Phakathi kwama-ferns akhulile ekhaya, ethandwa kakhulu, mhlawumbe, adiant.
Wabo ukuvuleka nokubonisa ububele unqoba ngokushesha naphakade. Izitshalo ezimangalisayo zakha isimo sokuthula nokuthula endaweni.
Lokhu kuhlinzekwa hhayi kuphela ukukhangiswa kwemvelo kwama-adiantums, kodwa futhi ukubekezelelana komthunzi.
Ngenxa yokuthi izitshalo azidingi ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ungabeka ibhodlela ngale fern hhayi efesiteleni, lapho kukhona khona izimbali eziningi, futhi ngokuvamile akanayo isikhala esanele, ikakhulukazi ebusika, kodwa ngemuva kwekamelo. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi udale ikona elihlaza lapho ngokuvamile izitshalo zingafakwa khona.
Umlando wemvelaphi
I-Adiantum yayiyaziwa eGrisi lasendulo. Igama layo lihunyushwe ngokoqobo ukusuka kwisiGreki njengenhlanganisela ye-prefix-negation kanye nesenzo "moisten". Igama lesitshalo lalingenxa yokukwazi ukubuyisela amanzi. Ngisho nasemvula ihlala isomile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama, ngakho-ke sikhula ikakhulukazi emifuleni, imifula kanye nemifula, nasezindaweni ezinamatshe noma ezintabeni.
I-Aldiantum ikhula ngamandla eCrimea, eCaucasus, eMelika, e-Asia nase-Afrika. Manje, ngenxa yemvelo yayo yokuhlobisa, i-fern ikhule ekhaya futhi isetshenziselwa ukuklama komhlaba.
Ukubukwa kusuka esithombeni
Kuze kube yamuva, kwakunezinhlobo ezingu-2 -3 ze-adiantes ezithengiswayo, izinwele ezivame kakhulu njenge-Venerin. Manje emapulazini embali zikhula futhi zinikeza izinhlobo eziningi ze-ferns, kufaka phakathi i-adiantum. Nazi ezinye zazo:
Izinwele ze-Venerin
Ubukeka obuhle kakhulu. Amaqabunga kabili aphihlile, aluhlaza okwe-emerald, ama-cuttings amnyama. Ngokubekezelayo ibekezelela umoya omile, ezimweni zamakamelo amaphesenti amakhulu okulahla kwamaqabunga.
Stomatoid
I-stop-shaped - isitshalo esinamaqabunga amancane, afanana ne-fan. I-Habitus isimo esiyindilinga. Ihlumela ukugoba ngevidiyo. Ebusika eningizimu emhlabathini ovulekile.
Izithombe ze-subspecies ezinjenge-stop:
Frahrans
Kufana kakhulu nezinwele ze-Venerin. I-Frahrans isho okumnandi.
Hamba
Amaqabunga ama-Ruddy anezintathu ezinama-pinnate, amaqabunga amaqabunga aqinile. Ubukeka obuhle kakhulu, bubekezelela izimo zasekhaya. Okungenani okungenangqondo kwama-adiantums.
Izinwele ezincane
Izinwele ezincane ze-Adiantum - ukubukeka okuvamile okungahlonipheki ne-pubescence yamagqabi amaqabunga nezinsika.
I-shaped-shaped
Umbono omuhle nge-triple leaf plumose. I-Sporangia ngesimo se-horsehoe emaphethelweni amaqabunga amaqabunga, isiqu esinzima. Kufanelekile ukukhula emakamelweni apholile.
Okuthandekayo
Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-three-four pinnate. I-shrub emikhulu yokuhlobisa. Ikhula kahle emakamelweni apholile.
Ubumnene
Ama-Fragrans e-Adiantum noma abumnene - ukubukeka okukhulu okuhlobisa, kukhula kahle emakamelweni.
Okungafani
Amaqabunga aphikisiwe futhi aphindwe kabili, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. I-sporangia enjengezinso itholakala emaphethelweni amaqabunga amaqabunga. Isetshenziswe ku-floristics.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
Adiantum kakhulu siphenduke kabi ngokushintsha kwendawo. Ngakho-ke, ukuthenga imbali, zama ukuthola ngokushesha indawo yokuhlala unomphela. Futhi uyibeke ngqo lapho.
Uma i-adiantum izoba yingxenye yeqoqo phakathi kwamanye ama-tenebull, ke ngesikhathi sokuhlukanisa indawo emva kokuthenga kungcono ukuhlela kabusha zonke ezinye izitshalo, hhayi oqalayo, njengoba kuvame ukwenza. Emva kwamasonto amabili, ungabuyisa izakhamuzi ezindaweni zazo.
Ukukhanyisa nomswakama
Ukunakekela le fern akuyona inkimbinkimbi njengoba kuchazwa ngezinye izikhathi.
Amaphuzu amabili asemqoka ayaziwa futhi aqinile: ukuchelela okwanele nokukhanya okulula.
Kubalulekile ungabeki umhlabathi kodwa kubalulekile ngokulinganayo musa pereuvlazhnit.
Kwenzeka ukuthi i-adiantum yoma amaqabunga; umnikazi ukwandisa ukuchelela ukulungisa isimo. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sitshalo siyafa.
Lokhu akukwenzeki ngokushesha, kodwa uma inhlabathi ebhodweni iphenduke inhlanzi, khona-ke kuzokwenzeka - izimpande ezibolile. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi, futhi akusiyo yonke isikhathi emanzi, lokhu kubalulekile.
Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, ngokujwayelekile akudingekile ukuveza lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kwelanga eliqondile. Uma usakhula efasiteleni, khona-ke kuphela ohlangothini olusenyakatho kuphela.
Ngokuvamile phakathi kwezincomo zokunakekelwa ongakwazi ukuhlangabezana nesifiso sokusifuthola nsuku zonke. Ngingathanda ukwenza ngokushesha ukubhuka ngalokhu: uma unesikhathi esiningi samahhala, ungaphambanisa izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Ngeke kulimaze isitshalo. Kodwa ngeke ulethe futhi kuzuze.
Kodwa kusukela abadayisi basesekhona ungathandi umoya omile, kufanele ahambe ngenye indlela. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya ozungeze isitshalo uhlale unomswakama. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungafaka nxazonke embizeni iziqukathi ezimbalwa ngamanzi. Noma faka ibhodlela ngobumba obumanzi.
Ibhodlela kufanele libe ne-pallet, izimpande emgodini akufanele zihlangane namanzi - sinesithakazelo emoyeni omanzi, hhayi izimpande ezibolile. Kulezi zimo ezimbili, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi kukhona njalo amanzi emathangi.
Indlela engcono yokugcina umswakama wezitshalo zokuqoqa umoya. Beka isitshalo ekuhleleni kwezimbali zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene zamaqabunga ezinhlobonhlobo ezinezidingo ezifanayo zokugcina izimo (izinga lokushisa nokukhanya). Iningi lazo lidinga ukuchithwa.
Lapha kuzoba kude kakhulu nendawo, ngokungafani nokuphalaza okumele kube yedwa. Amaconsi amanzi, ephuma emaqabunga ezitshalo ezizungezile, azokwenza umoya ophuthumayo.
Ukunisela nokudla
Ehlobo, ukuchelela kufanele kube njalo. Ehlobo ziyanconywa ukuba zibhapathizwe ngokuphelele emanzini (ebhodweni). Umhlaba kufanele ugcwale kahle amanzi kanye ne-glisten. Ngemuva kwenqubo, kufanele unike umswakama owengeziwe ukuze ushiye. Into esemqoka - ungayidluli. Kuphela uma wonke amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi egeziwe angakwazi ukubeka i-adiantum.
Ebusika, i-adiantum iyanisela ngokwezinga lokushisa ekamelweni kanye nomswakama womoya. Uma umhlabathi ubomile kakhulu futhi udinga ukuchelela, udinga ukumanzisa umnqamulajuqu ngaphandle kokufudumala kakhulu (kodwa hhayi kushisa!) Amanzi.
Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, i-adiantum kufanele isetshenziswe ngezixube ezikhethekile zamanzi ezitshalweni zasendlini, ezingatholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo sokulima se-OBI. Ebusika akufanele ukwenze ukugqoka okuphezulu.
Ukushisa
Ukushisa kokuqukethwe kwe-adiantium kuyafana nakwabaningi be-ferns. ukulinganisela.
Lapha ukubusa kusebenza kahle: ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa ekamelweni, kunamanzi kakhulu izimo kufanele zibe.
Yingakho emakhaya lapho ukufudumala okuphakathi "kukhuphuka" ebusika, udinga ukunakekelwa ngokukhethekile ngalokhu.
Iningi labo libulawa ngemuva kokuqala kwenkathi yokushisa.
Ezinye izinhlobo ziyakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi kuze kube ngaphansi kwama-degrees angu-25 futhi zikwazi ukubusika ngaphandle, ngisho ngaphandle kokukhosela.
I-Orlyak, i-Polniyornik, i-Thymus
Ukudubula
Izingxenye ezomile zalesi sitshalo kumele zihlale zigculwe ngaphezu kwe-substrate. Amafremu awadingi izihlahla ezikhethekile zokwenza izihlahla.
Ukufakelwa
Njengezinye izitshalo eziningi, isikhathi esihle kakhulu se-adiantum siphezu kwentwasahlobo. Kuyinto entwasahlobo futhi kufanelekile fern ukufakelwa. Thatha ibhodlo elikhulu elibanzi ukuze umsizi unesikhala. Izimpande ezibolile ziphelile kufanele ziqedwe, futhi okuhle kufanele kushiywe. Uma utshala i-adiantum emhlabathini, ungayiqedi! Izimpande zalesi sitshalo zithanda inhlabathi engavamile. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha isidingo sokufiphala kanye nomoya wamanzi.
Ukuzala
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
I-Adianta isakazwa ikakhulukazi ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ngokuvamile entwasahlobo. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe lula, i-acidic kancane, mhlawumbe ngokufakwa kwamagxolo. Ngokweqile okunjalo, izimpande azihambisani, lesi sitshalo asilimazi kakhulu uma sihlukanisa. Kunoma yikuphi, umqondo omuhle ukufafaza izindawo ezonakalisiwe ngama-coal noma emhlabathini sinamoni.
I-delenki kufanele ifakwe ngokushesha emhlabathini - ungadluli emoyeni. Ungangcwabe, utshale ngokujula okufanayo njengangaphambili.
Akusibi ngemuva kokutshala, ukumboza ngekhanda elibonakalayo noma eliguquguqukayo, isibonelo, isikhwama seplastiki, okungenani isonto. Ngalesi sikhathi ikakhulukazi ukuqapha ukushisa imvelo: kokubili ukuncibilika ngokweqile nokushisa ngokweqile kuyingozi.
Indlela yokufakelwa kahle, bheka ividiyo:
Izingxabano
Abahloli bangazama ukusakaza isitshalo ngezinhlamvu. Ungabeka ucezu lweqabunga nge sporangia, noma umane uphikisane emgodini onomhlaba omanzi, uwumboze ngempahla emnyama bese uwubeka endaweni efudumele kodwa engashisayo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi kuleso simo izimila ziyahluma phakathi kwamasonto amane kuya kwangu-12.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele kanye nezimo ezifanelekayo okungajwayelekile ukugula. Umkhathi umswakama womoya - ukuvimbela izibungu zesicabucabu. I-mealybug nesilinganiso phambi kwezitshalo ezingomakhelwane zingabuye zenzeke i-adiantum. Uma inhlabathi ingaphezu komhlabathi ingaba nokubola.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali
Ku-fern kukhona ama-carbohydrate nama-compounds ahlobene, i-acids ephilayo, i-triterpenoids, i-phenol carbonic acids (kanye ne-derivatives), i-flavonoids (isigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke zezitshalo ze-polyphenols), ne-lipids. I-Adiantum ishiya ngokwayo iqukethe i-steroids ne-lipids.
Ukunakwa: Ulwazi olungezansi luhlolisiso lwemithi yendabuko. Ngemibuzo ebalulekile, kungcono ukuxhumana nodokotela. Cabangela ukubekezelelana komuntu siqu.
I-Adiantum inezindawo zokuphulukisa futhi isetshenziselwa ngokugcwele emithini yendabuko eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Izitshalo ezinomsoco zalesi sitshalo zibulala amabhaktheriya kahle, ama-extracts kanye nama-syrups asetshenziselwa ukuxosha izinkinga ezithinta ukuphefumula, futhi abe nomphumela wokunciphisa.
I-Adiantum ingasetshenziselwa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa. Ama-Herbs asetshenziselwa imithi yokwelashwa ukuze aphathe izifo zendlela yokuphefumula, kanti isitshalo senza inkinga yezifo zesibindi, isisu nesantana. E-India, i-paste eyenziwe ngamagqabi omhlabathi asetshenziselwa ukuphulukisa amanxeba kanye nokuhlukunyezwa. Inhlanganisela yejusi enoju ujulela nge-gastralgia.
Ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-adiantum - usizo ekungahambisani nokubhema, ikhofi eqinile nokusetshenziswa kotshwala.
Futhi i-fern isetshenziselwa ku-pharmacy ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwe-syrups.
Isiphetho
I-Adiantum - abafokazi kusukela esikhathini sokuqala seMhlaba. Lezi zilwane eziphilayo, ezigcinwe emhlabeni ukuze izigidi eziningi zeminyaka. Bavumele bawuthande endlini yakho!
Amanye ama-ferns angaphakathi ahlanganisa: Pelleya, Pteris, Cirtriumium, Asplenium, Nephrolepis, Davallia, Blehnum, Salvinia, Polypodium, Platicerium, u-Uzhrovnik no-Humulus.
