Utamatisi - Yiso sonke isisombululo esihle sabalimi. Kuyinto elula ukuyikhulela esakhiweni sakho, futhi kukhona inzuzo enkulu kubo. Ngaphandle kokunomsoco, utamatisi ucebile amavithamini nezakhi, futhi zingahlobisa noma yikuphi isidlo. Ukuze sijabulele le mifino emangalisayo, abalimi baye bathola izinhlobo eziningi zakuqala, futhi phakathi kwazo Izinhlobo zeTomate Shuttle, okutholakala ngokwengeziwe engadini. Ngolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nesigaba se-tomato i-Shuttle, mayelana nendlela yokukhulisa lawa utamatisi ngokuzimela, lesi sihloko sizokutshela.
I-Shuttle Shuttle: Incazelo
I-Shuttle ehlukahlukene yamatamatisi - utamatisi ovuthiwe, okungaze ngisho nomlimi ongenalwazi angakwazi ukubhekana nokukhula, ngoba le mijelo ihlukaniswa ngokungahloniphi kwezimo nokukhula. Ukuthungwa kwamatamatisi kunesimo esihle kakhulu sabalimi: isitshalo salolu hlobo luyihlathi elijwayelekile eliphakeme ukusuka ku-45 kuya ku-55 cm.
Uyazi? Ukuthungatha Utamatisi - ukuhlukahluka kwe-deterministic nokukhula okulinganiselwe.
Izithelo zinamanzi futhi zinamafutha, zimehlo ezinama-oval, zinombhoxo we-convex. Isikhumba sesithelo sibumnyama, sigcwele obomvu futhi sincane kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo sesithelo sifinyelela ku-45 kuya kuma-60 g. Ukuhamba okuhlukahlukene kwe-tomato kunezivuno eziphakeme kakhulu: kusuka ku-5 kuya kwezingu-8 kg zezithelo zingaqoqwa kusuka kumitha eyodwa yomhlaba. Izihlahla zivusa kakade ezinsukwini ezingu-80-120 emva kokuvela kwamahlumela.
Utamatisi okhulayo Shuttle: izimo zokutshala
Ukuthungatha utamatisi akudingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kodwa kungcono ukudala izimo ezithile zesitshalo, futhi okokuqala kuhilela indawo yokutshala.
Lapho ungafaka khona ukuhamba
Ngokuvamile, utamatisi we-Shuttle ezihlukahlukene zikhulwa ngezithombo, kodwa kwezinye izindawo lesi sitshalo singatshala ngqo embhedeni wensimu. Kunoma yikuphi, indawo yokulima kufanele ifakwe kahle futhi ifakwe umoya omuhle, kodwa kungcono ukubeka iziqukathi ezinezithombo noma ezihlahleni emhlabathini ovulekile. Izandulela phambili zetamatisi Ukufuduka kuyoba yi-zucchini, ukhukhamba, izaqathe, iklabishi, i-dill noma i-parsley.
Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukungatshali i-Shuttle eduze kwama-eggplants, amazambane kanye ne-pepper.
Luhlobo luni lomhlabathi oludinga ukukhulisa ukukhula okuphumelelayo?
Uma usuvele unqume ukuthola amaTamatisi ahlukahlukene, kungcono ukhethe i-substrate ngokubunjwa okuhle kokulima. Inhlabathi evundile kakhulu engcolile ingcono kakhulu kulokhu, ukuze uthole ukufinyelela kahle kwamanzi kanye ne-oxygen ezimpandeni; I-pH yenhlabathi ingu-5.5-6.0. Kungcono ukuxuba izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus ne-1 ingxenye ye-chernozem, ungongeza futhi ingxenye yesihlabathi nenye i-vermiculite emhlabathini.
Ukuhamba nge-Seeding izithombo
Ukuthungatha utamatisi kuvame ukukhula ngokusebenzisa izithombo.
I-Shuttle Shuttle: isikhathi, ukulungiselela imbewu, ukukhethwa kwamandla okutshala
Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-utamatisi Ukuhamba, kuyadingeka ukuba wenze umsebenzi othile wokulungiselela. Imbewu ayidingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile: i-disinfected ngokwanele esisombululo samanzi ne-hydrogen peroxide ngesilinganiso sama-3 ml we-peroxide nge-100 ml amanzi. Le ngxube kumele ifuthe ku-degrees angu-40 futhi ugcine imbewu kuyo imizuzu engu-10. Ukuze uhlume imbewu, ungasebenzisa indwangu: udinga ukuyihlanza bese ufaka imbewu kuyo ukuze ingathinti. Imbewu, efakwe ngendwangu, kufanele ifakwe esitsheni sepulasitiki futhi ifakwe ifilimu.
Uyazi? Ukumboza ifilimu engenakwenzeka ngokuphelele, udinga ukushiya umgodi omncane wokufinyelela emoyeni.
Ifilimu kufanele isuswe ngokuphelele izikhathi eziningana ngosuku ukuthumelela. Imbewu ihluma ngokushesha futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ilungele ukuhlwanyela. Amandla okuhlwanyela angakhetha ukuthanda kwakho, ngaleyo njongo, efanelekile futhi ipeat, nephepha, nezinkomishi zeplastiki noma ikhasethi. Ngisho noma isitsha sesitsha, kufanele sikhiphe i-disinfected: cwilisa kwisisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate isigamu sehora. Kungcono ukuhlwanyela izithombo ngasekupheleni kukaFebruwari, bese sekuvele ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni uzokwazi ukujabulisa umndeni ngamatamatisi ozenziwe.
Uhlelo lokuhlwanyela
Uhlelo lokufika lulula: Uma ukhula isikhunta ngasinye esitsheni esisodwa, khona-ke kwisitsha esisodwa kumele udle imbewu ka 2-3 kuya ku-0.5-1 cm, futhi uma kunomthamo omkhulu, kufanele uhlwanyele imbewu enhlabathini enomanzi olungiselelwe, wenze imisele kuwo , Ububanzi buka-1-2 cm kude no-5-7 cm. Imbewu idinga ukujula 1-1,5 cm
Indlela yokunakekela izithombo zokuhamba
Okokuqala okumele ukwenze ukuqhutshwa njalo izitshalo bese uhambisa umhlabathi ngesibonakaliso sokuqala sokumiswa kwe-substrate. Kwenze kangcono ngesibhamu sophethi. Iqukethe amabhokisi anezithombo adinga ekushiseni kwama-22-24 ° C. Uma nje amahlumela okuqala evela, udinga ukuhambisa izitsha ngezitshalo endaweni epholile bese ususa ifilimu. Phakathi nesonto, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-16 ° C emini kanye no-13 ° C ebusuku. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa, izinga lokushisa laphinde laphakama libe ngu-19 ° C. Ukunisela kufanele kuvikelwe ngokulinganisela noma amanzi emvula abe nokushisa okungaba ngu-19 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Ngokushesha nje lapho iqabunga le-cotyledon lifinyelela ku-0.5 cm ubude, isitshalo singadonsa.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukufakwa okungeziwe kwezithombo, ngoba lokhu ungasebenzisa isibani se-fluorescent. Ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe ngokwezimo zesitshalo, ungafaka izithombo "Nitrofoskoy" noma "Crystal". Okokuqala, isitshalo sondliwa izinsuku ezingu-10-12 ngemuva kokukhetha.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile, kumele kube nzima: lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-8-10 ° C, lithathe ebhaleni noma kwi-veranda yehora nengxenye. Ukubeka utamatisi endaweni engapheli Ukuthungatha kungaba, lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lifinyelela ku-12 ° C. Ngaphambi kokutshala utamatisi, kuyadingeka ukuba unisele umhlabathi ngokugcwele futhi ukhululekile ukuze umhlaba "uhlangane" eduze nezimpande futhi ungaqhubeki.
Ukujula kokutshala kumele kufane nokuphakama kwetangi lapho izithombo zanda khona. Kungcono ukutshala izithombo ntambama, esimweni sezulu esibhakabhakeni. Ku-Shuttleman, ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa kufanele libe okungenani ngamasentimitha angama-30 kuya ku-35. Ngalokhu kuhlathini olutshalwe udinga ukushayela isigxobo, lapho uzobopha khona utamatisi.
Ukukhulisa umkhumbi we-tomato: indlela yokunakekela isitshalo
Ukuthungatha utamatisi akudingi umzamo omkhulu ekukhuleni. Kwanele ngezikhathi ezithile ukugeza amanzi bese ukondla isitshalo, futhi futhi ukuba ungakhohlwa mayelana weeding kanye nokuhlolwa ngesikhathi esifanele sokuba khona izifo kanye izinambuzane.
Indlela yokuphuza isitshalo
Utamatisi - Kuyinto isitshalo yemifino ebekezelela isomiso kahle, kodwa isivuno sotamatisi, ngenkathi ilandela imithetho yokunisela, yanda kakhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina izinyathelo zokunisela ngokushesha emva kokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile. Uma upha amanzi ngokucophelela, ngokushesha kuzothatha izimpande. Futhi, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ekutheni utamatisi kufanele ukukhokhwa ngenkathi ukwakhiwa kwe-ovary yesithelo, ngaphandle kwalokho izimbali nama-ovari awela nje.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, kubalulekile ukuthi ungathathi kahle utamatisi, ngoba umswakama owedlulele uzobangela ukuthi inani lomsindo omile kule utamatisi liwe, futhi lizoqhekeka noma libole. Ukujula kwenhlabathi kuyancika futhi kuxhomeke esikhathini sokukhula, isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo kuze kube nokwakhiwa kwama-ovari, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela yokuthi inhlabathi yahlushwa ngamanzi angama-20-25 cm, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa - 25-30 cm . Ukuphuza utamatisi Ukufuduka kudinga zonke izinsuku ezingu-7-10 ngesilinganiso sama-30 amalitha amanzi ngalunye imitha eyi-1.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwetamatisi
Ukuze ukwandise isivuno sotamatisi, kanye nokuqinisa isitshalo, utamatisi udinga ukondliwa. Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezingu-12 emva kokutshala izithombo. Khona-ke udinga ukondla isitshalo njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10, usebenzisa kokubili amaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo. Ngesinye isitshalo udinga ukusebenzisa u-0.5-1 litre lomanyolo.
Uyazi? Ukuze izithelo ziqale kahle ngesikhathi sokuhluma kanye nezimbali, ungafakela izitshalo ngesisombululo se-Epin ngesilinganiso samaconsi amabili nge-200 ml amanzi.
Futhi, njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukudla okunomsoco kungenziwa nge-boric acid, okuzokwenza isitshalo sikwazi ukumelana nezimo zezulu ezimbi. Ukuze uthole indawo ye-boric acid efanelekayo ye-biostimulator "I-Ovary".
Izinambuzane ezinkulu nezifo zezimila
Naphezu kokuthi i-Shuttle - isitshalo imelana nokubekezela futhi ibekezelela ngisho nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, ngezikhathi ezithile kanti lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingonakaliswa izifo nezinambuzane. Phakathi kwezifo ezivame ukwedlula zonke utamatisi, abalimi ngokuvamile kufanele babhekane nokulimala, okuthinta sonke isitshalo futhi kuhambisane nokubonakala kwezindawo ezibomvu esiqu, amaqabunga nesithelo ngokwawo. 
Esinye isifo esiyingozi kakhulu i-tomato anthracnose, imiphumela lapho kunamabala amnyama kulo lonke isitshalo, kodwa kaningi lapho kunezithelo ezingavuthiwe. Isifo esivame kakhulu cishe yonke imifino nezithelo zezitshalo yi-powdery isikhutha, esizibonakalisa njengamabala amhlophe emaqabunga esihlahla. Kudingekile ukuvikela isitshalo ngezifo ngosizo lwezingcingo, kanye nokuhlala ukhula izitshalo, ngoba eziningi zezifo zihlala emaqabeni afile kanye nokhula.
Ngokuqondene nezinambuzane, ngokuvamile ngokuvamile utamatisi we-Shuttle uhlaselwa ibhere, i-aphid ekhulayo, i-gall nematodes, izibungu zesicabucabu, kanye ne-Colorado amazambane beetle. Kubalulekile ukulwa nezinambuzane ngokusebenzisa izinambuzane, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uphefute ngesisombululo seseva.
Ukuvuna ukuhamba
Ukuvuna utamatisi Ukuhamba kungase kube ezinyangeni ezingu-3-3.5 emva kokufakelwa kabusha emhlabathini ovulekile.
Kubalulekile! Ukuvuna utamatisi walezi ezihlukahlukene kungaba yisikhathi eside, cishe sonke isizini.
Ungakwazi ngisho ukuqoqa utamatisi obusweni, uwabeke endaweni enelanga futhi, ujika, ubavumele i-dospet. Kubalulekile ukuthi utamatisi ungadluli, futhi uma sekuvele kwenzekile futhi izithelo ziye zalahlekelwa ukuqina, kufanele zisetshenziswe noma zisetshenziswe ngokushesha. Isimo esihle kunazo zonke sokuvuna sisalokhu sinzima, izithelo zizohlala isikhathi eside.
I-Shuttle Shuttle: izinzuzo nezindleko ezihlukahlukene
Izinhlobo zeTomate Shuttle - Into enhle kulabo abasondela ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokuqhaqha kweqhwa bathanda imifino esisha ensimini. Yiqiniso, ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwalawa utamatisi kuyinhlanganisela eqondile yalezi ezihlukahlukene. Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yokuThuthukisa ukuthi lezi zithelo zingagcinwa isikhathi eside, futhi ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu zingagcinwa kalula ngisho nasezinkalweni ezincane. Izinzuzo zokuthutha zihlanganisa ukuthi utamatisi okhulayo walezi zinhlobonhlobo kulula, futhi awadingi izimo ezihle kakhulu.
Ngokusho kwabalimi, ukuhamba nge-Shuttle kunamaminithi amabili kuphela: hhayi iphunga elicebile kakhulu nokunambitha. Njengoba ubona, ukukhula utamatisi ezihlukahlukene zeShuttle kuyindlela elula, futhi uma uzama okungaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo, khona-ke isitshalo siyokujabulela ngesitshalo esingcono.
