I-Mirikaria isitshalo esinqandayo esidla ubhedu esibalulekile kubalimi abaningi ngenxa yesakhiwo samahlamvu angajwayelekile. Ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi eziluhlaza okhanyayo, izihlahla zalo ezihlanzekile zihlobisa ingadi yangaphambili ngamagatsha esiliva scaly.
Izici eziyinhloko ze-myricaria
Lesi sitshalo se-perennial singokomndeni womndeni futhi sibukeka ngokufana ne-heather. Igama laso yigama lamagama esiLatini elithi heather (mirica). Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-myricaria yi-Eshiya (ukusuka eTibet kuye e-Altai), isatshalaliswa kabanzi emathafeni aseChinese naseMongolia. Ibuye ihlale kumapulafini nakumagquma, ikhuphuka ifinyelele kubude obuyi-1.9 km ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Isihlahla sinamahlumela obomvu obomvu noma ophuzi obomvana onsundu onesikali esincane samahlamvu. Izihlahla ezisabalala phansi eziphansi endaweni enethezekile zifinyelela ku-1-1,5 m, yize izitshalo zitholakala emvelweni kuze kufike kumamitha angama-4 ukuphakama. Ububanzi babameleli bengadi ngu-1.5 m.
Ehlathini, kukhona amahlumela akhuphukayo ayi-10 - 20, abushelelezi ngesakhiwo esiqinile. Amagatsha ama-lateral amafushane ambozwe ngamaqabunga amnyama anamnyama, umbala wamapuleti amaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani. Isikhathi semifino yesitshalo sihlala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kuya kuqhwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, noma ngaphandle kwama-inflorescence, kusebenza njengomhlobiso wensimu engaphambili noma ingadi.
I-Myricaria iqhakaza maphakathi no-Meyi futhi ijabulisa ngama-buds obucayi izinyanga ezimbili. Ukuqhakaza okude kangaka kungenxa yokuvulwa kancane kancane kwezimbali. Okokuqala, ziyaqhakaza amahlumela aphansi eduze komhlabathi, futhi ngasekupheleni kwehlobo - eziqongweni zesitshalo. Imbali eyodwa ihlala ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyi-5. Kumabhulashi amade afinyelela ku-40 cm ukuphakama, kwakheka i-inflorescence enjenge-spike. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, izimbali zakhiwa eziqongweni zeziqu noma kumaqabunga eqabunga leqabunga. Amabhulashi asakazeke ngokuningana ngezimbali ezincane ezipinki nezinsomi.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kuqediwe, imbewu iyavuthwa. Aqoqwe ebhokisini eliphakeme le-pyramidal. Imbewu emincane kakhulu ine-whesish pubescence.
Izinhlobo
Ngokwesiko, izinhlobo ezimbili ze-myricaria ziyaziwa:
- Daurian;
- foxtail.
Mirikaria daurskaya, ihlala isikhathi eside, ihlala itholakala eningizimu yeSiberia ne-Altai. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, amahlumela amancane ambozwe ngegxolo eliluhlaza okotshani, okuthi eminyakeni elandelayo ibe nsundu. Amahlamvu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mncane, afinyelela ku-5-10 mm ubude, futhi buyi-1-3 mm kuphela ububanzi. Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga ku-oblong noma i-ovoid, ingxenye engenhla ichithwa ngezindlala ezincane.
Ifomu le-inflorescences kuma-lateral (asebekhulile) kanye nama-apical (unyaka owodwa). Uhlobo lwama-inflorescence alula noma ayinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, aluhlaza. Okokuqala, ama-peduncles ayafinyezwa, kepha ngokuvula ama-buds abe made. Ekhronikini kuze kufinyelele ku-6 mm ubukhulu yi-calyx emincane, usayizi ongu-3-4 mm. Amacembe apinki aphambili aphuma ku-5-6 mm phambili futhi anobubanzi obuyi-2 mm. Ama-stamens anezinhlayiya ezihlotshisa ukucwaswa okuvela esibelethweni. Kwisikhohlo esidlulile senhliziyo kukhona imbewu emide efinyelela ku-1,2 mm ubude nge-awn ethile ye-pubescent.
Foxtail Mirikaria, noma, ngombono wabanye abalimi, i-foxtail ivame kakhulu eNtshonalanga Yurophu, naseMpumalanga Ekude nase-Asia Ephakathi. Izihlahlana eziphansi ezinamaqabunga aqondile futhi akhuphukayo asakazwa ngamaqabunga ajwayelekile anamanzi. Umbala weshidi uyisiliva elinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukusuka maphakathi noMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, iziqu ezingenhla zihlotshiswe ngamakhekhe ama-inflorescences apinki. Izimbali zimboza kakhulu i-peduncle futhi ziqala ukuvula kusuka ngaphansi, ngaphansi kwesisindo se efihlekile, isiqu sivame ukuwela ku-arc. Kuze kube kuvuleke ukuqhuma, isiqu sezimbali singaba ngu-10 cm ubude futhi sifana nesigaxa esiminyene, kepha, lapho siqhuma, size sibe ngama-30-40 cm bese siqala ukukhululeka.
Ekwindla yokuqala, ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kuqala. Ngenxa yokubukeka okumhlophe kwembewu emikhawulweni yamagatsha, amahlumela amakhulu afana nomsila wempungushe onemikhawulo egqamile. Kulesi sici, isitshalo sathola igama laso.
Ukuzala
Lapho kusakazwa imbewu, kubalulekile ukubheka izimo zokugcina, ngoba ngokushesha zilahlekelwa yimpahla yazo. Gcina imbewu emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kufakelo lwamanzi olungavaliwe. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu ivuselelwa isonto lonke esiqandisini ekushiseni kwe + 3 ... + 5 ° C. Ngemuva kwale nqubo, izinga lokuhluma lidlula i-95%. Ngaphandle kokuhlwanyelwa, ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yezithombo iyohluma.
Hlwanyela imbewu emabhokisini ngaphandle kokujula noma ukufafaza nomhlaba. Kukhethwa indlela yokudonsa noma yokukhuphuka kokuthoba inhlabathi. Kakade ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3 imbewu iyagoqana bese kuvela impande encane. Kwakhiwa ihlumela ngemuva kwesonto. Izithombo eziqinisiwe zidluliselwa engadini ngemuva kokuqala kokushisa okuqinile, ngoba isithwathwa esincane sizobhubhisa izitshalo.
Kusebenza kangcono ukusakaza i-myricaria ngokusika nokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Ngalezi zinhloso, amahlumela amadala (asemapulangwe) kanye namahlumela amancane (wonyaka) afanelekile. Ukuzisika nokusika izimpande kungabakhona kuyo yonke inkathi yezitshalo. Ubude bawo kufanele bube ngama-25 cm, futhi ubukhulu bezimpawu eziqinile - 1 cm.
Abasiki abasanda kusikwa bacwiliswa amahora angama-1-3 kusisombululo se-alcohol-alcohol sokuvuselela ukukhula (i-Epin, Heteroauxin noma iKornevin). Ukufakelwa ngokushesha kwenziwa kangcono kumabhodwe alungiselelwe noma emabhodleleni epulasitiki. Yize izimpande zakhiwa ngokushesha futhi lesi sitshalo sikulungele ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, ukuzwela kwawo ukubanda kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kuphakeme kakhulu. Kwisimo sezulu esibandayo, amahlumela amancane awabusika kahle. Kepha entwasahlobo yonyaka wesibili, zingatshalwa ngokuphepha engadini futhi ungesabi ubusika obuzayo.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
IMirikaria ayonakaliswa yizifo ezahlukahlukene futhi iyamelana nezilokazane. Uyazithoba kakhulu. Ibekezelela kalula iqhwa lasebusika kuze kufike ku-40 ° and kanye nokushisa kwehlobo kuze kufike ku + 40 ° ะก.
Inhlabathi evundile nenhlabathi evundile ye-peat kufanelekile ukutshala. Incamela indawo engathathi hlangothi noma enobuthi obuncane. IMirikaria iyamelana nesomiso, noma ekushiseni idinga ukuthambisa kancane, kepha enhlabathini enomswakama iyakhula futhi iqhume kakhulu. Uma kungekho mvula, amalitha ayi-10 amanzi esihlahleni esanele kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Ibekezelela umswakama ngokweqile kanye nezikhukhula zenhlabathi zesikhashana.
Ngokufakwa kwenhlabathi kwenhlabathi ngonyaka ngezinto ezi-organic (i-peat noma i-humus), umbala wamaphalishi nohlaza luba ngaphezulu. Ngesikhathi sonyaka, ungenza ukugqokwa kwesihlahla ngama-1-2 ngamanyolo womhlaba wonke wezitshalo ze-heather.
Ngokutshala, izindawo ezinombala omncane wengadi zingcono. Isitshalo sivame ukubekezelela ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ilanga lasemini lingashisa amahlumela amasha.
Kancane kancane, izihlahla ziba namafutha, lapho iminyaka engama-7-8 isitshalo siphulukana kakhulu nokukhanga kwayo. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, udinga ukwenza ukuthena okujwayelekile. Kwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili:
- ekwindla - ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa;
- entwasahlobo - ukususa amagatsha aqandisiwe nawomile.
Amagatsha okusakazeka awasengozini yemimoya enamandla, ngakho-ke adinga indawo ekhethekile noma indawo yokuhlala ezindaweni ezinomoya opholile. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo siboshwe ukuze sisize ekulweni nokushayelwa yiqhwa noma imimoya enamandla yomoya. Ukukhula okusha kungagobeka emhlabathini ekwindla.
Sebenzisa
IMirikaria izosebenza njengesengezo esihle ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izinto zemvelo nezokufakelwa. Kusetshenziswa njengethipeworm noma ekutshaleni kweqembu emibhedeni yezimbali. Umakhelwane owuthandayo ngezitshalo eziluhlaza ezimnyama nezinwebekayo, kanye nasengadini ye-rose.
