoba isitshalo ngasinye singakwazi ukufihla Izinto ezibuthelela enhlabathini futhi zingaba yingozi izihlahla zezinhlobo ezifanayo.
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezingenhla, ezinye izihlahla zezithelo uma utshala.
Ngisho noma inhlabathi ivundile futhi inempilo, umuthi usazodinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe.
Kulokhu, kunemithetho: uma ngesikhathi sokutshala uhlwanyela nge-phosphorus, izinto eziphilayo kanye ne-potassium, emva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela kumele kusetshenziswe i-nitrogenous kuphela.
Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala umanyolo wawungasetshenzisiwe, khona-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isitshalo sidinga isakhiwo somanyolo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Eminyakeni ethile, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zehlobo ze-arcade zingase zihlwithwe. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi amakhambi abantu kanye nokuvimbela akulondolozi umuthi kulezi zifo ezimbi.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, basebenzisa ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali emithi ngokumelene nezifo - i-fungus Venturia ayifani, ibangela isikhumba
I-TIP: Ungaphathi izinkuni njalo ngonyaka ngokulungiselela okufanayo, njengoba ukhunta ungathuthukisa ukulutha, okusho ukuthi ukwelashwa ngeke kuphumelele. Ithuluzi kumele lisetshenziswe ngesipirisi nge-sprays encane ukuze ungalimazi umuthi we-apula ngokudlula ngaphezulu.
Ezinye izindlela zamakhemikhali okwelashwa nokuvimbela kungaba umanyolo wamaminerali. Le ndlela ishibhile kunamakhemikhali abizayo futhi ayikho ngaphansi kokusebenza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umanyolo wamaminerali uyasiza njengesihlahla sokugqoka.
Ukuphalaza ngezixazululo kusiza njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela. kuze kufike ku-3% ukuhlushwa kwe-ammonium nitrate, i-potassium chloride, i-potash usawoti njll, kanye nokwelapha okufanelekile izixazululo ezivela ku-3-10% ukuhlushwa kwe-potassium chloride, ukuxilongwa kuka-10% kwe-ammonium nitrate kanye no-10-15% ukuhlushwa kwesawoti ka-potassium.
Njengokusetshenziswa kwezifakazo zamakhemikhali, udinga ukuqaphela ekulandiseni.
Inzuzo engenakulinganiswa yezinhlobonhlobo zehlobo ze-Arkad (noma i-Arkad ophuzi) yiyona ukumelana nezimo ezimbi. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthutha izithelo, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zilungele ukulima nokuzimela komkhaya; ngenxa yokucubungula ubuchwepheshe, izithelo azifanelekile ngenxa ye-pulp yayo evulekile.
Futhi ukulimala okucacile kuyinto isivuno esincane futhi ukukhwabanisa okuphezuluokudinga ukunakekelwa komuthi okwengeziwe.
