Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Nick Plum azange zisakazeke, kodwa unyaka ngamunye uthola ukuthandwa ngokwengeziwe ngenxa yezici ezinhle kakhulu zesithelo.
Zingadliwa kokubili noma zisetshenziselwa ukwenza imifino, igcina, futhi ijusi nge-pulp.
Nick Plum: incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
I-grade Nick ukukhula okulinganiselwe, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukukhula okuqinile kwezihlahla. Ngeminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu bangakwazi ukufinyelela amamitha amane ukuphakama. Isihlahla sinomqhele obanzi wokusabalalisa ubukhulu obuphakathi. Umbala wegxolo phezu kwe-trunk ingaba yimpunga emnyama noma emnyama.
Ngoba amagxolo yizici ukukhwabanisa okunamandla nokuba khona kwezinto eziphakathi nendawo eziqinile noma eziqinile. Ukugxuma kwe-trunk kuboniswa kakhulu buthakathaka noma cha. Umuthi uveza amahlumela afakwe amahlumela, okusemncane lapho angashintsha umbala wabo kuye ngokuthi ukukhanya.
Elanga, banemibala enombala obomvu, futhi emthunzini baba luhlaza oluhlaza. Ngemva kwesikhashana, amahlumela athola umbala omnyama obomvu. Imifantu ephuzi elibomvu i-longitudinal ivela kubo, futhi amahlumela abukeka aphethwe. Lesi isici sesici sezinhlobonhlobo zikaNick.
Amafihledi we-Vegetative anama-cone ayenziwe futhi aphakathi nendawo, futhi amafihlethi okukhiqiza amancane futhi afanana neqanda.
Ibhande leqabunga libhekwa ngesimo se-oval esiphezulu esinomuthi okhomba.. Isisekelo salo singase sibe sesigqamile noma sibe nomumo we-arc.
Ubude beqabunga leqabunga livame ukuphuma ngamamentimitha ayisithupha kuya kweshumi ubude futhi kusuka kumamitha amane kuya kwanguyisithupha ububanzi.
I-blade inokuthungwa kwesikhumba. Kusenhla kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kubushelelezi futhi kukhanya, futhi kusukela ngezansi kuluhlaza okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhakeni kanye ne-pubescent emithanjeni.
I-blade ihlukaniswa nemiphetho emibili ehlutshiwe futhi izinsimbi ezilinganisiwe.
Ukuze uthole umuthi onjalo, ama-petioles amancane anezicucu zensimbi ezincane kanye nokuntuleka kwamathebhu ngombala we-maroon anthocyanin yizici. Ngokuvamile i-Inflorescence iqukethe izimbali ezimbili, kodwa ingaba nezimbali ezimbili noma ezintathu.
Izimbali ziphakathi kanye nomumo oqoshiwe. Zibonakaliswe ngamapulanka ahlanganisiwe avaliwe. Ubude be-stamens buvela kumamitha ayi-5 kuya kwangu-7, kanti i-pistil ne-ovary isukela kumamitha ayiziyishumi kuya kweziyishumi nambili.
Izinhlobo ze-plum uNick ehlukaniswa yizithelo ezinkulu ezinama-oval ezinjeisisindo sakhe sisuka kumagremu angamashumi amathathu kuya kwangu-40, kodwa isivuno esincane singaba ngaphezulu. Izithelo zibhekwa ngokungalingani. ngokuphathelene nesisindo somzimba kanye nokungabikho okuphelele okuphethwe yizinhlangothi.
Izithelo zinombhoqo ojikelezayo, ophakathi nendawo encane, isisekelo se-oval nombhobho ongajulile. Umswakama wesisu unentuthuko ebuthakathaka futhi awuqedi. Ekubukeni, izithelo zezinhlobo zama-plum Nika zifana nesiHungary.
Okokuqala, isithelo sinombala ohlaza okwakubuthi oluhlaza oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Inyama inemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi uma ikhula ngokugcwele iphenduka ophuzi obunombala obomvu..
Ukuze izithelo zifane nokuthungwa okunamandla, futhi uma ngaphezulu, ziba buthaka futhi zinomsoco kakhulu. Kubo isici sokunambitheka okomuncu ngobuncane obuncane kanye ne-tinge kancane ye-tartness. Ngokwesilinganiso sokunambitheka, izithelo ze-Nika plum ezihlukahlukene zilinganiswa emazingeni angu-4.3. Izithelo ziyahlukahluka esitshalweni eside eside kanye nethambo elincane lefomu elithambile nelinamafutha.
Isithombe
Ulwazi oluthe xaxa kusuka ku-plum ezihlukahlukene "Nika" lungatholakala esithombeni esingezansi:
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
I-Nick plum cultivar yahlwanyelwa esiteshini sezitshalo zokuhlola izitshalo zeRossosh. Yamukelwa ngu-A.Ya. Voronchikhina ngokuwela amafomu hybrid. Ngo-1994 lezi zinhlobonhlobo zangena ebhalweni futhi zavunyelwa ukulima endaweni yesifunda saseCentral Black Earth.
Namuhla, isakazeka kahle futhi ikhula ikakhulukazi emasimini asekhaya enyakatho yesifunda saseRostov, kanye naseningizimu yezindawo zaseBelgorod naseVoronezh.
Izici
Izimbali ze-plum izihlahla Izinhlobo zikaNika zenzeka esikhathini esiphakathi. Okunikeziwe ukuhlukahluka kungukuzimelaNgakho-ke, uma ngezimbali izimo zezulu zingenzi indiza endizeni yezinambuzane, khona-ke ukuvuna kungase kungabi nhlobo.
I-pollinator efanelekayo yezinhlobo ze-plum Nika ingabizwa: IDonetsk yasekuqaleni, isiHungary, iDenklod Soviet neHungary Donetsk.
Izihlahla zemifino Izitshalo ze-Nika ziqala ngonyaka wesine noma wesihlanu futhi zibe ne-skoroplodnostyu enhle. Izithelo zivuthwe ngo-Agasti. Isivuno sikhulu kakhulu-kufika ku-kilogramgram ezingamashumi amathathu nanhlanu zezithelo singavuna emthini owodwa, kodwa kwakukhona amacala lapho isivuno siphindwa kabili ngaphezu kwalesi sibalo.
Lezi zihlahla zibekezelela ubusika, kepha izimpande zezimbali zithinteka kakhulu. Izithelo zendiza ebangeni likaNick elibhekene nokuthuthwa okuhle nokuhlukanisa okuhle kakhulu kwetshe kusukela epulp.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukutshala izihlahla ze-Nika ezihlukahlukene, umuntu kufanele akhethe inhlabathi enomswakama, lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba engekho amamitha amabili.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala sihlobo, kodwa uma uthengile izitshalo ekwindla, kuzomele uqale u-prikopat uphinde umboze ngamagatsha ephayini, futhi lapho kuqala ubusika ukumboza iqhwa.
Lapho iqhwa licibilika, izithombo kudingeka zihlolwe umonakalo wegundane kanye nokuhlukana kwegatsha. Kubalulekile ukumba ama-saplings ngaphambi kokutshala.
Kungcono ukukhulisa iplamu ehlukahlukene eNike ezindaweni ezikhanyiswe ilanga, ezivikelwe kahle emoyeni obandayo. Ungahlwanyela izihlahla eceleni kocingo, kodwa kuphela ohlangothini lwelanga.
KUBALULEKILE! Uma izihlahla ezide zikhula kusayithi lakho, kuyadingeka ukutshala iplamu ngakwesokunene kubo ukuze bangabi nesithunzi kuso.
Izimbiza zokutshala iplamu zingalungiselelwa ekwindla noma ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, cishe emasontweni ambalwa. Ukujula komgodi kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angu-40 kuya kwangu-50, futhi ububanzi kufanele bube ngamasentimitha angu-60 kuya kwangu-70. Ukudinga izimbobo ezikude ngamamitha amathathu ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Inhlabathi ekhishwe emgodini kumele ixubane nama humus ku-2: 1 isilinganiso. Ngaphambi kokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuba unyakaze isikhonkwane phakathi nendawo yomgodi bese ukhiqiza umcengezi emhlabathini olungiselelwe kuwo. Ngalesi sikhwama ungahlakaza ngokufanayo uhlelo lwempande.
Ehlangothini olusenyakatho yesikhonkwane, kufanele ubeke umquba we-plum, bese ugcwalisa umgodi wokutshala ngomhlaba, njalo ugoqa isithombo ukuze kungabikho izikhala phakathi kwezimpande. Njengoba inhlabathi ithululelwa kuyo, kufanele ihlulwe phansi ngosizo lwezandla. Qinisekisa ukuthi imifino ibonakala ngokucacile.
Ngemuva kokutshala, yenza i-roller ezungeze isihlahla bese uyiqeda phansi. Isihlahla esisodwa sizoba namanzi amabili noma amathathu. Ngemuva kokumunca amanzi, inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe. Izithombo kufanele ziboshwe kwesikhonkwane ngezintambo ezithambile.
Ukunakekela iplamu yezinhlobonhlobo zezifo akufani neze nokukhathalela ezinye izihlahla zezithelo Ukuqapha okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ekuthandeni kwawo umswakama.
Esikhathini esomile, kubalulekile ukuphuza iplamu ngoJuni noJulayi. bese - ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaSepthemba.
Indlela ekhethwa kakhulu yokunisela ithela ngaphansi kwempande, eyenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa okukhethekile okunisela.
Ukuchelela kufanele kusetshenziswe amanzi okushisa ngemisebe yelanga.
Umanyolo ongcono kakhulu we-plums yi-magnesium.Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba ingadi yekwindla ikumba, kufanele uwasebenzise kanye nama-phosphate fertilizer.
Cishe amagremu ama-superphosphate kabili kanye ne-potassium magnesia kufanele ifakwe ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye.
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungakwazi ukucebisa inhlabathi kanye ne-nitrogen fertilizer. Ehlobo, ukukhipha umquba wezinyosi noma izinkomo. Isigqoko sokuqala esiphezulu sivame ukunikezwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuba umuthi uqale ukuqhakaza, futhi ngemva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu enye i-feed inikezwa.
Lapho umuthi ufinyelela eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu ubudala, kuvela amahlumela amaningi kuwo, okudingeka adwetshwe ukuze enze umqhele omuhle. Ukudubula ku-trunk kufanele kususwe esimweni esiluhlaza. Akufanele sikhohlwe ngokususwa kwamahlumela ase-basal. Kubalulekile ukufeza le nqubo izikhathi ezine ehlobo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-plum ye-Nick ehlukahlukene unamandla kakhulu ekuphikiseni izifo eziningi zefungal. Akukho monilioz, noma i-polystigmoz, noma i-klyasterosporioz lesi sihlahla asiyingozi.
Ukuvikela isithelo izicupho ezikhethekile ze-pheromone zingasetshenziswa kusuka ku-moth mothlokho kuzokwenyusa abesilisa bale nambuzane. Kodwa uma inkathazo ibonakala ngobuningi, indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuyiqeda kuyoba ukuphalaza izinambuzane.
Isikhathi sokuqala kufanele senziwe ekupheleni kukaMeyi, kanti okugcina - okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kokuvuna. Isikhathi esiphakathi kokupunga kufanele sibe okungenani amasonto amabili.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Nick zinezinzuzo ezithile kanye nezinye izimo ezingalungile. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko Lokhu kuhlukahluka ukumelana nokuqina kweqhwa, ukuvunwa okuphezulu kanye nezici zomthengi ezinhle kakhulu zezithelo. Kuhle, kahle enye yezingqinamba ezinkulu ingabizwa ngokuthi isivuno esingavamile, onokubhekana nayo ngempela nezinambuzane.
