Iqiniso neqiniso ngePhalaenopsis blue orchid: indaba yokubukeka kanye namathiphu kokuqukethwe

Sonke sikhumbula indaba yezinganekwane "I-Scarlet Flower" lapho indodakazi encane icela uyise ukuba alethe imbali enhle kakhulu emhlabeni evela phesheya kwezilwandle. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezimanga zasemaphandleni: umbala we-orchid ongavamile okwesibhakabhaka.

Abathandi be-flower ngokushesha bahlakaza izitshalo ezivela emashalofini futhi bazimisele ukukhokha ngamanani amakhulu. Lapha kuphela abathengi abakucabangayo banombuzo, umbala onjalo omangalisayo uvelaphi?

Ingabe zikhona izikhala ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezigcwele ngokwemvelo kulesi sitshalo?

Ama-orchids, njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izitshalo ezingavamile, zigcwele izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene nemibala.. Kubandakanya emvelweni kunezinhlobo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuyinto ngokwazo engenangqondo. Ngokuwela izinhlobo ezahlukene, ososayensi baye bazuza umbala ofanayo kanye nenhlamvu. Ukunakekela lokhu kulula kakhulu kunokuba abazali babo.

Umlando wezinhlobo ezifakwe ngokugqamile

I-orchid yokuqala ye-interspecific eyakhiwe ngo-1856 yenziwa ngo-1856 nguJohn Domini, futhi emva kweminyaka engu-7, naye wakhula i-hybrid yezigaba ezimbili ezihlukene zesitshalo. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ekukhuliseni kwakuyindlela yokukhulisa le mbali emidlalweni ekhethekile oyinyumba, isazi sesazi saseMelika uKnudson sathuthukisa ngawo-1920.

Ngenxa yalokho, kwaba lula ukugqamisa izakhiwo eziphawuleka kakhulu zezithombo bese zithuthukisa. Namuhla, inani lezinhlobo ze-orchid ezikhulile ngokweqile selivele lidlule amakhulu ezinkulungwane.

Izinhlobonhlobo zombala wezulu

• Ukukhuluma ngama-orchids aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, into yokuqala abakhumbula ngayo Wande. Indawo engokwemvelo yale mbali enhle iseningizimu yeChina, iThailand, enyakatho nasempumalanga ye-India. Lesi sitshalo sinemipande eqinile ehlela phansi ekujuleni kwamamitha amathathu. Kodwa isici sayo esibaluleke kunazo zonke yizinhlobonhlobo zembala: ophuzi, obomvu, omhlophe, ngisho namacwecwe kanye nemigqa. Ngeshwa, ukukhathalela lezi zinhlobonhlobo kudinga umzamo omkhulu nesipiliyoni, ngakho uzothola i-hybrid esikhundleni se-wanda yangempela ezitolo.
• I-Ascocendsy - Lona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu olutholakala emasimini phakathi kwama-orchids. Yakha kusukela ekudlukeni kweWanda no-Ascocentrum okukhulunywe ngenhla futhi inebala lombala okwesibhakabhaka. Imbali ayiyona inhlanhla futhi ikhula kalula ekhaya.
• Noma kunjalo, okuvame ukutholakala emashalofini ethu i-phalaenopsis eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Igama lembali livela ku-phalania yesiGreki - "i-moth" ne-opsis - "ukufanana", njengoba okokuthola okokuthoma kuthatha la ma-orchid ukuze kuqhume izinambuzane. Kulula futhi kuyamjabulisa ukunakekela isitshalo ngisho nomuntu oqala ukuhlola izimbali, futhi ungakwazi ukujabulela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezimbali cishe cishe unyaka wonke. I-Shades, nayo, yonke into enhle: kusuka kumhlophe obala oya obala obomvu. Kodwa lapha kukhona izinhlanzi: Phalaenopsis ayinayo pigment yemvelo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka! Khona-ke yini esiyithengisa kangaka ezitolo?

Ukuncintisana kwabalimi noma inqubo yokumaketha?

Ngesikhathi sokuqala ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi i-phalaenopsis eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ikhona, umhlaba ukhulume ngo-2011. Okokuqala, i-orchid emangalisayo yanikezwa ipulazi esuka eSouth Florida, bese kuthi "i-Geest Orchideeën" iveza ukuthi ibonakala kanjani. Kubonakala sengathi - ukuzwa!

Kodwa-ke, kuzo zombili izimo, lezi zimbali zazihlotshiswe ngombala ophephile. Futhi kuphela Ekuqaleni kuka-2013, i-orchid yangempela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yanikezwa enkomfeni yaseJapane. - Umphumela womsebenzi omude wezakhi zofuzo nababelethi. Inhlobo entsha ebizwa ngePhalaenopsis Aphrodite.

Kodwa-ke, abathengisi abaningi, bekwazi ngokubaluleka kwe-phalaenopsis engavamile, banquma ukuzimela ngokuzimela ngombala oyifunayo ngokufaka inki engxenyeni, empini noma nge-peduncle. Inkohliso isebenza, izimpahla zithengiswa ngempumelelo, kodwa abathengi bayamangala kakhulu lapho ngesikhathi esizayo imbali ihlakaza amahlumela amhlophe.

Futhi lokhu kungcono kakhulu: ngokuvamile uvame ukufa ngenxa yobuthi. Ngakho-ke, hlola i-orchid ngokucophelela. Uma kuphela i-peduncle enemibala, khona-ke konke kungagcinwa ekufeni okungekudala kwe-Budget. Uma ijojwe kwezinye izingxenye, kungenzeka ukuthi ilahlekelwe isitshalo sonke.

Ukunakekelwa ekhaya

Ukukhanyisa nokushisa

Kusukela emvelweni, izimbali zijwayele ukukhanya okungafani, izitshalo zizochuma kahle entshonalanga noma empumalanga. Kodwa ukubeka ibhodlela enhlangothini enyakatho noma eningizimu akunconywa, ngoba okokuqala kuyoba khona ukuntuleka kokukhanya, futhi okwesibili - ukukhululeka. Ukushisa okuhle kakhulu ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukiseni ama-orchid kuyinto + 25 ° С. Futhi ukuze i-orchid ivame ukujabulela izimbali, ukushisa kokushisa ebusuku kumele kube yi-5-10 degrees.

Kubalulekile: Uma izinga lokushisa liwela nge-15 ° C noma ngaphezulu, lesi sitshalo singase sishaye futhi sibune.

Umswakama

Umswakama oduduzayo wembali - 50-70%. Ebusika, lapho umoya ngenxa yokushisa iba yimbi, kunconywa ukuthi uphefwe kanye ngosuku ngosuku. Ungakwazi futhi ukubeka okwesikhashana isitshalo epanini ngamagatsha namanzi.

Ukunisela

Ukugcwalisa i-substrate ngomswakama kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. Okokuqala, ukucwiliswa kancane kwembiza emanzini afudumele emaminithini angu-15-30, khona-ke isitshalo siyothola inani elidingekayo lemanzi. Olunye ukhetho lokunisela ukusebenzisa ishayela esishisayo, esingaphansi kwengcindezi noma isitsha sokunisela.

Ngokuba ama-orchid, umswakama owedlulele uyingozi ngaphezu kokuntuleka kwawo, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokunisela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi iyomile ngokuphelele.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukuthenga nje isitshalo akudingeki ukondle. Kodwa emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa kufanele kuqale ukutshala. Kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye emva kwamasonto amane. Kulokhu kuzoxhomeka kwikhwalithi yezimbali.

Ukutshala lesi sitshalo kufanele kube lapho inhlabathi imanzi, kungenjalo ingabangela ukushisa izimpande.

Ukufakelwa

Uma izimpande zembali sezikhulile kangangokuthi baqala ukususa inhlabathi, sekuyisikhathi sokutshalaLena inqubo ebaluleke kakhulu yesitshalo okumele yenziwe ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka.

1. Udinga ukususa ngokucophelela isitshalo bese unquma izingxenye ezibolile.
2. Bese ubeka amanzi embizeni phansi bese ugcwalisa ngomunye wesithathu we-substrate.
3. Ngemva kwalokhu, faka ngaphakathi kwendlela yokuqothula bese uyimboza ngokucophelela ngomhlaba, ngaphandle kokuthinta izimpande zendawo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha ukubunjwa okulungile komhlaba.. Izimpande zidinga umoya omuhle, ngakho-ke inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganise izinkuni zezinkuni namalahle, ama-moss, i-perlite noma itshe elichotshoziwe.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo mayelana nokufakelwa kabusha kwe-orchid efanele:

Ukuzala

Uma kukhona isifiso sokwenza ama-orchid ukutshala ekhaya, ngezansi kukhona izindlela ezintathu zokwenza.

Izingane

Ungasusa izikali ezivela ezinseni ezilele ngamehlo abukhali, bese usebenzisa i-cytokinin amafutha. Qinisekisa ukuthi izinso ngokwazo azilimazi..

Noma faka i-sphagnum ezinso, bese umboza nge-polyethylene. Ngokushesha izingane ezifunayo nezimpande zokuqala zivela.

Cuttings

I-Peduncle inqunywe phansi futhi ihlukaniswe izingxenye 3-4 amasentimitha ubude. Phakathi nendawo yokusika kufanele kube yizinso ezilele. Izigaba zifafazwa ngamakhadi amalahle bese zifakwa endaweni efudumele, emanzi. I-sphagnum efanayo izokwenza umthombo wokulondoloza umswakama.

Ibhodi: Ungakwenza kube lula. Lapho imbali imise ukucubungula, inqunywa futhi ifakwe kwisisombululo ngomanyolo. Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ukusika ngelanga elanele, bese kuthi emva kwezinyanga ezingu-1-2 amahlumela azovela kuwo.

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo kwi-orchid reproduction ngokusika:

Isitoreji esitokisini

Uma lesi sitshalo sikhulu futhi sinempilo, ngokuvamile sineziphuzo ezengeziwe nezimpande zawo. Kulesi simo, i-rosette encane ihlukaniswa nommese oyinyumba noma i-pruner, ephathwa ngamadota noma amalahle, eyomile, bese itshalwe embizeni entsha. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngosuku lwesithathu emva kokufakelwa kokutshala..

Sincoma ukubukela ividiyo nge-orchid reproduction ngokuhlukanisa isokhethi:

Izinambuzane nezifo

1. I-Phalaenopsis ilahlekelwa ukubukeka kwayo kwangaphambili ngenxa yokunakekelwa okungalungile. Isibonelo, ama-leaf wilting ngokuvamile ahlotshaniswa nokuntuleka komswakama, kanti uma amaqabunga ebola bese ephuzi, ukuchelela kufanele kunciphise. Kulezi zimo kunconywa ukuhlola uhlelo lwempande lokuba khona kwezimpande ezomile noma ezibolile. Uma kunjalo, zisuswa.
2. Uma kukhona ukukhanya okweqile, amaqabunga abukeka ephaphathekile futhi ashiswa, amabala amnyama avela kubo. Ukunciphisa usayizi wamaqabunga, isicwebezelayo, ukungabi nalutho kwezimbali kubonisa ukunyuka okukhulu.
3. Uma imbali engenakho izakhi, amaqabunga ayo akhula aphuze, futhi uma ukhathaza ngemifuno, ukushiswa komkhiqizo ophuzi kubonakala kubo.
4. Uma izimo zifinyelelwa, futhi isitshalo siphelile, kuyisifo esiyinambuzane noma isifo.
5. Ngakho-ke, i-phalaenopsis ingaphansi kokuhlaselwa ama-aphid, izinsizane ezinesihlangu, izinhlanzi, i-thrips. Ukuziqeda, lesi sitshalo sihlanzwa, bese kuphela siqhubekele ekusetshenzisweni kwezibulala-zinambuzane.
6. Imbali nayo isengozini yebala elimnyama, i-rot, i-fungal kanye nezifo zegciwane. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile ngokwemiyalo.

Isiphetho

Okokugcina, amathiphu ambalwa kulabo abafuna ukuthenga i-orchid eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Yebo Imbali exotic ingcono ukuthenga embukisweni.. Futhi uma unquma ukufihla i-phalaenopsis enezinwele, ungakhohlwa ukucabangela indawo yokujola futhi ungathathi isitshalo esizobhujiswa. Kodwa ngisho nalapho umbala uzokwehla, unakekele ngenkuthalo isilwane sakho esisha, khona-ke uzokujabulela ngobuhle bakhe iminyaka eminingi!