Utshani - isakhiwo sezwe esinotshani obuswe, esakhiwe ngokuhlwanyela imbewu ekhethiwe ngokukhethekile yamakhambi ahlukahlukene, okuyisici se-landscape design.
Izici ze-Grass zenzelwe utshani
Utshani obuningi - Ingxenye yembewu yotshani eklanyelwe ukwenza utshani, eyenziwa ngabachwepheshe. Ukukhethwa kwalezi zimbewu kwenziwa iminyaka eminingi, futhi isilinganiso esadingeka sasizimisele ukuhlola.
Izitshalo ezakha isembozo sensimbi zakhiwe ngokuhambisana nemibandela yendawo ethize yezwe nezendawo, okuvumela izitshalo ukuba zivumelane nezimo zezulu izici zesifunda esithile. Inzuzo ebalulekile yukuthi utshani obuntshani abudingi ukuhlwanyelwa njalo ngonyaka, luyakwazi ukulima, okungukuthi, lukhula ngokuzimela futhi luhlanganiswe nesembozo somnsana.
I-turf enamandla ivikela ukutholakala nokhula, okwenza umhlanga ube yifomu efanayo. Ama-herbs namaqabunga emifino enhle kakhulu futhi enesayizi encane, okwenza i-velvety yokugqoka, imelane nemithonya yangaphandle kanye nokukwazi ukubuyisela kalula isimo sayo sokuqala. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inani lamakhambi afanelekayo ekwakheni utshani lincane, kanti izinhlobo eziningi azifaneleki.
Ngakho-ke, uma uthenga am mix mix okwenziwe, kufanele ngokushesha ukunaka izinhlobo ezifakwe ekubunjweni kwabo. Ukushisa kwamahlobo ebusika noma ukushisa kwehlobo akufanele kube yingozi kulowo muthi, futhi akufanele sikhohlwe ngokunakekelwa okufanele.
Izinhlobo ze-lawn
Kunezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo zemifino, phakathi kwaphi iparter, ejwayelekile, imifino, ezemidlalo, amaMoor kanye nendima eziphawuleka ngokukhethekile, ngasinye esinezici zayo.
I-parterne
Indawo ye-Shady kanye nenqwaba yomswakama inobungozi emhlabathini. Kudinga ilanga elivamile, alibekezeli ukhula, futhi lidinga izinwele zonke izinsuku ezingu-10. Indawo yetshani yomhlabathi kufanele idlule endaweni yemibhede yemifula nemibhede yemifino, futhi kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuhamba nokuhlala kuyo. Ehlobo, kufanele ivikelwe ekudleni, futhi ebusika - kusuka ekuqandeni, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, le ndlela yilala enhle kakhulu yokuhlobisa.
Kungaba ngcono nakakhulu ukwephula utshani lomhlabathi phambi kwesigcawu sendlu noma phakathi nensimu enkulu, kodwa umgomo oyinhloko lapho ukhetha indawo ethile ukukhanya okuhle. Uma ulungiselela indawo emanzini, qiniseka ukuthi ususa zonke izinto zangaphandle ezingalimaza uhlelo lwempande. Kumele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kunciphisa ingozi yamapulangwe ngisho nasezimvula ezinkulu kakhulu, futhi ukungabi khona kwayo kuholela ekwakheni amabala aphuzi otshanini futhi kungabangela ukubola kwesistimu.
Ukunisela okuzenzekelayo kuyoba okubalulekile uma ufaka emakhanda amanzi angabonakali anisela. Ukuze uthole ukulahla okuphezulu kwesayithi kusuka kunokhula (i-thistle, hogweed), kubalulekile ukukhulula umhlabathi ekujuleni kwama-25 cm. Ukumba kungenziwa nge-block block, emva kwalokho umhlabathi ukhululiwe umlimi. Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuqeda ukhula ukukhipha inhlabathi engokwemvelo (kubalulekile ukususa ama-30 cm omhlaba omdala bese ufaka imfucuza, ishlabathi nomhlabathi omnyama endaweni yayo).
Ezinye izindlela zokulawulwa kokhula zibandakanya i-mulching, ipholisa inhlabathi futhi isebenzise imithi yokubulala ukhula.
Isibonelo, uhlelo lokusebenza i-herbicide "Roundup", akulimazi ngokuphelele emhlabathini futhi uzoxazulula kalula inkinga yokhula. Indawo iphathwa ngesimo sezulu, futhi izinyathelo zokuqapha: qiniseka ukugqoka i-gauze nokuphefumula amagilavu. Inani lalingu-120 ml ngalinye lamanzi ayi-10 l. Ngemuva kwesonto, lesi sakhiwo siphinde siguqule futhi siphinde siphonse. Ukuze kuvimbele ukukhula kokhula emaphethelweni entshonalanga, insimu yabo kufanele ihlukaniswe ne-rubble noma igravel encane.
Inhlanzi yokudla utshani - ingxenye eyinhloko yensimbi yeparterne, edinga inhlabathi ene-alkaline kanye neye-humus, nakuba engekho emhlabathini obuthakathaka (inhlabathi ingaxoshwa nge-chalk). I-fescue ebomvuokuyinto eyingxenye yamanqamu anjalo, izwa isidingo sokunisela njalo futhi ngeke ikhule kahle enhlabathini enamandla yobumba.
Imifuno engcono kunazo zonke zokupheka okuphilayo i-nitrogen (kuthuthukisa umbala utshani nekhwalithi) i-phosphorus (kuqinisa isitho se-vegetative, kwandisa ukulima) futhi i-potassium (ukwandisa ukuphikiswa okusanhlamvu kwesomiso nezifo). Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyadingeka njalo, kodwa okokuqala kusetshenziswe enhlabathini izinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela.
Izoba usizo ukugoqa (ukulungiswa komhlaba) ukuphazamisa inhlabathi. Indawo ebushelelekile ngaphandle kwama-tubercles kanye nama-depression ishaywa phansi ngokusebenzisa isisindo esinamandla (inqubo eyenziwa kuphela ngesimo sezulu esomile), futhi emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 bayanisela ngokufafaza (umswakama kufanele ungene ngaphansi kwe-25 cm emhlabathini) futhi utshalwe.
Ukuhamba ngesandla, ugandaganda noma i-horse seeder yenziwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ekuqaleni-ka-Meyi, lapho kungekho ingozi yokuqhwaza okungazelelwe. Ukuze kutholakale utshani obunembile kunazo zonke, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, indawo kufanele ibhalwe ezindaweni ezihamba phambili kuze kufike ku-2 m ububanzi. Ngemva kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ingcwatshwa emhlabathini nge-rake, bese igoqa kancane nge-roller yencwadi.
Okunye okuwusizo ukubamba i-mulchingngokuxuba i-peat, ishlabathi nesihlabathi. Le nqubo izokwandisa isendlalelo esivundile futhi ivikele ekuhlungeni ukhula. Isimo sezulu esingenamoya kuhle ukutshala utshani.
Ukunisela i-partern lawn yenziwa njalo kusihlwa, isebenzisa amanzi athambile, kanti umswakama omuhle kakhulu wehlabathi unomthelela ekuhlaleni. Ehlobo utshani buphuziswa kabili ngosuku: ekuseni nakusasa.
Izinwele Amagundane asetsheni ayenziwa ngamagundane ase-cylindrical lawn ahlangene nemivimbo ejikelezayo. Ukuze uthole indawo enkulu, kungcono ukhethe umkhwama wensimbi ngokubambelela okukhulu, okuzokwenza kube lula ukunakekelwa, nakuba kuzoba khona amasheya webhethri okwanele ezindaweni ezincane. Ukugaya kokuqala kwenziwa entwasahlobo, lapho utshani bufinyelela ku-8 cm ubude.
Umcibisholo we-lawn akuyona ingozi kumahlumela amancane, ngokuphambene nokunyathelisa ngesikhathi sokugqoka ukwandisa ukutshala utshani. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, basusa okuncane (okuphela kokuphela), kodwa kamuva bayadliwa lapho ukuphakama utshani kufinyelela cishe ngo-5 cm. Ukuqhuba njalo inqubo - ukuvimbela ukhula oluhle kakhulu. Ukwengeza, futhi kunikeza utshani ukubukeka kahle futhi kunomthelela ekubunjweni kwe-turf enamandla.
Ekunakekelweni kwegundane, iphuzu elibalulekile ukuhlanza ngesikhathi seqabunga, okubangela ukutshala utshani ngaphansi kweqhwa nokuwabulala entwasahlobo, kanye nokwenza i-sanding sanding, eyenza ngcono ukugeleza komoya emhlabathini bese kuwuqeda ukhula (inani lokwenza isanti ngalinye ngamamitha angu-100 liyi-0, 1 m³).
Izitshalo ezivamile
Ekubunjweni kwe-lawn evamile kuyaqhubeka i-ryegrass - okusanhlamvu okungapheli kanye ne-broadleaf, okungeziwe ngokungcola kwama-bentholes noma i-fescue. Izindlela zokukhula zezitshalo zalolu hlobo, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, zikhulu kakhulu kunabo bonke abanye, ngakho-ke lezinwele kufanele zenziwe njalo.
Ukuze utshani olujwayelekile, indawo evuliwe ngangokunokwenzeka ilanga kufanelekile, nakuba inhlabathi idinga ukuthuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo ze-agrotechnical kanye nokukhulelwa kwenhlabathi nge-microelements.
Ngemuva kwaloko, ihlala emanzini futhi inqamule umhlabathi owenziwe kahle, uphuze kahle futhi uwuhlanganise. Imbewu yokuhluma inhlabathi iyosizwa ukushisa kwenhlabathi okungaphansi kwe-+8 ° C, kanye nomswakama okhululekile nokushisa kwomoya okungaphezu kuka-+25 ° C.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokutshala utshani, kepha ngokusekelwe ebukhosini / ukungabikho kwemishini ekhethekile, kunezinketho ezimbili eziyinhloko phakathi kwazo: ngesandla noma nge-seeder ekhethekile. Imbewu ifinyelela emhlabathini ngo-0.5 cm, bese ucindezela phansi nge-roller. Izithombo azikwazi ukungcwatshwa ngokuphelele, njengoba zihluma phambi kokukhanya okwanele.
Uma usukhulile imbewu, uthele emifuleni emincane yamanzi, kodwa ngokucophelela ukuze ungawagezi emhlabathini. Izitshalo zingakhulelwa nge-phosphate, kodwa emva kokuba izithombo zivela futhi zincinci imicu eluhlaza ivela ngaphezu komhlaba, ukusika kokuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba utshani buqotshwe futhi bufinyelela ku-5-7 cm.
Kubalulekile! Umtshani uyakwazi ukufaka uthuli kahle (kusuka ehektheleni eli-1 linamathani angama-60).
Izintambo Zogwadule
Lolu hlobo lwetshani lenzelwe ukuhamba nokuphumula. Iningi elitholakala ezindaweni zokupaka nasezindlini eziseduze nezendawo zokuhlala, kudala amadlelo amahle ahambisana nezimbali. Ukuze athole amandla afisa asemagqumeni, kwalabo asebekhulile kakade, amakhambi adingekile ahlwanyelwe. Inhloso yemifino yokugcoba imifino iwukuba kugcizelele ama-landscapes enemibala ngokumelene nesizinda semithi nezihlahla, kanye nokudala amathuba okuba ama-grove noma ukwengeza indawo eduze kwemizimba yamanzi. 
Ukuhlwanyela emadlelweni avuthiwe kwenzeka ngokutshala izitshalo ezinamaqabunga kuwo kanye nokuphakama okufunayo utshani. Izinwele zokuqala zenziwa lapho utshani obuntshani bukhuphukela ku-8 cm, emva kwalokho luyakunqunywa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili ukuphakama okufanayo.
Ngosizo lwefosholo engadini, kuyadingeka ukuba uqobe ukhula ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa kuzokwazi ukusebenzisa ukhula lokuphela kwezinyanga eziyisithupha emva kokukhula kwe-turf nonyaka ngemva kokuhlwanyela imbewu. Ukugaya kuqala amakhambi ayenziwa ngemuva kokuba imbali yokugcina iqhubekile (uma kunezitshalo ezinamaqabunga) noma ekuqaleni kukaJulayi.
Ukuze uhlale ubheka kahle, kubalulekile ukugunda okungenani kanye ngenyanga ukuze utshani lungangeni ekuphakameni kuka-10 cm. Ukugaya kokugcina kwenziwa ngo-Septhemba, okusetshenziselwa umshini wokujikeleza.
Izitshalo zemidlalo
Utshani oluyisisekelo lwezitshalo zemidlalo - i-ryegrass yodlelo, i-white bent ne-cloverokuyinto ukubekezelela imithwalo kahle. Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo zezemidlalo, izici kanye nezici zalolu hlobo oluthile lwegundane ziphakathi kwezinto ezamukelekayo kakhulu. Ngokushesha libuyisela ukuqina, futhi ukuqina kwalo kuncike enhlotsheni yomhlabathi, amanzi kanye nokwakhiwa kwengxube yotshani.
Ukuhlwanyela Imbewu yetshani yemidlalo yenziwa ngokucabangela amathuba okuhluma. Ukwakha ukusetshenziswa kwenkundla yebhola insimu ye-bluegrass ne-red fescue. Indawo ephethe umthwalo omkhulu kunotshani yindawo yomgcini wezinhloso, ngakho-ke izinga lokutshala kule ndawo kufanele landa.
Ukukhula kokhula okusheshayo kungatholakala ngokufaka isicelo utshani utshani we-bent and ryegrass. Kuhle ngezikhathi ezithile i-aerate umtshani ukuze ugweme ukuqhubekela phambili emhlabathini kuyoba usizo ukusika njalo nokugqoka nge nitrogen.
Enkantolo yezintambo, ngokuvamile, ikhula i-meadow bluegrass noma i-red fescue, njengoba kudinga indawo ephelele ebushelelezi futhi ehambelanisiwe, okuzohlinzeka ngebhola elinembile eliphuma emanzini. Sika utshani kufanele bube buphansi futhi buvame (izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga).
Ifomu lokudlala lezingane UThimothewu utshani, i-clover ne-rye grass utshani. Ukufaka umanyolo ngesikhathi esifanele kanye nokwabiwa kwetshani, ukunciphisa kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, ukuhlwanyela utshani ezindaweni ezilimazayo kuyisihluthulelo sentshontsha yezemidlalo ebonakalayo, okungcono ukuhlehlisa phakathi no-May kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSeptemba.
Utshani obunamaMoor
Izitshalo ezinamaMoor zingenye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zokutshala izimbali. Ekubunjweni kwayo kunezinhlobo zezimbali zasendle kanye nosizi oluhlaza. Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi baxuba i-poppy ebomvu ebomvu, i-cornflower eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-chamadile ye-meadow, i-echinacea, i-bluebells, i-flax enamandla amakhulu ne-nemesia. Lezi zimbali ziyizitshalo ezinhle zokhuni, ukuthi, nge-inflorescences yazo ekhanyayo nephunga, zikhanga zombili izimvemvane nezinyosi. 
Ungaphinda ufake nezinhlobo ze-bulbous eziqhakaza entwasahlobo: ama-tulips, ama-crocuses, ama-daffodils, ngoba azokwakha izingoma ezinhle nge-cereal utshani - uboya omncane, i-meadow timothy, i-ryegrass. Inombolo yotshani utshani kumele idlule inani lezimbali (ngokuvamile iningi liyabheka inani lama-80:20). Indawo enhle yomnsana wamaMoor ingaba yi-glade encane, igcwele ukukhanya kwelanga, igebe phakathi kwezihlahla, noma indawo emngceleni wesayithi.
Ngaphambi kwekwindla yokuhlwanyela, insimu isuswa emhlathini bese igubha 15-20 cm ejulile, bese isetshenziselwa ukufaka umquba, umhlabathi ugcwele umquba 5 cm bese uhlwanyelwa ngamasentimitha angu 40. Inhlabathi igcwele itanki le-cylindrical eligcwele amanzi.
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa 2 amasonto emva kokulungiselela, noma entwasahlobo: kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. Zilethwa enhlabathini ehlanjulisiwe, enezinga elikhuphukile ezitshalweni zomsebenzi nge-10%. Ungase futhi uhlanganise imbewu, ezokwenza inqwaba enombala enhlobonhlobo, noma ekuqaleni kokutshala okusanhlamvu, bese kuthi izimbali, ezizokwenza ezinye iziqhingi, okuyizinto ezinhle kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokutshala, bayanisela umhlabathi, emva kwalokho imbewu iyancipha ngo-5 mm. Ku-1 m², okungenani 50 g yembewu iyadingeka.
Kungenzeka ukuthi utshale izitshalo ezinkulu, uzigcwalise ngezindawo ezingenalutho emva kwezitshalo zonyaka, futhi uhlanganise nokwakheka kwezitshalo ezincane, uzibeke emaqenjini angu-10 ngamunye. Kunconywa ukumboza umhlabathi ngezinto ezingelusiwe zezithombo ezifanelwe ezivela kumunye kuya kwamasonto amabili.
I-lawn yamaMoor iphinde isetshenziswe ukuchelela ngokucophelela nokuphuza ngokweqile, okuzosiza ukugwema ukubukeka kwenani elikhulu lokhula. Ukunqunywa kokuqala eyenziwa ngokuvela kwezithombo zezitshalo, kanti azikho amahlumela emifino (njengoba utshani alufaki ukukhula kwembali). Esikhathini sasehlobo, utshani lucwilwane lukhula futhi luqhakaze, njengalokhu kutshalwa kwemvelo, kodwa ngesikhathi sekwindla ukutshala kuqala, futhi kudinga ukunqunywa futhi (ukuphakama kokugaya akufanele kudlule 12 cm). Ukuvama kokuqhuma okuqhubekayo kunqunywa ngumnikazi.
Uyazi? Lawns banamandla okunciphisa izinga lokushisa ehlobo ngo-3-4 ° C.
Utshani obuncane
Intshani yokufakelwa inezici ezinhle kakhulu. Kubonakala ngokuzikhandla, ukukhuthazela, ukusebenzisana, i-aesthetics. Ungumqulu olula kakhulu ukuwubeka, uvele ugibele phansi. Ukuze kube nokulungiswa, ama-plinths namagumbi asetshenziselwa ukuzungeza umjikelezo, futhi ezindaweni ezinkulu azihlanganiswa ngokungabonakali nabakaki.
Intshani yokufakelwa, ngokungafani nemvelo, ayisusiwe, ayikho ngaphansi kwethonya lamazinga okushisa futhi ayesabi ukushaywa ngqo kwelanga. Ngalo, ungakha isici esitokisini sensimu, uhlele ibhaluni noma iwindi lesitolo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezitshalo zokufakelwa: ngaphandle nangaphandle kwesistimu yamanzi. Isembozo sokugcoba kufanelekile ekuqhekezeni utshani emhlabathini ovulekile (uzovumela amanzi ukuba aphumelele futhi abhekane ngokugcwele nenkinga yokuphuma kwamanzi).
Izinketho ezingenamanzi zokuvota zivame ukulondoloza umswakama, ngakho zisetshenziselwa endlini. Ukuhlanzwa okwenziwe ngezikhathi ezithile kwengubo kuyosiza ukugcina umbala wangempela nomumo wetshani, kanye nokwandisa impilo yayo yokusebenza.
Kubalulekile! Ukusebenza komswakama kuveza oksijeni kuneziqongo ezifanayo zomuthi, ngenxa yokuthi ukugqoka njalo kungakwazi ukwakha ngokuqinile kakhulu amahlumela namaqabunga amasha.
Iyini utshani obuntshani
Utshani lomatshani luhlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo eziningana.
Ngohlobo lwenqubo yezimpande
Ngokusho uhlobo lokudubula kanye nesimiso, utshani utshani zihlukaniswe rhizomatous, rykhlokustovye, rhizomatous-rykhlokustovye futhi tightly kustov.
Inkinobho yokuqeda rhizomatous utshani abujulile emhlabathini. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande ezintsha kuqala ngokugcwele phansi kwenhlabathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izimbalwa eziningana ezingaphansi komhlaba zakhiwa.
I-stem ephansi emgwaqeni othile kusuka ku-node igoqa phezulu, ikhuphukela emhlabathini bese idala isitshalo esisha ngesitshalo esizimele kanye nesistimu yezimpande ezinezimpande.
Lezi zitshalo ziqhakaza futhi zikhiqize imbewu. Ukukhiqiza izitshalo njalo kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze i-herbage iminyaka eminingi. Utshani bukaRhizome: i-fescue ibomvu, i-bluegrass, i-marsh, i-alpine, i-white bent, i-meadow foxtail.
Yiba amahlumela avulekile utshani, i-knitting tillering nayo ayijulile, futhi isitshalo siphume, sivuka nge-angle ehlabayo futhi senze inhlabathi umthamo we-tillering, lapho kuqhuma khona amaqabunga. Bahlakulela amahlumela amasha, aphinde avuselele inhlabathi emakhilomitha amancane ukusuka kwabaneminyaka emdala.
Ngaphansi komhlabathi kuphela umshini wokulimala owodwa kuphela owakhiwa, kepha ukuthuthukiswa kwamahlumela angaphansi komhlaba akukwenzeka, kuyilapho isihlahla esingenalutho sakhiwa ngaphezu komhlaba, okumelela inqwaba yamagatsha. Kuhlumela okuxekethile faka i-meadow fescue, i-ryegrass yamadlelo, i-horse evamile ye-horse, njll. Abafaki i-turf encane, kepha iklamu ivalwe ngokufanayo. Ukukhiqiza kwenzeka kuphela imbewu.
Rhizome and ryhlokustovye I-Grasses yenza amahlumela angaphansi komhlaba ngobude obuhlukahlukene. Из подземной части, которая загибается кверху и даёт на изгибе розетку, происходит развитие новых растений, кустящихся по типу рыхлокустовых.
Kusuka emaqenjini, asezindaweni zama-axil eqabunga, ama-rhizomes akhiwa, afaka izindawo ze-rosette ekhoneni.
Ubuntshani buyakha i-turf eqinile, futhi futhi kwakha amahlumela ama-rosettes asehlathini, ahlangene nama-rhizomes ahlukene, ngenxa yalokho izimpande ezingaphansi komhlaba zikhula ngokulinganayo phezu komhlabathi. Lezi zitshalo zikhona i-bluegrass meadow, i-red fescue, i-vole evamile.
Yiba i-tight-haired I-Herbs tillering node itholakala ngaphezu komhlaba. Ihlumela elisha elivela ehlathini liqinile ngokubambisana nelinye elidala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimpande zegatsha elisha zivele zikhule. Lezi zitshalo zibukeka njengezihlahla ezincane, ngaphakathi kuzo izingxenye ezifa, futhi emaphethelweni asemncane. Izitshalo ezinamandla zikhonza: izimvu fescue, belous, fescue, ezinye izinhlobo red fescue.
Izitshalo zibhekisela kuwo okubalulekile izitshalo Engxenyeni engaphansi komhlaba yombumbulu isakhiwe, emhlabathini - ukuphunyuka. Ihlumela eliyinhloko linikezwa ngesimo sekhola yezimpande futhi kuvamise kufushane. Amahlumela amasha akhula kusuka efihlekile ekhula entanyeni yezintambo, bese enza isitrub emhlabathini, efana nokudla okuvuthiwe.
Zonke izihlahla ezintsha zithuthuka ku-taproot eyodwa, enezinhlamvu eziningana futhi ngaphezulu kanye ne-thickens, engena ngaphakathi emhlabathini. Ihlumela elihlukile lihlala isikhathi esisodwa kuphela esikhulayo, kodwa ngokujwayelekile, zonke izitshalo zihlala zesikhathi eside: clover obomvu, omhlophe, hybrid, blue, hoppy, alfalfa ophuzi, ohlwanyelayo espartset, marsh ubaba.
Ngokuphakama
Ngokususelwa ekuphakameni okungenakwenzeka utshani, wonke utshani obuntshani buhlukaniswe ngama-third tiers. Ephezulu kunenhlama ethanda ukukhanya. egibele. Banezihlahla ezincane bese benza amaqabunga amakhulu, amaqabunga amakhulu neziqu. Kuyinto uhlaza utshani obuncane, u-wheatgrass, i-alfalfa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Grassroots Amakhambi asemkhakheni ophansi. Amahlumela awo amancane afinyelela ukuphakama kwama-70 cm, ahlathini ngokuqinile ngemva kokugaya, ahlanganisa ubuningi obukhulu bamaqabunga neziqu ezincane (i-bluegrass meadow, i-red fescue, ama-horned amazinyo).
Kuphakathi kwezinhlanzi eziphezulu nezinhlanzi zikhula semi-engenhla. Itholakala emahlumela awo aphezulu (kusuka ku-70 kuya ku-100 cm), okwenza amahlumela amancane amancane, enikeza izihlahla zesikhumba esiphakathi. Abaningi babo bakhula masinyane emva kokugqoka futhi banomkhuba wokwenza kahle.
Leli qembu lingabizwa i-ryegrass yasendle, utshani we-timothy utshani, i-clover e-hybrid, njll.
Ngesikhathi somjikelezo wokuphila
Kunezinhlobo zonyaka, izinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-biennial nezihlala zisetshenziswa utshani.
Yiba ngonyaka Amakhambi agcwalisa umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwenzeka ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Lapho imbewu ivuthwa, zonke izingxenye zomhlabathi nezansi komhlaba zifa. Leli qembu lihlanganisa i-ryegrass yonyaka, i-bluegrass yonyaka kanye nabanye.
Isikhathi sokuqala sokukhula abaneminyaka emibili ubudala utshani buphela ngokubunjwa kwezimpande, iziqu, amaqabunga, kanye namahlumela we-fruiting lapho kukhula khona izimbali, izithelo kanye nembewu zakhiwa ngonyaka wesibili.
Emva kokuvuthwa kwembewu, izitshalo ze-biennial (isibonelo, i-ryegrass ene-multiflowered noma i-hopper alfalfa), ekugcineni bafa.
Imifino engapheli babe namandla okukhula nokuthela izithelo iminyaka eminingi. Phakathi kwabo kukhona utshani ne-bluegrass.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlanganisela zotshani
Izingxube ze-Grass zinenhlobo ezinjalo.
Okusheshayo
Ngokushesha kufaka phakathi inhlanzi fescue, udonga timothy utshani, udonga bluegrass. Izitshalo zikhula kahle enhlabathini enomanzi, zithuthuke ngokushesha, futhi emva konyaka zikhiqiza ikhava eluhlaza, nakuba zihlala isikhathi esifushane (ukukhulisa impilo kufanelekile ukuhlanganiswa namanye amakhambi).
Shadow
Izitshalo zethunzi zingafakwa udlelo olubomvu kanye namadlelo we-ryegrass, ezizizwa zihle ezindaweni ezimnyama futhi ziphikisana kakhulu nokunyathelisa.
Kusha
Ukumelana nokukhanya kwelanga nesomiso kungaba Izimvu fescue, kanye ne-bluegrass kanye ne-alfalfa efana ne-alfalfa.
I-Universal
I-universal ebizwa kakhulu polevitsu, engakhula ngohlobo lweqhwa, ukushisa nesomiso, kodwa kunomphumela omkhulu - emva kokuwudla kuphuza ukukhula.
Kuyini i-monogazone engcono noma ama-travosmes
I-Monogazon ikhula kahle kuphela ngokukhanyisa okuhle kakhulu, ngokushesha ifinyelela esimweni sayo sokuqala ngemva kwamathonya amashini, futhi ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Abanini bezandla bavame ukukhetha: ama-monogazone noma ingxube yotshani futhi bakhetha ukusebenzisa ingxube yotshani engadingeki ukunakekelwa nemibandela, ihlangane nokhula kangcono futhi ayinakuqhathaniswa nokuphuza.
Imifino engcono kakhulu kanye nezinhlanganisela zotshani zokutshala utshani
Kunezinqubo eziningi zokutshala utshani: ukumelana nesithwathwa, umphumela wangaphandle wokuhlobisa, uhlelo lwempande oluhluthulelwe, izinga elihle lekhava elikhulayo ngemuva kokugaya, ikhono lokukhiqiza izitshalo, ukuvumelanisa nezimo zezulu.
Ama-best herbs angabizwa ama-friars ayingcosana, i-red fescue ne-meadow bluegrassabangesabi izinguquko zokushisa, ukumelana nesithwathwa, ukwakha i-sod enamandla, bavikelekile emhlathini, futhi ngokuvamile bangavunywa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zanda ngokushesha ngezindlela zemifino.
I-fescue ebomvu ikhula kancane, ngakho-ke ikhava izovela kuphela ngonyaka wesibili. Nokho, ukwakha uhlelo lwempande insimu ye-bluegrass idlula kancane kancane, ngakho-ke kuyasiza kakhulu ukukhetha ingxube lapho kuyoba khona ingxenye enkulu. Bent mncane - isitshalo esingenakuzithoba nokubandayo esinezici ezicebile ze-emerald.
Izingxube zotshani zingaqukatha ezinye izitshalo. Isibonelo i-bluegrass oakwood, ekwazi ukukhula emthunzini okhethekile, ogcina utshani kusuka emabalazini e-bald, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo awubekezeleli ukunyakaza nokugaya njalo. I-Bluegrass marsh - yakha ikhava enhle nezimpande eziqinile, kodwa ayifani nokuqina (ingahlanganiswa ne-vole emhlophe noma inja ivame).
I-Aesthetics engeza inhlanzi fescue - utshani obukhula ngokushesha, ukwakha i-carpet ebanzi. Kunokukhula okuhle kakhulu ryegrass okungaphelikanye nokungathobeki nokuhlanzeka i-bluegrass unyaka owodwa ubudala. Ifomu lokuthunga izimvu fescue kanye pike soddy, ngakho-ke akuthandeki emanzini.
Imifino igcina isimo sayo sokuqala nokuqina, ukulinganisa ubukeka botshani wangempela, ngaphandle kokudinga ukunakekelwa okwedlulele, okwenza kube yisisombululo esihle kakhulu enkingeni yokuhlelwa kwesakhiwo sangasemuva.
Uyazi? Ngosizo lwezingxube zotshani ungadala imidwebo kanye namazwibela ekuphumuleni kwesayithi.
