Ama-apula amakhulu futhi anamanzi ensimini yakho - ezihlukahlukene zasebusika zaseMoscow

I-apula ehlukahlukene yaseMoscow ebusika iyaziwa kabanzi phakathi kwabalimi bezimboni.

Izinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko: ukunambitheka okumnandi nokugcina isikhathi eside izithelo eziqhekekile.

Izihlahla ze-Apple zalesi sigaba ziletha isivuno esihle futhi zizojabulisa abalimi iminyaka eminingi.

Uhlobo luni?

Apple Trees kungokwezihlobo ze-autumn zama-apula. Ukuvuna kufanele kuqale ukuqoqa ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ngalesi sikhathi, izithelo zithola isisindo esihle sama gramu angu-120.

Ukuvuna kufanele kwenziwe ezinyathelweni, ngakho konke izithelo zinezikhathi zokuvuthwa. Ama-apula ahlaziye kahle agcinwe. Indawo engcono kakhulu yokugcina kuyoba yisilamu. Gcina izidingo ze-apula ngamabhokisi enkuni.

Ibhodi: Ungalondolozi ama-apula emasakeni epulasitiki.

Ukuvota

Izihlahla ze-Apple zalolu hlobo impova yizinambuzane. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuvota impova, baphuma iphunga elimnandi kakhulu, eliheha inani elikhulu lezinyosi.

Incazelo izinhlobo Moscow winter

Abalimi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-apula asebusika alula kakhulu.

Lezi apula ngokubukeka kwazo zifakazela okuphambene.

Izihlahla ze-Apple zalesi sigaba ziphezulu kakhulu. Umqhele wabo ukhululekile, uhlangothi. Amagatsha aphezulu kakhulu.

Amahlumela amancane awancane, anombala. Amaqabunga kunokukhanya okukhulu, umbala omnyama oluhlaza. Ipuleti leLeaf igubhe kakhulu, ishicilelwe kakhulu.

Amaphethelo epuleti aphikisiwe kakhulu. I-inflorescence isayizi obukhulu, pink.

Umbala we-apula uhlaza, kepha njengoba uvuthwa ubuhlaza obomvana bubonakala. Izithelo zikhulu kakhulu, zenzeke nxazonke. Izimbambo azikhulunywanga.

Isikhumba sinobukhulu obuphakathi, bushelelezi kuze kuthinte. Amachashaza amancane angaphansi komhlaba abonakala phezu kwawo wonke ama-apula.

Imbewu yinkampani encane, imbewu yezinhlobo ezivaliwe. I-saucer isayizi olingene, flat. Umcibisholo awujulile, unyaka obuncane nxazonke emaphethelweni. Inyama iyamnandi futhi iyomuncu, isinyene, imhlophe.

Isithombe

Izithombe eziningana ongabona ukubonakala kwazo:

Umlando wokuzala

Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Apple zaseMoscow Winter zatholakala ngesisekelo seMoscow State University. Mv ULomonosov ngo-1963. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha ezibandakanya i-SI Isaev.

Izihlahla ze-Apple zalezi zihlukahlukene zatholakala ngesisekelo sokuwela izinhlobo ze-Welsey ne-Antonovka. Ukuhlolwa kwakhethwa izihlahla ezingu-15 zomama ezihlukahlukene eminyakeni eyi-10.

Esikhundleni sezinhlobonhlobo zikababa kwenziwa u-Antonovka ovamile. Phakathi nesikhumba, izinhlobonhlobo zamama - uWelsey wayevotelwa kabili yizinhlobonhlobo zikababa. Kokubili impova yaphumelela, futhi umbelethi wakwazi ukuqoqa imbewu yezinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid.

Ngaphambi kokutshala okunye, imbewu yahlanjululwa kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuMashi. Imbewu yatshalwa ezimweni ezinzima ukunikeza izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokumelana nesithwathwa.

Ukunakekela izithombo zezinhlobonhlobo ezintsha kwenziwa ngokusho kwendlela yomcebisi.

Isizinda sokukhula kwemvelo nokuzivumelanisa nezici kwezinye izindawo

Isifunda semvelo yokukhula kwemvelo yasebusika eMoscow - iRussia Central. Izinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe ngokukhethekile ekukhuleni kulesi sifundazwe, kodwa ngenxa yokumelana nesithwathwa, ibuye iguquke kahle ezindaweni ezimozulu.

Uma ezihlukahlukene zikhula ezimweni zesomiso, ngakho-ke ukulungiswa kwayo okusheshayo, ukuchelela okuningi kuyadingeka.. Njengoba ama-apula athola izakhi ezisuka enhlabathini ngendlela ehlakazekile, afisa inhlabathi evundile neyomanzi.

Ngokuntuleka komswakama, i-apula ayikwazi ukuqoqa inani elidingekile lezinto eziwusizo, okungaholela ekunciphiseni kwe-apula.

Ezimweni ezinzima, inhlabathi impofu kakhulu futhi kunezakhi ezimbalwa kuzo. Ngakho-ke, uma ulungisa izimo ezibandayo kudingeka uqinisekise ukudla njalo.

Ukuze kulungiswe isithombo sembewu encane, ukufaka umanyolo kudinga ukwenziwa 2 ngonyaka. Ebusika, umhlabathi ozungeze isithombo kufanele uhlotshwe kahle ngamahlamvu ukuze izimpande ze-apula encane zingafaki.

Ukuthela

Ezihlukahlukene zasebusika eMoscow kusebenza ekuzinikeleni okuphezulu. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zizoletha izithelo zokuqala eziyiminyaka engama-6 emva kokudlula. Imifino yokuvuna iphezulu kakhulu; ngokukhula ezimweni ezihle, cishe ama-kilogram ayi-80 ama-apula angavuna esihlahleni esisodwa.

Lokhu kuhlukahluka kukhula njalo ngonyaka, kepha uma uneminyaka yobudala be-apula imvamisa ye-fruiting iyancipha. Izitshalo ezivuthiwe izithelo - 120 amagremu.

Ama-apula athengwe isikhathi eside agcina izici zawo. Kuhle ukuthi leli banga lifanelekile ukudayiswa.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

Ukuze uphendule umuthi wakho we-apula ube phakathi kwensimu, udinga ukuwunakekela njalo.

Izinhlobo ze-Apple zasebusika zaseMoscow kulula ukutshala. Abazithobekile endaweni yokukhula, kodwa nokho indawo enhle kunazo zonke yezihlahla ze-apula izokhanya kahle.

Izihlahla ze-Apple akufanele zihambisane nezinye izihlahla zezithelo.

Izithombo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zingcono kakhulu ezitshalwe ekwindla kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba kuya ku-Okthoba. Ukuze utshale, udinga ukulungisa izimbiza ngobubanzi bemitha eyi-1, nokujula kwamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-60.

Umhlabathi emgodini kufanele ukhule futhi ukhuphuke kalula. Emva kokutshala, umuthi we-apula udinga ukuphuziswa kahle, lokhu kuzosiza ukusheshisa ukujwayela kwayo.

Ukunakekela i-apula akuyona inzima kakhulu, kodwa isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuthi kufanele sibe olunzulu. Ukweqa okungenani into eyodwa yokunakekelwa, ngokushesha ufake i-apula yakho engozini.

Imiphumela eyinhloko yokunakekela okungalungile kubandakanya ukutholakala kwezifo ezihlukahlukene kanye nokuhlasela kwezinambuzane.

Ukunakekelwa okufanele kufanele kufake izinyathelo ezinjalo.:

1. Entwasahlobo: ukuhlolwa kwesihlahla; ukususwa kwamagatsha awonakele, ukwelashwa kwamanxeba.
2. Ehlobo: ukuchelela okuvamile, ukuphathwa kwezinambuzane, ukukhulula nokuhlanza inhlabathi ezungeze isihlahla.
3. Ekwindla: ukugcoba i-trunk, ukukhulelwa.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Izinhlobo ze-Apple zasebusika zaseMoscow hhayi kabi. Zifana nesikhumba. Ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile, izifo ezifana nalezi:

1. I-Cytosporosis. Ukulwa ne-cytosporosis kufanele kube nzima. Ngaphambi kokuba ifihlekile ivule, i-apula kufanele ihlungwe nge-Hom, futhi ngaphambi kokuchichima isisombululo se-sulphate yethusi.
2. Ukushisa amabhaktheriya. Isiza sokuqala esihlahleni esinokushisa amabhaktheriya ukubhujiswa kwesilonda. Amagatsha abathintekayo kumele asuswe futhi umuthi we-apula ngokwawo kufanele ususwe nge-disinfected.
3. Umdlavuza omnyama. Lapho sibhekene nomdlavuza omnyama, amagatsha awonakele kufanele aqedwe, futhi amagxolo awonakele asusiwe. Amanxeba kumele aphulukiswe, futhi umuthi kufanele uphathwe nge-disinfected.

Izinambuzane zingabhubhisani isitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi i-apula ngokwayo. Izinyathelo zokulawula izinambuzane eziyisisekelo:

1. I-aphid eluhlaza. Ukuze ubhubhise ama-aphid, udinga ukufuthola isihlahla ngokukhipha ugwayi noma isisombululo sensipho yasendlini.
2. Apple Mole. Ukufafaza umuthi ngesisombululo se-chlorophos kungabhubhisa lesi sifo.
3. Isikhwama sephepha. Lezi zinambuzane zilimaza ngokuyinhloko emaqabunga. Isixazululo kuphela se-nitrophene singakwazi ukubhekana nayo.
4. Apple Blossom. Ukuze ulondoloze izimbali kanye ne-ovary, i-apula kufanele ihlanjululwe ngesisombululo seCarbofos noma i-Chlorophos.

Ukubamba iqhaza, singasho ukuthi izinhlobo ze-apula zaseMoscow zasebusika zihle kakhulu ekuzaleni izimboni.

Lezi zihlukahlukene zivame ukutholakala emashalofini esitolo, njengoba ukubukeka kwesikhala eside nokubonakala komkhiqizo kwenza kube nenzuzo kakhulu ekuthengiseni.