Isithakazelo se-cherry njengesitshalo sezentengiselwano sezentengiselwano siphezulu kakhulu ngenxa yezici zayo eziyingqayizivele zezinto eziphilayo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ekugqugquzelweni kwalesi siko sezithelo zamatshe ukukhethwa kwezinhlobo ezintsha. Enye yalezi zinhlobo ezintsha cherry minx.
Kuyinto enesithakazelo ngokuyinhloko kubalimi abasebenza ezindaweni eziseningizimu benesimo sezulu esifudumele futhi esihle. Futhi, i-Minx cherry, incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe ozothola kamuva ku-athikili, inokuphikiswa okukhulu kwezifo.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Omunye wama-republic "ama-cherry" aseSoviet Union ayelokhu ekhona futhi uhlala njalo Ukraine Bekulapha lapho izidakamizwa ze-Minx zadalwa.
Kwenzeka ngesisekelo seMelitopol Institute of Irrigated Horticulture kubo. Mf Sidorenko (owaseMetitopol Station Station, IS NAAS), eyaziwa ngokuthuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zama cherry nama cherry.
Okungenani ukuthi okwamanje ngamaphesenti angama-90 azo zonke izinhlobo ze-cherry esifundeni sase-Ukraine zenziwa eMelitopol zikhuluma ngendima yangempela yalesi sikhungo sesayensi nesisetshenziswa ekusakazeni isiko le-cherry.
Ucwaningo olwenziwe nge-Shalunya oluhlukahlukene luqhutshwa esifundeni saseZaporizhzhya maphakathi nawo-1960 futhi lwaphela ngokubhaliswa okusemthethweni kwezihlukahlukene ngo-1966.
Abalobi baleli cherry badumile abalimi base-Ukraine - Udokotela Wezesayensi Yezolimo Nikolai Turovtsev nomkakhe, isazi seziko elifanayo, uValentina Turovtseva.
Isisekelo sokukhethwa kwezihlobo ezintsha ezithembisayo sithathwe cherry Samsonovka noDuke (umkhiqizo wokudlula izinhlobo ze-cherry ne-sweet cherry) I-Kiev 19.
Ngenxa yokuwela kancane kancane kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo, i-hybrid eyithakazelisayo kakhulu ivele, ihlukaniswe yizimfanelo eziningi ezinhle, kufaka phakathi isivuno esihle, ikakhulukazi izihlahla ezinkulu kanye nezithelo ezinkulu, ezihlwabusayo ngendlela eningizimu.
Kusukela ekuzalweni kwayo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ziye zavela emapulazini e-horticultural e-Ukraine.
Ngokomphumela wezifundo ezengeziwe iMinx ngo-1997 kwafakwa ngokusemthethweni kwiRejista yaseRussia ye-Varietal Register futhi zitholakala esifundeni saseNyakatho Caucasus.
Izinhlobo ze-Podbelskaya, Black Large ne-Toy nazo zikhula kahle kule ndawo.
Ukubukeka kwe-cherry minx
I-Minx Cherry inezici ezilandelayo ezihlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo ze-cherry.
Isihlahla
Ihlukaniswe ngezigaba izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha. Ubukhulu bomuthi buyaguquka kusuka ukukhula okuphakathi kuya phezulu. Emagqabeni e-trunk eyinhloko yalesi cherry, enemibala enombala obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukucubungula okuhlukile kuyabonakala.
Krone, amagatsha. Amagatsha asetshenziswe isikhathi eside afanelekile ayenze umqhele ogcwele futhi ohlangene. Umqhele uphakanyiswe phezulu ngaphezu komhlaba.
Amahlumela. Uma uqedile, unama-brown-brown brown. Ubuningi bamahlumela amaningi buphakathi. Emahlumela, ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni ezincane, ama-grey amaningi, ama-lentile ahlukanisiwe kahle.
Ukukhula kunemikhiqizo enyaka eyodwa ubudala, kanye namagatsha asezimbali. Lesi simo kufanele sicatshangelwe ngesikhathi sokusika umuthi, ukuze kungabi ngengozi ukunciphisa ingxenye ekhiqizayo yesitshalo.
Ezingqungqutheleni eziphakathi nendawo uhlamvu oluthile. Izintambo ezimfushane zinokucushwa ngokuqinile, ukuwa ngokushesha. Iqabunga ngalinye ligcinwe e-petiole encane, ehlanganisiwe futhi enemibala.
Izithelo
Bamele amajikijolo amakhulu omnyama obomvu (burgundy), ngokuvamile umbala omnyama. Isihloko se-cherry sinomumo ohlangene, isisekelo saso sibonakaliswa ukucindezeleka okuncane, futhi umncane kakhulu, umcibisholo obuseduze obunamathelisi uhlelwe esiswini.
I-Lighthouse, Amabhange kanye neDessert Morozova nayo ingaziqhayisa ngobukhulu obukhulu bamajikijolo.
I-berry ihlanganiswe nomzimba omncane, kodwa kunomdlandla, nge-specks engavamile, isikhumba, kodwa noma kunjalo, okungasuswa kalula ku-pulp. I-Burgundy pulp ine-texture elula-soft, iqukethe ujusi omnyama obomvu.
Ngaphakathi kwe-pulp kuyithambo elincane. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ze-minx cherry kulinganisa ngesilinganiso 5-6 g. Kubonakala ngokuqabula kakhulu ukunambitheka okumnandi.
Izinhlobo ezifana neChernokorka, iFrostbite neZhivitsa zibonisa ukunambitheka okukhulu.
Isithombe
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, i-Shalunya ezihlukahlukene yi-cherry ehle kakhulu ebonisa izakhiwo zenkambiso ephezulu yezohwebo yezinhloso zendawo yonke.
I-Universal nayo iVolochaevka, i-Griot yaseMoscow neLebedyanskaya.
Ihlanganisa kahle ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, isivuno esikhulu, ukumelana okuhle nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Lolu hlobo lokukhulelwa nge-cherry hybrid luyisigaba esasakazekile. izitshalo zezithelo ezizimele. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ngaphandle kokusizwa kwezihlahla ezitshalo zokuvota, ukukhulelwa nge-fruiting elandelayo akunakwenzeka.
Inkumbulo kaVavilov, uZhukovskaya noMalinovka nayo iyakwazi ukuzimela.
Ngakho-ke, abalimi, abathembela emaqoqweni amnandi ama cherries amnandi, bayelulekwa ukuba banakekele kusengaphambili ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ze-cherry zitshalwe ezindaweni eziseduze zezithombo zikaShaunya.
Ama-pollinator Good for Minx yizinhlobonhlobo zama cherry. Samsonovka noChernokorkakanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-sweet cherry I-Winka no-Valery Chkalov.
Ngokwesilinganiso sokuvuthwa kwe-Minx kungokwesigaba seminyaka ephakathi nonyaka. Imigomo yokuvuthwa kwezithelo zayo kuxhomeke endaweni yokulima.
Ngokuyinhloko, ezimweni zamafamu ama-horticultural aseMelitopol - izwe lalezi ezihlukahlukene - ukuvuthwa okugcwele kuvame kwenzeka ngoJuni 20-25.
Kodwa kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi isivuno sokuqala salesi cherry singanikeza kuphela Eminyakeni emithathu emva kokufika ukupholisa
Ngokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwesitshalo futhi ngokuhambisana nazo zonke izidingo ze-agrotechnical, i-Minx, kuqala kusukela eminyakeni engu-5-6 ubudala, unikeza inkathi ngomuthi owodwa kuze kufike ku-15-20 kg wezithelo futhi nge Uneminyaka engu-10 ubudala - kufika ku-35-40 kg ngomuthi ngamunye.
Izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-cherry njengoTurgenevka, ubudala obufanayo, uTamaris uyophinde ajabule ngemikhiqizo ephezulu.
Izithelo zalezi zihlukahlukene kukhona enye ye-cherry esiphundu kunazo zonkeukujabulisa ama-gourmets wakhe i-tonic i-sweet-sourish bouquet.
Ku-5-point point ukunambitheka ukunambitheka cherry, the Minxes zihlolwe ochwepheshe in Amaphuzu angu-4.8.
Izinzwa zokunambitha zihambisana nokubunjwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezinesitshalo, okubukeka kanje:
| Ukwakhiwa | Inombolo |
|---|---|
| Ushukela | 10,4% |
| I-Acid | 0,94% |
| Indaba eyomile | 16,0% |
Njengamanye ama-cherry "amadwala" amaningi, ama-minx amahle futhi aqabulayo ngumkhiqizo onempilo kakhulu.
Iqukethe inani elikhulu lamavithamini amaqembu ahlukene folic acid - Umthombo wokusebenza okuvamile kwezinhlelo zokujikeleza nezivikelo zomzimba.
Futhi, izithelo zicebile kulokhu okudingekayo emzimbeni womuntu njenge iron, calcium, phosphorus, ithusi, i-magnesium, i-citric nama-acic acid acids.
Kanye nokubekezelelana kwesomiso, lo cherry uthathwa njengokwanele futhi ubusika obuhlukahlukene obusika. Nokho iphuzu elibuthakathaka lapha yi-floral flower.
Hardiness ubusika hardiness kuboniswa yizinhlobo Vladimirskaya, Ashinskaya Stepnaya, Molodezhnaya.
Ngakho, uma izinga lokushisa lihla ebusika kuya ku -25 ° C Njengoba izinkuni nezihlahla ngokuvamile zingafaki kancane, inani lefihlekile elifa ngenxa yeqhwa efihlekile livame ukuba ngu-58%.
Lapho kuvela amahlumela entwasahlobo, izimpande ezingafika ku-30% zeMinx zingase zife.
Izithelo ezivuthiwe zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zisetshenziswa yonke indawo futhi zingadliwa kokubili futhi zisetshenziswe (ujamu, amakhemikhali, ama-compotes, imiva, njll).
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukuze wenze ukutshala okulungile kwalesi siko, kufanele uqale ngokufanele ukhethe indawo kuyo isakhiwo segadi.
Le ndawo kufanele ihlangabezane nemibandela eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa. - kufanele kube kahle ngokukhanya kwelanga (ngokuvamile lokhu kungafinyelelwa ngokubeka isiteji engxenyeni yaseningizimu yesakhiwo), kuso amanzi angaphansi komhlaba akufanele abe eduze kuka-1.5-2 m (i-overmoistened futhi ngenxa yalokho isetshenziselwa inhlabathi eyingozi kakhulu ibulala umuthi omncane), inhlabathi kufanele ibe loamy noma isihlabathi.
Ezinye izidingo zifakwe enqubo yokutshala izithombo. Le nqubo yenziwa noma entwasahlobo (ngaphambi kokuchichima), noma ekwindla (kungakapheli ukuphela kukaSepthemba).
Ngoba isithombo senziwe umgodi ongama-50-60 cm ububanzi kanye no-60-70 cm ububanzi
Uma kunqunywa ukujula komgodi, kucatshangwa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokutshala izimpande zesithombo kumele kube ngokukhululekile, ngaphandle kokucindezelwa, kufakwe ekupheleni.
Bayihlaba ngendlela yokuthi ngemva kokulala phansi (inhlabathi ngaphambi kokuba ixubane nama-humus, 30-40 g we-superphosphate kanye no-20 g we-potassium chloride) intamo yempande ye-seedling yaphakama ngo-5-7 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi.
Ngemuva kokuba isithombo sifakwe emgodini, futhi izimpande zihlanganiswe nenhlanganisela yomhlabathi, indawo ejikeleze isiqu kumele ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela.
Khona-ke, ngendawo engama-30-35 cm, i-funnel isakhiwe eduze kwesiqu, umngcele wayo owenza udonga oluphansi lwazo. Emngcwabeni owenziwe 2-3 amabhakede wamanzi ahlukanisiwe athululelwa. Inhlabathi yahlala emva kokunisela uhlaka lwesentimitha 2-sentimeter we-compost noma i-sawdust.
Ukunakekelwa kwendabuko kwe-cherry engafanele yinkathi ukukhulula inhlabathi nokususwa okwesikhashana kwezitshalo zokhula. Kubalulekile futhi ukufeza ukusika izihlahla njalo.
Ngokuyinhloko, amagatsha okweqile futhi abuthakathaka ngokuvamile athwalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Kunconywa ukuthi ususe futhi uphume ngokweqile amahlumela.
Emva kweminyaka engu-7-8 emva kokufika, lapho ukomiswa kwamagatsha amakhulu kuqala, kunconywa ukuba usike. Kodwa ngaphambi kokususa, izimpande ezinamandla kufanele zilungiswe.
Ukunakekelwa komuthi okufanele kuhilela ukuzimisela okucacile kwekhwalithi yenhlabathi engadini.
Uma kukhona i-asidi eqondile yenhlabathi engalimaza kakhulu isitshalo, bese isenhlabathini ngezikhathi ezineminyaka emihlanu, ungangezela isixazululo se-lime. Lokhu kufanele kulinganise izinga le-asidi.
Buka ividiyo mayelana nemithetho yokunquma ama cherry.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Imibukiso ye-Minx ehlukahlukene ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nezifo ezinkulu izithelo zamatshe, kuhlanganise nezifo eziyingozi njenge-fungal i-coccomicosis ne-moniliasis.
Ukuphikisana ne-coccomycosis kanye nezinye izifungi kuboniswa yi-Fairy, Hope noZhukovskaya.
Ngokuphathelene nomthelela wamagundane, ongawadla ngokuqinile amagxolo omuthi ebusika, lapha usebenzise izindlela zendabuko zokuvikela.
Uma zonke izimo zokuqukethwe okulungile zama cherry zihlangana, khona-ke iMinx izojabula ngokusha kwayo futhi ibe umhlobiso wangempela wetafula lokugubha.
Uma udinga ukuhlukahluka okungaqondakali kwama cherry, qaphela uLyubskaya, Tamaris no-Memories Yenikeev.
