Izindlela ezifakazelwe zokugcina izaqathe ebusika emhlabathini

Izaqathe isitshalo esivamile semifino abagadi balimi abakhulayo namhlanje.

Ukunakekela kulula, kodwa inqubo yokugcina inezici zayo, kuye ngokuthi ikhwalithi kanye nohlobo lwayo.

Naphezu kwenani elikhulu lezindlela zokulondoloza ukuvuna, ukhetho lokugcina izaqathe ezongcwatshwe emhlabathini luhlala lungathandwa kakhulu.

Izici zesakhiwo

Ama-carrots yizitshalo ze-biennial, ezikwazi ukushisa emazingeni aphansi ngaphansi kwesimo se-dormancy esingajulile. Kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezizwakalayo, ukukhula kwayo kusebenza ngokushesha. Ukuphumula okuphoqelelwe kuyadingeka ukuqedela izinqubo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-degenerative. Entwasahlobo, emva kwesikhathi esithile sokugcina, amahlumela akhiwa. Lokhu kungukuqala kwamahlumela okuzala okuzayo.

Ama-karoti abhekwa njengezitshalo zezolimo. Kungasetshenziswa kokubili okusha, nokugcina isitoreji, ukucubungula. Ukuze isitoreji, sikhule mhlawumbe izinhlobo ezinjengekwephuzile zeqathe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungagcina kuphela lezo zimpande ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezilandelayo:

• ifomu elifanele;
• isivuno esikhulu;
• kuhle ukulala.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze ungalokothi ulahlekelwe yingxenye yokuvuna ngesikhathi sokugcina isitoreji, kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa kwama-0-1 degrees, kanye nomswakama ka-95-100% (ukuthola imininingwane engaphezulu embusweni wokushisa wokugcina izaqathe, bheka lapha).

Kungenzeka yini ukugcina isitshalo sempande emhlabathini?

Le ndlela ivame ukukhethwa yilabo balimi abangenawo phansi. Emhlabathini, ngokulungiselela kahle izimpande izitshalo kanye nelungiselelo lomgodi, isitoreji kuyoba isikhathi eside.

Izinhlobo zokuvuna

Izinhlobo zezinqotshwa kuphela ezikwephuzile zingagcinwa emhlabathini. Okuthandwa kakhulu yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1. Shantane. Lezi zihlukahlukene ngokunakekelwa okufanele kunika isivuno esikhulu.
   • Izitshalo ezimpande zingavunwa ezinsukwini ezingu-140 kusukela lapho imbewu iqhuma
   • izithelo zinobunjwa, ubude bayo buyi-16 cm;
   • ubuso buhle futhi bushelelezi, futhi ukuphela kuyinto encane;
   • ukungafani kwezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi izithelo zawo aziqhubeki.
2. Royal Shantane. Lokhu kuyinhlobo ehlukahlukene yokunikela, ehlonishwa njengeyintandokazi phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-karoti ezinomphela.
   • ukuvuna kwenzeka ngosuku lwe-110 emva kokuhluma;
   • izithelo zinombala obomvu, izimila ezimila;
   • ahluke emgodleni wamanzi, amnandi nesokunwebeka;
   • Izitshalo ezimpande kufanele zitshalwe enhlabathini evulekile kanye nokuchelela okulinganiselayo;
   • ekahle ukugcinwa emhlabathini nge umoya omuhle kakhulu nomswakama ophansi.
3. Ukuphelela Lona ukuhlukahluka kwekwephuzile okusha kokuzaliswa kwekhaya.
   • elibhekwa isivuno esikhulu;
   • ungakwazi ukuvuna, kodwa izinsuku ezingu-125 emva kokuhluma;
   • imifino eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubude bayo buyi-21 cm;
   • ukuma kwe-cylindrical, iphuzu elihle futhi elincane;
   • ingagcinwa izinyanga ezingu-4 ngomswakama owamukelekayo;
   • ukuhlukahluka akuyona into engenasisekelo ngokulima;
   • kungakhula kunoma yiliphi izwe futhi libhekene nesomiso esilinganiselwe.
4. I-Sirkana F1. Lokhu kuyinhlobo ehlukahlukene ye-hybrid eyabonakala kungekudala.
   • ihlukaniswa isivuno esikhulu kanye nekhwalithi elihle lokukhohlisa;
   • Izithelo zokuvuthwa kwenzeka ngosuku lwe-135 emva kokuhluma;
   • izithelo ze-orange, ubude obuyi-20 cm;
   • ukuphela okuphephile okuhlukile, kunomumo wesibindi;
   • Ungakhula kunoma yiliphi izwe elinamanzi okulinganisela.

Izidingo zeSayithi

Ukubeka esitokisini emgodini womhlaba, imifino iyadingeka ngaphandle kokulimala, izimpawu zokubola kanye nokuphambuka okuvela esimweni esijwayelekile njengezitshalo ezicucile kakhulu noma ezikhohlisiwe. Uma isivuno esilondoloziwe se-izaqathe sigcinwa kahle emhlabathini, khona-ke sizokwazi ukulondoloza ukunambitheka nokubukeka kwayo kuze kufike entwasahlobo.

Indawo ekhethiwe kumele ihambisane namazinga alandelayo:

• Akufanele kube nezifo ezihlukahlukene zenhlabathi engadini;
• Isakhiwo senhlezi yasentwasahlobo akufanele sikhanyiswe ngamanzi aqhakazile;
• isakhiwo ngesitshalo sesobunxele akufanele siphazamise umsebenzi wasentwasahlobo engadini.

Indlela yokugcina imifino kuze kufike entwasahlobo?

Engadini

Le ndlela inezici ezilandelayo:

1. Ngenyanga edlule yokuqongelela okungafanelekile akufanele kuphuze insimu.
2. Ukuvuna, khetha usuku olulandelwe yisikhathi ngaphandle kwemvula (mhlawumbe, akufanele kube khona ukuchithwa phakathi nesonto). Khona-ke inhlabathi ayibutheleli umswakama obuningi.
3. Sekuvele kukhishwe iziqongo zeqothu, izinga lomhlabathi kufanele lihambisane nendawo yokusika.
4. Ukugcwalisa umbhede isihlabathi seqenjana elikhulu. Uhlaka lungafanele lube lukhulu kakhulu, u-2-5 cm lwanele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qinisekisa ukuthi awuhlanganisi ngokuphelele indawo enezimpande, kodwa futhi endaweni ezungezile (1 m kusuka embhedeni). Ngenxa yensiza ye-oxygen izogeleza emhlabathini.
5. Vala nge-polyethylene. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa.
6. Isendlalelo esilandelayo sabeka izinto zokwenza ngcono. Lezi zingaba amaqabunga esihlahla, i-peat, i-sawdust.
7. Ukumboza ungqimba wokuqeda nge-polyethylene noma ukuphahlazwa. Siyabonga kuye, kudalwa umshini wokushisa, ovumela ukugcina isitshalo, wangcwatshwa kusukela ebanda, ebusika. Izinto zokugqoka noma ifilimu zilungisa ngokucophelela noma yiziphi izinto eziseduze.

Ama-snowfalls aqhubekayo azodala ukuvikeleka okusizayo esimweni sezulu esibanda, futhi emva kokudonsa izimpande kuzoba isimo esiphelele. Khokha ngokukhethekile ekuvikeleni izaqathe kusuka kumagundane. Lezi zilwane ngeke ziphuthelwe ithuba lokudla imifino esimnandi ebusika. Ukuze uvikeleke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amagatsha e-fir wokugcizelela. Kwanele nje ukubahlakaza ebusweni bendawo yokufudumala.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokugcina izaqathe ensimini kuze kufike entwasahlobo, ungathola lapha.

Buka ividiyo ngendlela yokugcina izaqathe khona ensimini.

Emgodini

Le ndlela ihilela ukugcina ukuvunwa emgodini ohlelekile osiwe esizeni.

Yonke le mithetho ilula kakhulu, ngenkathi isiza ukugcina isivuno isikhathi eside ngezinkomba ezinhle zekhwalithi. Okokuqala udinga ukubamba uchungechunge lwemisebenzi yokulungiselela:

1. Ngaphambi kokukhipha izitshalo ezimpande ezivela emhlabathini akufanele ziphuze.
2. Ukumba amafolda wokusebenzisa.
3. Ungagudli umhlabathi ngemifino, ungawashayi nge-pitchforks. Umphumela onjalo oholela ekubunzeni ama-microtraumas, okuzokwenza kube nzima ukuphepha kwezitshalo ezimpandeni futhi kuholele ekubolekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
4. Izaqathi eziqoqiwe zisalala.
5. Ngemuva kokumisa, susa inhlabathi engaphezulu.
6. Khulisa phezulu. Sika esiqongweni sempande. Ukuphakama kwemifino esele akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka 2-3 cm.
7. Hlunga isivuno.

Manje ungaqhubeka nokukhethwa kwemifino yokubeka emgodini. Kulokho amakhophi aphakathi nendawo afanelekayo. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukulungisa indawo yokubhukimela. Khetha indawo oyidingayo, engekho ngaphansi kwezikhukhula ngamanzi aqhakazile entwasahlobo. Uma izimpande zikhethiwe, ungaya kuthebhu yokugcina.

Kubalulekile! Ukwengeza, faka ama-scarsrs kanye nezicupho lapho ubeka khona ubuthi. Lokhu kuzovikela imifino kusuka ezinambuzane.

Inqubo kanje:

1. Bamba umgodi. Ukujula kwalo ezindaweni lapho ubusika bunobumnandi khona futhi akukho ukushisa okujulile kwenhlabathi akumele kudlule u-30-35 cm. Kulezi zifunda lapho ubusika bunzima khona, ukujula komgodi akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-50-60 cm. Ububanzi bezimbili zombili buzoba ngamasentimitha angu-50.
2. Beka isihlabathi esinamahloni phansi kwegodi. Ubukhulu besendlalelo ngu-2-5 cm. Isihlabathi sivimbela ukuthintana nomhlabathi futhi sinikeza ukushintshaniswa kwe-air.
3. Beka ungqimba wemifino yezimpande. Ukumboza ngesihlabathi kuze kufike ku-10-15 cm kwesobunxele bomgodi.
4. Gcwalisa umhlaba ukuze isendlalelo esiphezulu siphume emaphethelweni emgodi ngo-8-10 cm. Uma ubusika bunzima, ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi lungaba ngu-50 cm ubukhulu.
5. Manje ungaya ku-weatherization. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, sebenzisa amaqabunga ezihlahla, i-peat, i-sawdust, amagatsha ama-fir.

Ukugcina izaqathe emhlabathini kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokugcina imifino ephephile futhi ezwakalayo kuze kufike entwasahlobo ezayo, ngalezi zinhloso ungafaka izaqathe ngqo engadini noma ulungiselele umgodi. Mayelana nokuqaliswa, le ndlela ilula futhi ayithathi isikhathi esiningi., nakuba kudinga ukuhambisana nawo wonke amaphuzu. Indlela yokugcina isithombo sebhitrudi iyafana.