I-pear epholile - isivakashi esivela emazweni aseRussia, i-cactus enesimo esiyingqayizivele, esingavamile.
Iqukethe izingxenye ezinama-disc ezinama-piled.
Ihlanganiswe nge-spines kanye ne-glochidia (izinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu).
Kuyinto isitshalo sibonakala singavamile futhi ngisho kancane emangalisa.
Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokunakekela ekhaya nge-Opuntia cactus, njengoba isithombe sizohanjiswa.
Ukuze abatshali bembali babe nama-pearly pears banesithakazelo futhi ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zehlathi, kodwa futhi ngenxa yentuthuko engalindelekile.
Amahlumela akhe ngezinye izikhathi akhula ezindaweni ezingalindelekile, ngakho-ke isihlahla ngasinye, esikhulayo, siba yinto ehlukile ngokuphelele.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Ikhalenda le-Cactus
NgoJanuwari - Februwari
Isikhathi esinzima sabo bonke i-cacti, bayaphumula.
Ngenxa yokungabi nokukhanya, lesi sitshalo singancipha, ulahlekelwe izimpande ezincane.
Qaphela ngokucophelela isimo sesilwane ngezinambuzane noma izifo. Ungavumeli inhlabathi iphele.
Ekupheleni kukaFebruwari, ungahlwanyela imbewu yokuqala yokudla.
Mashi
Isikhathi sokuvusa amapheya. Izinsuku ezikhanyayo ziyeza. I-cactus iqala isikhathi sokukhula.
Qala ukusihlanza ngamanzi afudumele kusuka ebhodleleni le-spray. Ilanga ngalesi sikhathi sesishisa, kanti lesi sitshalo asijwayele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho kufanele kube pritenyat kancane.
Nqunywe emahlumela aphakathi kwe-prickly avela phakathi nobusika.
Ukudubula kuyadingeka ukufeza isihlahla esihle.
April
Qaphela ukutshala izibonelo ezintsha. Akusikho ukufaka amakhophi okufakelwa kabusha.
May
Inyanga ukukhula kwembali okusebenzayo. Ngalesi sikhathi kubalulekile ukunikeza izimo zokuthuthukiswa kwayo okugcwele.
Imbali ayisadingeki, ake ithukuthelwe ngaphansi kwemisebe eshisayo.
Izitshalo isetshenziswe. Kuyathandeka ngokuthuthukiswa kokuhamba emoyeni omusha, ngokuvamile ukuyikhuthazelela. Noma kunjalo, khetha kuqala amahora asekuseni nesimo sezulu esibhakabhakeni.
Juni - Julayi
Sekuyisikhathi sokutshala izitshalo.
Ukugonywa kuzosiza ukwelapha izihlahla ezilimazekile, izozivuselela, zizokhuthaza ukukhula nokuqhakaza.
Lesi yisikhathi sokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kanye nezimbali zama-peckly pears, ngakho-ke kudingeka uzinakekele ngokukhethekile izimo ezidingekayo zokuphila kwazo.
Agasti
Isikhathi sokukhula sesiphelile. Udinga ukulukhuni isitshalo ukuze ululungiselele ebusika, ngakho-ke qaphela ukuqinisekisa ukuhlukanisa ebusuku kanye namazinga okushisa emini.
Lokhu kuzosiza i-pear priarly ukuba ikhuni. Yondla ngesilwane sakho ngesilwane esikhulu semanyolo. i-potassium ne-phosphorus.
Septemba
Isikhathi sokuyeka ukudla.
Nciphisa ukuchelela.
Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sinamandla kakhulu.
Futhi ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ebusuku.
Ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba, amakhophi asemhlabeni ovulekile, abuyela endlini.
Okthoba
Ukunisela kunciphise kancane.
Yenza ukucubungulwa kokugcina kwezibulala-zinambuzane.
Novemba
Ipeyinti elimnyama liyeka ukukhula - libeke ekamelweni elipholile nelomile.
Uma isimo sezulu sisavumela, qhubeka uhamba.
Disemba
U-Opuntia walala, ashiye yedwa. Ungaphazamisi, ungalungisi futhi ungaphenduki.
Izimbali
Endle, ezweni lakubo leli cactus izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, ezikhanyayo, futhi, isikhathi eside kakhulu - kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kwekwindla.
Ekhaya, ukubona izimbali zaleli cala elimele alikwazi njalo.
Ngezinye izikhathi amaqabunga angabonakali avela kuwo, kodwa ngokuvamile angafinyeleli izimbali ezigcwele.
Ifihlekile ichitheka, ingakaze ikhule, noma iqhuma esikhundleni sayo.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?
Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu ubusika obungalungile.
Amahlumela amahlumela amahle ahlelwe, kusukela ngoNovemba, futhi aqhubeke kuze kube ngoMashi.
Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokungakwazi, abalimi abaningi abakwenzi lokhu futhi baziphathe ngokujwayelekile njengesitshalo: ugcine egumbini elifanayo njengasehlobo, phenduka, amanzi.
Esinye isizathu - ibhodwe elikhulu kakhulu. Ezimpandeni kukhona indawo yokukhula, ngakho-ke zikhula, esikhundleni sokuphumula nokubeka amaqabunga.
Futhi futhi kuyingozi kumuntu oyedwa noma yikuphi ukuphenduka kwesimo sokuqala.
Ehlangothini elikhanyayo waqala ukubeka abantwana, futhi ohlangothini olumnyama - amafihlethi. Futhi isazi sezimbali sanquma ukuthuthukisa isimo sesitshalo.
Futhi zonke iziqu, eziboshwe emthunzini ziphenduka izingane.
Umphumela: izingane eziningi ezinhlangothini zombili, azikho izimbali.
Ngezinye izikhathi amaqabunga aqala ukuthuthukisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kusesebusika ekhalendeni, i-cactus ayiphuziswa, futhi amaqabunga aphelile, angakaze ahlakazeke.
Indlela yokufeza izimbali? Ukuze wenze i-peckly pear yakho ikhule, zama lokhu okulandelayo:
ibhodlela kufanele lisondele. Ngisho noma izimpande ziphuma emgodini wokukhipha, ungawuhlwanyisi isitshalo kuze kube yimpande zigcwalise imbiza ngokugcwele;- isitshalo kufanele sibusika ekushiseni kanye no-6 - 10 degrees;
- ukuphuza amapayipi amancane avela phansi kusukela ngo-September, ngesikhathi sasebusika, ungabi nhlobo amanzi, ulondoloze umswakama womoya, ungasebenzisa i-humidifier;
- uma inhlabathi iqala ukomisa, imise kancane kancane kodwa kanye kanye ngenyanga;
- ungaphenduki futhi ungadlulisi i-peck prickly kwenye indawo, uma ngesizathu esithile udinga ukuhlelwa kabusha, uwubeke ekukhanyeni ngecala elifanayo njengoba kwakungaphambili;
- hlola imbali ngokucophelela phakathi nobusika, lapho kuvela amaqabunga, qala ukuchelela ekuqalenilokho okufanele kube khona;
- ngemuva kokushisa, uma uthatha i-cactus ekushiseni, uyithunzi ukuze ungabangeli ukushisa nokomisa amafihledi;
- yibeke ngendlela eyayiyo ebusika, okungukuthi, ohlangothini olufanayo ekukhanyeni, ngoba ngapha nangapha izimbali zikhula;
- Ungadli isitshalo ngokushesha emva kokubanda, ukuze kungabangeli ukukhula okusebenzayo.
ibhodlela kufanele lisondele. Ngisho noma izimpande ziphuma emgodini wokukhipha, ungawuhlwanyisi isitshalo kuze kube yimpande zigcwalise imbiza ngokugcwele;Ukufometha
Masinyane emva kokuqhakaza, zibandakanya izingxenyana ze-peckly eziphazamisayo ukuze zinike isimo esihle.
Okuqukethwe ekhaya
Ukuze kube nenhlalakahle, amapheya ama-prickly kufanele afakwe endaweni ekhanyayo, ngaphandle kwalokho uzokwelula futhi abe obala.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, thola indawo ecacile ye-cactus, unqume iziqu ezixubile.
Ukushisa okuphakathi kwamapayipi ehlobo - ama-degree angu-30.
Namanzi i-cactus kanye ngesonto.
Kusukela kokunisela okunye kuya kwesinye, izwe kufanele lome.
I-pear epholile idinga umoya omusha, ngakho-ke faka ikamelo njalo.
Uma kunokwenzeka, yenza usuku ngaphandle emgodini noma emgwaqweni.
Isithombe
Isithombe ngezansi sibonisa abameleli abakhulu be-Opuntia cactus:
Ukufakelwa
Kubalulekile ukutshala i-pear prickly njalo ngonyaka. Ukufakelwa ngakunye kwenziwa ebhodweni 1-2 cm ngaphezulu odlulecishe Ungathathi masinyane umthamo omkhulu, lesi sitshalo sidinga kancane kancane, ukuze kokubili ingxenye engenhla kanye nesistimu yempande ikhule ngendlela efanayo.
Isikhala esikhulu sezimpande sizoholela ekuthuthukiseni kwabo ngokushesha, kanti umqhele ngeke ukhule.
Ngokushesha nje ubumba ububanzi buzofinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-15sinciphise ukuphindwa kabusha kuze kube yinye isikhathi eminyakeni emibili.
Ukutshala izihlahla kwenziwa ngendlela yokushintshwa. Ungagudli umhlabathi omdala kusuka ezimpandeni, ngakho-ke kuyoba lula ukuthi isitshalo sikwazi ukujwayela nokukhula.
Uma ubona ukufa kwezingxenye ezithile zempande, udinga ukuzisusa, ngaphandle kwalokho zizokwelapha ingxenye ephilile.
Inhlabathi yaloluhlobo lwe-cacti kufanele iqukethe ubumba - izingxenye ezimbili, isihlabathi - inxenye eyodwa.
Thatha isihlabathi sasolwandle, ukwakha ngeke kusebenze. Ukuze uthuthukise izakhi ze-bactericidal nokuxoshwa, kuyadingeka ukwengeza kancane.
Qaphela ngokucophelela ukuthi umhlaba awuqukethe izinsalela zezimpande zakudala, kufanele abe nephunga elisha. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, umhlabathi uhloswe ngokusebenzisa indlela yokugeza yamanzi, eyomile futhi ishushu.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Yondla lesi sitshalo kanye ngenyanga, kuphela ngenkathi ekhulayo, ngamanyolo akhethekile we-cacti. Ukubunjwa kudinga i-phosphorus, i-potassium.
KUBALULEKILE. Ungasebenzisi ama-organic fertilizer for cactus. I-nitrogen iyaphikisana, kuzoholela ekuboyeni kwezimpande.
Ukuzala
Cuttings
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapareyi ama-prickly nge-cuttings kwenziwa kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ehlobo, izithombe namavidiyo ngezansi. Isiqu asikho emthethweni kusukela kumzali womzali.
Amahlumela athathwa emahlumela asuka noma avela phezulu. Izinhlamvu eziphathwa ngamalahle. Emva kwalokho, ingxenye yosuku olomisiwe.
Isiqu sigxuma esihlabathini esimanzi, sigcwele i-cap ebonakalayo.
Ukushisa ngesikhathi sokusekela ukuhluma hhayi ezingaphezu kuka-20 degrees.
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa komhlabathi, umhlaba endaweni enkulu.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Yakhiwe kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Meyi. Ukuze uhlwanyele, thatha ibhodlela eliphahleni, ngezimbobo ezansi. Thela ungqimba lwamanzi, kuwo ungqimba lomhlabathi ohlanganisa i-turf, ishlabathi nodaka.
Kudingeka futhi ukwengeza amalahle ngokuchithwa kwe-disinfection.
I-Condense inhlabathi, bese uthela enye ingqimba encane engavamile - lokhu kungenziwa nge-sieve ehlabayo.
Khona-ke ama-grooves efafazwe kancane nenhlabathi futhi ehambelana ne-spray.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-cacti nazo zanda ngambewu: Ferocactus, Ukubuyiselwa, i-Cereus, i-Decembrist.
Ukumboza ipuleti ngeglasi noma eplastiki bese ubeka endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo. Kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kwemisebe eqondile yelanga, ukuqeda umphumela wokushisa. Ingqimba ephezulu kufanele ihlale ihambelana ngamanzi abilisiwe. Kanye ngesonto, faka izitshalo emanzini.
Ukuze kuhlume kahle kufanele kube umehluko phakathi nosuku (ama-degree angu-25-30) nobusuku obungama-18-19 degrees).
Ngokuqala kwamahlumela baqala kancane kancane ukujwayela emoyeni.
Ukuvula kuqala imizuzu engu-5 kuya kwemi-10, bese-ke imizuzu engu-20-30 ngosuku.
Ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva, ingilazi isusiwe, ikhava izithombo ebusuku.
Ukusuka ukushisa izithombo pritenyayut.
Khetha ukhiqiza lapho izitshalo ziqala izinhlanzi zokuqala. Abasuse emhlabathini ngesikhuni noma imfoloko.
Amazwe asusiwe kusuka emahlathini, izimpande ziqondiswe ukuze zingaphenduli phezulu. Emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, ungafaki izitshalo elangeni, ungawasebenzisi.
Ukugonywa
I-Opuntia iyinhlangano enhle kakhulu. Kufanele ibe nempilo, ngesistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile kahle.
Ukugonywa kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ekuseni, ngosuku olumile olushisayo. Ngaphambi kokuxhunyelelwa isitokisi siphuziswa kahle.
Thatha i-blade bese uyisula ngotshwala. Sika phezulu kwesitoko. Ehlwini lokunquma uthathe ingxenye ephansi nezimpande.
Beka i-graft esitokisini ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba yome.
Zama ukuhlanganisa izindandatho zezinhlamvu zombili zombili izingxenye. Uma isikhungo singahambisani, ngeke sisebenze.
Ngemuva kwakho konke okudingayo ukulungisa. Yenza nge-band ye-raber, yehla. Beka ucezu lwekotini ngaphansi kwegamu esitokisini. Esikhundleni segamu, ungasebenzisa i-punch.
Ngemuva kokugoma idizayini ihlanganiswe ngendoda yesilazi futhi ifakwe endaweni efudumele. Ngakho ubambe cishe izinsuku ezingu-12. I-graft cacti ingamanzi, futhi ehambelana nokucwiliswa ketshezi.
Ividiyo elandelayo ichaza ukukhiqizwa kwezingane:
Izifo
Isitha esikhulu eliphakathi kwe-peckly eliphakathi kwe- ukhuntakubangela ukubola. Izimpande zakhiwa ezimpandeni, i-fungus isakazeka ngesivinini esikhulu. Amanxeba aphenduka obomvu, bese emile.
Grey ukubola futhi kaningi kuphazamisa amapheya amancane. Izicubu zezitshalo bola, khula isikhunta.
Izinqubo zikaPutrid zivuswa ukugcoba ngokweqile kwenhlabathi noma ukutheleleka kwezinye izitshalo. Isitshalo esibulalayo siphonswa ngaphandle, asikwazi ukwelashwa.
Lapho izindawo ezincane zalesi sifo zivela, isitshalo siphathwa nge-fungicide. Uma isifo sitholakale, i-specimen ihlukaniswe kusukela enempilo futhi ngokushesha. yenza ukuvimbela yonke iqoqo.
Izinambuzane
Ngokushesha hlola ikhophi esanda kutholakala ngeglasi yokukhulisa ukukhipha ukutholakala kwama-parasites kuso.
On pear oyinyumba ekhula eMexico aphid wanda ngobuningi.
Saqaphela umuntu, senze ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuphindaphinda kwezinambuzane.
Into enzima kunazo zonke ukuqothula i-cactus mite.
Ukuba khona kwakhe kubonakaliswa ngemikhuba ebonakala njenge-rust stains.
Ungawubhubhisa ngokuwahlamba ngamanzi afudumele bese ukwelapha ngesixazululo sokunxila noma amakhemikhali anobuthi (Fufanon, Aktellik).
Olunye uhlobo lwezinambuzane yi-worm. Melana naye ngezindlela ezifanayo.
Kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nenhliziyo b ehlelekile ohlelweni lwempande. Mayelana nokuba khona kwayo kusho ukuyeka ukukhula noma ukuntuleka kwezimbali.
Wabona ama-cocoons amhlophe ezimpandeni - kunjalo ama-grubs. Bawageze hot, 45 degrees, amanzi. Ungasebenzisa amakhemikhali anobuthi.
Amanzi ashisayo azokusindisa kusuka kuma-nematodes. Lezi zinambuzane zihlala ezimpandeni futhi ziyasiphuza ijusi.
Kuthathwa ngezimpande zama-cones noma ama-nodules asundu - kubhubhise njengezimpungushe zezinambuzane.
I-Aphid - inkathazoesiphuza ijusi kusuka ku-Opuntia. Lezi zinambuzane ezinombala obomvu zakha ama-koloni wonke emahlumela, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezingenhla.
Okuvame ukugcwala ama-aphid yizitshalo ezikhulile emoyeni ovulekile.
Kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi abesifazane - ofuna, iqhuma ngefasitela, noma ifika esitshalweni esisuka kwenye, isifo.
Omunye wesifazane uveza amakhulu amabhubhu.Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sihlanganisa ngokushesha i-opuntia futhi siqala ukukhipha ama-juice.
Ama-aphid, avela ezinombolweni ezincane, angahlushwa futhi abhujiswe. Izindawo ezikhuthele kakhulu kufanele zisuswe..
Izindawo oye wasusa ngazo ama-aphid ngokuzenzekelayo, ugeze ngamanzi bese uhlanjululwa ngesepha.
Louse ibhubhise I-Aktaroy, i-Akarinom, i-Iskra.
Ngokuvamile, ukuhweba kwanamuhla kunika izidakamizwa eziningi ukulwa nezinambuzane zezitshalo zasendlini. Ukuzikhethela kungokwakho.
Futhi kusukela ezindleleni ezindala kungancoma karbofos. Kunendlela evamile yokuvimbela. Beka i-pelargonium enomsindo eduze kwepear prickly. Ama-aphid azophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Isiphetho
Isitshalo esiphathekayo - isitshalo esingenakuzithoba. Ngisho ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi, kuzokhula.
Izokhula, kodwa izoqhakaza kuphela futhi ibukeke exotic uma ulandela izincomo zokuyikhuphula.
Yithanda imbali yakho, uyinakekele, futhi iyokunika ubuhle bayo.
