Izakhamuzi zasezifundeni ezilawulwa yisimo sezulu esibi isikhathi eside asikwazanga ukuzijabulisa ngezitshalo ezithisa ukushisa.
Ukulethwa kwezinhlobo zamapayipi kunqatshelwe ukugxila emazweni ase-Ural naseSiberia.
Ngakho-ke, abalimi baye bathola izinhlobo ezikhethekile ukumelana kokubili frost nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Omunye wabo ukhona I-Uralochka pear - Incazelo egcwele yezinhlobonhlobo, izithombe zezithelo kanye nokubuyekezwa kwabalimi esikhathini esizayo kulesi sihloko.
Uhlobo luni lwamapheya alubhekisela?
Uralochka - i-autumn ekwindla ezinhlobonhlobo ezincane-fruited. Ukuvuna livuthiwe ngomhlaka wamashumi amabili kaSeptembaIhlala emagatsheni okwesikhashana, kuze kube yizinsuku eziyishumi, bese iwa khona kanye. Izithelo zigcinwa ngokwanelisayo - ngaphansi kwezimo - futhi hhayi isikhathi eside, hhayi ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu.
INoyabrskaya, Osennaya Yakovleva, Marble, Pamyati Zhegalova noLarinskaya nabo bangokwezinhlobo zekwindla.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Uhlobo lwe-Uralochka eliphakathi kwe-pear lwakhiwa yizazi ze-Southern Urals ku I-Research Institute yezithelo ezikhulayo nezamazambane ezikhula E.A. Falkerberg, L.I. I-Bolotova no-MA Mazunin.
"Ubaba nomama" Uralochka - izinhlobo 41-15-9 (Ussuriisk pear noSeveryanka. Indawo yokukhula - ikakhulukazi I-Ural ne-Western Siberia, ifika eMpumalanga Ekude. Ikhulile hhayi kuphela ngabathengi bezentengiselwano, kodwa futhi ngabalimi be-amateur.
Amapheya Uralochka, Svarog, Krasnobakaya, Inkumbulo Yakovlev noTyom bazizwa kahle kulezi zifunda.
Incazelo izinhlobo Uralochka
Cabanga ngokwehlukana ukubonakala komuthi nezithelo.
Isihlahla
Umuthi ugcwele igxolo elimnyama elimnyama, elihlukile ukuphakama kwesilinganiso - ubuningi bamamitha angu-5.
I-angle yokuphambukisa yamagatsha avela esiqwini cishe ama-degree angu-90. Baleka brown, okushiwo kancane, behamba, bezungeza.
Chechevichek kancane, bambalwa.
Leli qabunga alifani neze ngobukhulu obukhulu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, olune-wavy, ne-melkoopilchaty.
Unomumo we-ellipse, ubuso obushelelezayo obumhlophe, obukhomba ekugcineni.
I-Petioles encane, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Isithelo
Izithelo encane - esiphezulu sama-50 g, ifomu elifanele eliphakathi kwe-pear, umbala we-amber.
Inyama ye-peyari i-creamy, i-juicy, i-grained-grained, iphunga elimnandi, enambitheka okumnandi futhi kunenani elikhulu elimnyama ngaphakathi.
Isiqu siyingcosana, sinamathele kancane, sivela emgodini ongajulile. Imbali encane, umbala omnyama ophuzi.
Isithombe
Izici
I-Uralochka ayesabi isithwathwa, noma //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, noma ubusuku obubandayo, noma ama-frosts entwasahlobo.
Kancane kancane ukumelana nokuhlaselwa isilwane samantombazane. I-Uralochka kahle impova.
I-pollinators engcono kakhulu yama-pearl ase-Uralochka Amakhulu eminyaka ubudala futhi Hung.
Izithelo ze-parthenocarpic zivame ukuboshwa. Uqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka wesine, ngokushesha ubonisa ukuzala kwayo.
U-Uralochka oneminyaka engu-7 ubudala unikeza u-40 kg wezitshalo ezivela emthini. Ukuphikiswa kwe-Frost - ukunciphisa 45-48 degrees Celsius.
"Hlanganisa" ikhasi eliphakathi kwe-scion lika-Ussuri eliphakathi kwe-pear kanye ne-budding.
Kudinga ukusika izihlahla ezincane - ngenhloso ehlelekile, futhi ngokuvuselela - umuthi omdala. Ayithandi isomiso.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamapheya zihlukaniswa okuhle okuhle kwe-frost: i-Duchess, i-Yakovlevskaya, i-Fairy Spectacle, i-Tonkovetka ne-Silent Don.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Umuthi wesikhathi esizayo udinga "indlu yombumba." Umgodi ophakathi kwepeysi ukhishwa kusengaphambili, makume ume ukuze ungaqhubeki futhi ukuhlelwa kuwo kuphelile. Ubukhulu - cishe ngo-100x50 cm isikhonkwane sezinkuni sifakwa phakathi.
Uma inhlabathi ilula, kuyodingekaNginalo ungqimba lwamanzi, khona-ke ungqimba lwezakhi. Uma eyomile, amanzi akudingekile, ngenkathi ingxube yezakhi zomhlabathi neye-humus ingeziwe umquba we-phosphorus-potassium nomlotha.
Lesi sigaba, ngaphezu kwengxenye yaso eyinhloko, senza futhi umsebenzi we-disinfection - Kungenzeka ukuthi izimpande ze-sapling zalimala ngesikhathi sokutshala. Inhlabathi enomsoco kufanele ixutshwe ngokuphelele. Uma ungenjalo, ungashisa izimpande zamakhemikhali.
Umgodi ugcwala ingxenye yesithathu, inhlabathi enomsoco ihlelwe entabeni, insimu itshalwe kulendaba. Kumele igcwaliswe ukuze intamo impande ingaphansi kwamamentimitha angu-3-6 ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi.
Izimpande kufanele ziqondiswe. I-sapling ihlanganiswe ne-cola yezinkuni efakwe emgodini.
Njengoba utshale ipeyari, kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa kahle, futhi umhlaba owuzungezile udinga ukunyatheliswa ngezinyawo. Emgodini, yenza umqubu webumba.
Imbewu ayinakuzivikela kakhulu, uyayidinga ukuvikela kusuka ekushiseni, kubanda, namagundane. Isihlahla seminyaka yokuqala yokuphila kuhle ukucasha eqhweni.
Kudingeka ukondle ikhasi uma uqala ukuthela izithelo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Naphezu kokuthi u-Uralochka "uyintombazane" eqinile, usadinga ukuvikelwa. Enye yezinkinga ezimbi kunazo zonke zamapheya yilokho okuthiwa "i-Antonov fire", kunjalo Umdlavuza omnyama Ukuze uzivikele kuye, udinga isikhathi ukuqoqa nokushisa amaqabunga awile, ukuvimbela amabhaktheriya ukuba angene.
Uma uqaphela ukuthi umuthi uyagula, izindawo ezithintekile kufanele ziqedwe ngommese obukhali, kuyilapho kuthatha izicubu ezinempilo. Amanxeba kudingeka ahlanzwe i-sulphate yethusi noma ukumboza ngenhlanganisela yobumba ne-mullein.
Okunye ukuhlaselwa - manilioz. Ukufafaza kuqhuma Ingxube yeBordeaux noma ikhambi le-chloride yethusi. Asikwazi ukuzinakekelwa ngesikhathi esifanele ukususwa kwama-padans namahlamvu awile.
Eyingozi ku-Uralochka nalokho okuthiwa ukugqwala. Ngokumelene naye, umuthi entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga ewa, aphihliwe Bordeaux liquid noma sulfure.
"Abangane" bakudala bezithelo bayokuzibiza bona - amabhu kanye nezinambuzane zenduku. Ungalwa nabo ngokuphalaza amahlumela ngamakhemikhali afana nalokhu I-Tsimbush noma i-colloidal sulfure.
Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezifo zingaziqhayisa izinhlobo: I-Cathedral, i-Krasulia, iLada, i-Elegant Efimova ne-Otradnenskaya.
I-Uralochka iyoba yindabuko yangempela ngisho nasendlini yesimini se-novice. Akusikho into ehlwanyelayo noma ekunakekeleni ayikho into eyinkimbinkimbi, okwanele nje ukulandela imithetho eminingi elula.
Isihlahla, njenganoma yimuphi umfundi, sidinga ukunakekelwa nokuvikelwa ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokuthi kuzobuna kuphi.
Kodwa konke lokhu kulula, ubuchwepheshe bufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izifo azikwazi ukuqaliswa - zikhula ngokushesha, futhi izidumbu zizobhubhisa umuthi ngokushesha uma zinikwa mahhala.
