I-orchid idume ngobuhle bayo futhi iyinkimbinkimbi ekulimeni. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke ama-orchid azinangqondo kakhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezingafaki izidingo eziningi ekunakekeleni kwazo. Enye yezinhlobo ezinjalo yi-Cymbidium Orchid.
Lesi sihloko sizohlanganisa konke mayelana nokukhula, ukuzalanisa kanye nezinambuzane ezikwazi ukuhlasela i-Cymbidium enhle, esithombeni esingabonisa le mbali.
Incazelo emfushane yalokho uhlobo lwesitshalo
Izinhlobo ezichazweyo zibhekisela emagqumeni ajwayelekile, ayingxenye ye-genus epiphytic. Izwe labo liyi-subtropics yase-Asia, e-Australia, kanye nezinye izingxenye ze-Himalaya.
Incazelo enhle ye-botanical
Amaqabunga asayizi obukhulu, angafinyelela ku-25-28 amasentimitha ngobude. Ngezinye izikhathi uthatha uhlobo lwe-oval ngokuphela okubukhali, futhi kunezinhlobo ezineziphetho ezimbi. Umbala weziplathi zamashidi ugcwele, uhlaza. Ukuthinta akuzona okuqinile, okunomzimba.
I-Peduncle iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zesikhathi eside. Ngezinye izikhathi likhula ngamasentimitha angu-150 ubude. Ifomu le-Inflorescences kulo mcibisholo wezimbali ongahlala phansi ngaphansi kwesisindo samagundane, ngaleyo ndlela udale ama-brushes aphelele.
Ubukhulu befihlekile evuliwe buxhomeke ngokuphelele ezimweni ezikhulayo. Ukufinyelela okungaphezulu kakhulu no-11 cm ububanzi. Umbala wezinhlayiya ungahluka kakhulu, ukwazi ukujabulisa ngisho nombala wezimbali ezifuna kakhulu futhi owonakele. Imibala itholakele futhi i-ayisikhilimu kuphela, futhi ngisho nokukhanya okuluhlaza.
Umlando we
Ukuqoshwa kokuqala kwe-Cymbidium kubonakala eminyakeni engama-20 edlule eChina. Futhi kuze kube manje lesi siko sande emazweni ase-Asia. Kodwa-ke, ngokumangalisayo, izinhlobo zezimbali ezincane zenani eliphezulu. Zibhalwe ngokukhethekile nabalimi.
Thenga lolu hlobo luyinkinga kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-14 eJapane banikeza isigaba se-orchid, ngenkathi behlukanisa ngezihlobo namafomu. Ngekhulu le-17, i-Cymbidium yaba yithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abacebile. Futhi okwamanje le mbali isiyatholakala kuwo wonke umuntu.
Uyini umehluko kwezinye izinhlobo?
Okuphawulekayo kokukhula lokhu kuhlukahluka ezimfuno zayo zokunakekelwa. Amazinga okushisa komoya akufanele abe phezulu, ukuchelela - avame futhi amaningi, futhi inhlabathi isisindo, eyodwa ezobamba umswakama ebhodweni.
Izinhlobo ezinamagama nezithombe
Sisho kuphela izidume kakhulu, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuchaza zonke i-subspecies ngenxa yezinombolo ezingenakubalwa.
Aloellitic
Enye yezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu. Amamentimitha angaba ngu-30 kuphela akhula afike ekuphakameni, futhi izimbali zingafinyelela ngamasentimitha angu-4-5 ububanzi. Bane-tint ye-bardic exutshwe ukhilimu ophaphathekile.
Abourneum
Igama lesibili le-orchid - lendlovu - linikezwa ngenxa yombala wezinhlamvu. Asemhlophe ngokuchichima kancane kokuphuza. Iphunga lalezi zimbali liphuma lifana nephunga le-lilac.
Tracy
Zitshala ngezimbali zombala kalamula ngezingqimba ezibomvu. Ama-buds akhula afike ku-12 cm ububanzi, futhi i-peduncle ngokwayo ingafinyelela ubukhulu bemitha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nangaphezulu. Emcibisholo owodwa wezithelo uhlala kalula kuze kufinyelele ku-20 amafihle kanyekanye. I-lip i-velvet, inamathebhu namabala womthunzi okhanyayo.
Izimbali
Nini futhi kanjani?
Ekhaya, amaqabunga aqala ukwakha ezinyangeni zokugcina zehlobo. (Ngendlela, lonke isikhathi sasehlobo ungagcina i-orchid ngaphandle). Lapho nje izimbali zokuqala ziqala ukuvela, i-Cymbidium ingcono ibekwe egumbini.
Abanye abalimi bembali basika izinhlanzi zezimbali bese benza izimbali. Amalungiselelo enjalo enombala asetshenziselwa isikhathi eside.
Sinikeza ukubuka ividiyo mayelana nezici ze-cymbidium yezimbali:
Ngaphambi nangemva kwemifula
Ngaphambi kokusila, into eyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngesitshalo ngokukhanya okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.. Lesi sici siyisihluthulelo sokuchichima okuningi. Kodwa emva kokuqhakaza, kuyadingeka ukunikeza u-Cymbidium ukuphumula. Ukwenza lokhu, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umswakama wenhlabathi kanye kanye njalo emva kwamasonto amabili, futhi uyeke ukudla ngokujwayelekile. Kulo modi, i-orchid kufanele iphile inyanga.
Kuthiwani uma ama-buds engabonakali?
Ungayinakekela kanjani imbali ukuvela emcibisholo?
Umlimi kufanele akhiphe isitshalo ngalezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- ukukhanya okuningi okuma;
- umehluko wamazinga okushisa nsuku zonke (cishe ama-5-6 degrees);
- umoya othomisiwe;
- ukuchithwa okuvamile kwesimo se-Cymbidium.
Imiyalo yokunakekelwa okuningiliziwe ekhaya
Ukukhetha indawo
Njengoba le orchid, njengazo zonke ezinye, idinga ukukhanya okuningi, "indawo yokuhlala" kumele ikhethwe ukuba ibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga elangeni akuwa phezu kwembali, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokushisa. Ehlobo, ungenza ibhodlela ngesitshalo emgwaqweni. Lokhu kungenziwa uma nje izinga lokushisa lomoya ebusuku lihlala ngaphezulu kuka-10 degrees Celsius. Uma izinga lokushisa liwela ngaphansi kwalokhu, kungase kube yingozi empilweni ye-Cymbidum.
Iyiphi inhlabathi nommbila wokutshala?
Ukuze ukutshala kokuqala, ibhodlela kufanele ibe ngu-12-15 amasentimitha ububanzi. Akusekho, kungenjalo ukukhula konke kuzoya kuphela ohlelweni lwempande. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpande zibamba iqhaza kwinqubo ye-photosynthesis, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izimbiza ezibonakalayo kuphela.
Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi, kungcono ukungayithengi ilungile. Isizathu siwukuthi wonke ama-substrates ama-orchid akhanya kakhulu futhi alungele ngendlela yokuthi avimbele amanzi aphelile.
Kodwa i-Cymbidium idinga izimo eziphambene - umswakama kufanele ube ebhodweni. Ngakho-ke, ingxube yensimu izodinga ukuzilungiselela.
Ukuze ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi yemifino umlimi kuyodinga:
- i-pine bark;
- i-sphagnum moss;
- ama-humus amaqabunga;
- isihlabathi somfula;
- amalahle;
- i-perlite, umsebenzi wayo ukugcina umswakama.
Lezi zakhi zithathwa ngokulingana kwe-3: 2: 1: 1: 1: 1 futhi uhlanganise kahle.
Ukushisa
I-Cymbidium ikhetha amakamelo apholile. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi kwakhiwa amafihlethi kanye nezimbali kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa ezingeni lika 13-19 degrees of heat. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwe-orchid umoya kufanele ube opholile - cishe ama-10-15 degrees. Ungakhohlwa umehluko phakathi kwamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku, okuvame ukuba yiziqu ezinhlanu.
Ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, umoya osegumbini akufanele ukhishwe ngaphansi kwama-degree ayisishiyagalombili ngaphezulu kwezinga.
Umswakama
Lesi sakhi akufanele siwe ngaphansi kwezingu-50%. Ngokufanele, umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ku-80-90%.
Ukukhanyisa
I-Cymbidium idinga ukukhanya okuningi.. Ehlobo, lesi simo kulula ukuhlinzeka, njengoba ilanga livame ukuchichima, futhi usuku lokukhanya lube lude kakhulu. Kodwa ngesikhathi sebusika ukukhanya kuba nzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise usizo lwe-fitolamps. Kuhle ukubeka lesi sitshalo ngakwesokunene kwegumbi. Ebusika, imisebe yelanga ayishisa kakhulu, ivele ihlinze ukukhanya.
Ukunisela
Ebusika, ekushiseni okungaba ngu-15-17 degrees, inhlabathi iyaswakanyiswa okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Uma ukushisa kwanda, kanti umswakama wehla, bese kuthi umvuthwandaba wokukhuphuka ukwanda. Kukhona kakade ukubuka isimo sesistimu yezimpande. Ehlobo, inhlabathi iswakanyiswe njalo ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa.
Uma i-Cymbidium ivulekile, bese-ke lapho uhlela isimiso sokunisela, kubalulekile ukucabangela imvula, uma kuneziningi zazo, khona-ke asikho isidingo sokunisela ukufakelwa.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukutshala lesi sitshalo kangcono ngokushesha ngokuphuzisa. Njengoba kunjalo ngaleyondlela ukufaka umanyolo kufinyelela emhlabathini ngokulinganayo. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo kunondliwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zokunisela 2-3. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza futhi kungakapheli inyanga ngemuva kokudla kuyeke ngokuphelele.
Ukufakelwa
Lokhu kukhwabanisa kwenziwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ngokuvamile, ukufakelwa kuhlanganiswe nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Lapha into esemqoka ukwenza konke ngokucophelela nangokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi uhlelo lwempande.
Sinikeza ukubuka ividiyo mayelana nokufakelwa kwe-cymbidium:
Unganda kanjani?
Lolu hlobo lwe-orchid luyasakazwa ngokuhlukaniswa kwama-rhizomes. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela uma uhlelo lwempande lugcwele ngokwanele futhi lwakhiwa.
Inqubo yokwahlukanisa ama-orchid:
- Imbali yonke isusiwe ebhodweni.
- Hlukanisa lesi sitshalo zibe izingxenye ezimbili ukuze izingxenye ezimbili zibe ne-bulba encane futhi eyodwa, endala. Ku-bulba yokugcina ukuthi zonke izakhi ezidingekayo yi-Cymbidium ngesikhathi sokuqala emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo zigcinwa.
- Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa, susa izimpande ezigulayo. futhi ezinempilo zinqunywe ngendlela yokuthi izimpande ezingu-0.1 kuphela zihlala. Sinqamula izingosi ezinqunywe ngamakhaza achotshoziwe futhi sivumele ukuthi i-rhizome isomile.
- Sitshala isitshalo esahlukanisiwe enhlabathini enomswakama futhi ehlanganisiwe.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Ezindaweni ezivulekile, kungcono ukutshala ibhodlela ngesitshalo entabeni ukuze ugweme izinambuzane ezincane emhlabathini.
Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-30 zezidumbu zingahlasela i-orchid.. Phakathi kokuvamile kunezinambuzane zesicabucabu, ama-aphid, izinambuzane ezincane nezimpethu. kanye nama-bulb. Indlela yokubhekana nayo iyafana: kathathu ukwelashwa nezinambuzane ezinezinsuku ezingu-5-7. Khumbula ukususa izindawo ezilimele ngaphambi kokuphalaza.
Kudingeka ukuthi ulandele ngokuqinile iziyalezo kumuthi, ukuze ungalimazi i-Cymbidium.
Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene
Kunezinyathelo eziningana zokugwema ubunzima ngenkathi kukhula i-Cymbidium.:
- kungcono ukubeka ama-flowerpots emagatsheni (lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka kohlelo lwempande);
- hlola isitshalo njalo futhi ususe izindawo ezilimele;
- yenza izinqubo zokuhlanzeka ngokusebenzisa izinaliti ze-tincture;
- disinfect izimbiza ngaphambi kokutshala.
Sinikeza ukubuka ividiyo mayelana nezinkinga ezingenzeka kanye namaphutha ekukhuleni kwe-cymbidium:
Ezikhathini zasendulo, i-orchid enjalo yayitholakala kuphela kubacebile, futhi manje sinenhlanhla ngokwanele yokuba khona kweCymbidium ithengwe ngokuthengisa. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuwazisa leli thuba futhi unakekele kahle lesi sitshalo.
