I-Eonium ishaya ngokubukeka okumangazayo, okungenakuqhathaniswa. Kubukeka njenge-antenna efihlekile yemikhumbi yabafokazi kunommeleli weflacococant. Amaqabunga angenanyama angajwayelekile wanoma yisiphi isimo ahlangana kuma-rosette ayindilinga onobude obude. Lesi sitshalo singowomndeni iCrassulaceae futhi sihlala eMedithera, eNhlonhlo YaseArabia kanye naseTopiya. Akunzima ukunakekela i-Eonium ekhaya, yingakho abalimi bezimbali beqala ngenjabulo ukuqala kwalesi sitshalo esimangalisayo.
Izici ze-Botanical
I-Eonium isitshalo esiphile isikhathi eside, yile ndlela igama laso elaziwa ngayo. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungaba kusuka kuma-5 kuye kwangama-60 cm. Kude, amahlumela anamahlwili kukhona izisekelo zamaqabunga ezinobubanzi obufika kuma-60 cm. Unyaka ngamunye kufakwa kuwo amaqabunga amasha. Kulokhu, amaqabunga aphansi ayafa kancane kancane bese isiqu sikhula. Lesi sitshalo sine-Rhizome egayiwe. Futhi, izimpande ze-aefilograph zenziwa ezindaweni zokunamathiswa kwamaqabunga esiqwini.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukunambitheka, i-aeonium ihlukaniswa ingxenye enamanzi enhlabathini. Amaqabunga e-Sedentary ane-rhomboid noma i-oval shape. Isisekelo sazo sincishiswe kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nonqenqemeni. Isikhumba sepuleti leqabunga siminyene, sibushelelezi noma sibubende kancane. Kuvimbela ukuhwamuka komswakama. Amahlamvu angadwetshwa kuyo yonke imibala eluhlaza, kanye nokubomvu, nsundu noma onsomi.
Ekupheleni kwehlumela, isikebhe esinamanzi esiqondile esinamagatsha aqhakaza izimbali. I-pyramidal inflorescence ipendwe ngombala ophuzi noma opinki. Kwesinye isikhathi i-inflorescence ngokwayo ifana nesihlahla esincane esinombala ongajwayelekile, otholakala enkabeni yepuleti emangalisayo. I-Eonium iyisitshalo se-monocarpic. Okusho ukuthi, ngemuva kokuqhakaza, uyafa. Izikhungo ezinamahlumela amaningi zikwazi ukusinda ngokunisa kuphela ihlumela eliye lageleza.
Imbewu ivuthwa emabhokisini embewu amancane. Imbewu eminingi emincane eyindilinga yombala onsundu ihlukaniswe ama-partitions.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo nezinhlobonhlobo
Kuhlobo lwe-Eonium, kunezinhlobo zezinto ezingaba ngu-70 nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa. Iningi lazo zilungele ukukhula ekhaya. Isimo ngasinye sihlukile kakhulu kwesokuqala, esingabonakala esithombeni se-Eonium. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo azivumeli kuphela ukukhetha uhlobo olulodwa, kodwa futhi nokwakheka okuphelele.
I-Eonium ifana nesihlahla. Isihlahla esinamagatsha anamanzi esifinyelela kumamitha angama-1 ukuphakama. Iziqu ezinesiqu esinezindilinga embozwe ngegxolo elinsundu. Ingaphezulu labo lifakwe umqhele ngeqabunga eliyindilinga lamaqabunga amaqabunga e-obovate. I-inflorescence ye-pyramidal enezimbali eziqhakazile zezimbali eziqhakaza maphakathi enkabeni yeqabunga leqabunga.
I-Eonium ihlukaniswe. Lokhu kungagcineki ngaphansi kufana nepuleti enkulu. Esiqwini esifushane esifana nomhlabathi kukhona i-rosette eminyene yamaqabunga enobubanzi obungafika kuma-50 cm. Amaqabunga amancane amnyama ahlangana ngokuqinile, angashiyi zikhala. I-inflorescence emincane, evulekile ifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude.
Eonium Virginia. Izinhlobo lezi cishe azinaso isiqu, kanti ama-rosette angamaqabunga akhiwe phezu kwenhlabathi. Amaqabunga amakhulu futhi ayizicaba anomfanekiso wedayimane onesisekelo sepinki nomphetho we-wavy ahlukene kakhulu. I-peduncle ende (efinyelela kumamitha ayi-1) embozwe ngezimbali eziphuzi, izihloko zayo phezulu kancane ngaphansi kwesisindo sazo.
U-Eonium Schwarzkopf. Kokubunji obude obunsundu okhanyayo kukhona ama-rosette amakhulu ngesimo sezimbali ezimnyama ansundu. Amaqabunga amaqabunga anesisekelo esiluhlaza okhula emaphethelweni.
I-Eonium inobuhle. Esiqwini esifushane kukhona amaqabunga amakhulu angenhliziyo amise okwenhliziyo. Zipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani futhi zinobuso obushelelezi. I-peduncle ende imbozwe ngezimbali eziphuzi ezinephunga elimnandi kakhulu.
U-Eonium Burchard. Izinhlobonhlobo ezihlangene kahle zineziqu eziluhlaza okotshani obumnyama. Bathweswe umqhele nge-rosette yamaqabunga enobubanzi obucishe bube yi-10 cm. Isisekelo seshidi sipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza ogqamile, kuthi emaphethelweni akhonjisiwe kushintsha kube nsundu-orenji.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Eonium kwenziwa ngezindlela zezinhlobo zembewu. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa phezu kwesihlabathi esimanzi nomhlabathi we-peat futhi embozwe ifilimu. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ukusheshisa inqubo yokuhluma, lo greenhouse ligcinwa emazingeni okushisa + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Izithombo ezikhulile zitshalwa ngokucophelela zifakwe emabhodweni ngamanye ngaphandle kwe-dive.
Ukutshala i-eonium entsha eqabunga noma ukusikwa kwesihlahla kulula kakhulu. Amahlamvu ahlukaniswa esiqwini noma phezulu unqunywe ngokuphelele. Isiqu kufanele sisikwe ngebanga elibukhali engela lika-45 °. I-Rooting yenziwa enhlabathini enesihlabathi noma enesihlabathi. Jula isithombo ngo-1.5-3 cm, kuya ngosayizi wokuqala. Inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe kancane kancane kancane. Izimpande zokuqala zivela ngokushesha ngokwanele noma ngaphandle kwezimo zokugcina ukushisa. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu, kubalulekile ukugcina izithombo egumbini elinokukhanya okugqamile.
Ukukhetha indawo
Uma ukhetha indawo efanelekile ye-eonium, ukunakekela ekhaya kuye kuzoba cishe kungabonakali.
Isibani Kuwo wonke unyaka, imbali idinga ukukhanya okukhulu okugqamile. Ngaphandle kwawo, iziqu zinwetshwa kakhulu futhi zivezwa, futhi amaqabunga mancane. Uma kunokuntuleka kokukhanya kwemvelo, kufanele kusetshenziswe isibani se-fluorescent. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo zasehlobo kungcono ukumboza amaqabunga athambile elangeni lasemini.
Ukushisa Ehlobo, kunconywa ukugcina i-Eonium ku + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Ngokushisa okukhulu, imvamisa kuzodingeka ukuthi unikeze umoya egumbini noma uthathe imbali uye emgwaqweni. Angaba khona kuze kufike lapho kubanda khona. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ubusika obupholile ngaphakathi ezindlini ekushiseni kuka + 10 ... + 12 ° C. Ukupholisa ngaphansi kuka-5 + C kubangela ukuthi amaqabunga aqandeke futhi awe.
Umswakama. Ama-Eoniums awahlupheki komoya owomile, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokwandisa umswakama wawo. Ukuhlanza amaqabunga othuli, ungasebenzisa isiponji esimanzi noma ugeze imbali ngaphansi kweshawa efudumele. Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi amaconsi amanzi awagxili ndawo ephumayo yamaqabunga.
Ukulima nokunakekela
Ukunisela. I-Eonium ayidingi ukuthambisa kaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahlushwa umswakama ngokweqile. Phakathi kokunisela, inhlabathi kufanele ome cishe ngokuphelele. Ngisho nangezinsuku ezishisayo, isithambisa ingabi ngaphezu kwesonto. Ebusika, kwanele ukunisela imbali kanye ngenyanga. Kubalulekile ukuthi uketshezi luwele phezu kwamahlamvu noma luqongelele amahlumela. Ukweqile kusuka epanini kufanele futhi kuthululelwe ngokushesha.
Umanyolo. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo kuyadingeka ukondla i-aonium ngezixaka ezikhethekile zama-anculents. Uma kungumanyolo womhlaba wonke kuphela, uthathwa ngesilinganiso. Isixazululo sisetshenziswa enhlabathini kabili ngenyanga. Ekwindla, ukugqoka okuphezulu kumiswa ngokuphelele.
Ukufakelwa Njalo ngeminyaka engama-2-3, kuyadingeka ukuthi uyidlulise i-Eonium. Izitshalo ezinkulu zimane zibuyisela indawo engaphezulu. Ngenqubo yokufakelwa, kufanele uhlolisise i-rhizome futhi ususe izindawo ezonakaliswe ukubola.
Imbiza kufanele ibe banzi futhi izinze ngokwanele. Ungqimba lwezinto zokudonsa amanzi lubekwe phansi kwalo Inhlabathi kumele ibe nalezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- Peat;
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- isihlabathi;
- umhlaba wefudu;
- izingcezu zamalahle.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
U-Eonium uhlushwa ukuhlaselwa yi-mealybug. Lesi sidlakela sifihla ngaphansi kwamaqabunga ngaphakathi esitolo. Ungasula amahlumela ngendwangu efakwe emanzini anensipho noma ngotshwala, kepha ama-insecticides (Confidor, Actara) akhombisa ukusebenza kangcono.
Isitshalo sizwela ukubola, okuvela lapho kunakekelwa okungafanele. Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela ngesikhunta izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka kuvunyelwe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-eonium
I-Eonium ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amakhaya. Ezifundeni ezifudumele, lapho ebusika izinga lokushisa lingehli khona ngaphansi kuka + 5 C C, ama-aeoniums asetshenziswa ekuhlobiseni indawo ukuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali nezingadi.
Enye into ebalulekile yesitshalo izakhiwo zayo zokwelapha. Ngenxa yalokhu, uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umphilisi wezitshalo noma udokotela ohlinzayo. Amaqabunga enyama kanye nojusi okuncishwe kuwo kusetshenziselwa ngaphandle ukulwa nokuvuvukala, amathumba, i-herpes, umqubuko. Izicubu zezitshalo ziqukethe ama-antiseptics asiza ukubhekana namagciwane ayingozi. Izindlela ezenzelwe ujusi we-eonium nazo zisindisa ekushisweni, emafratini nasekunciphiseni ukulunywa yizinambuzane.
