I-Armenia ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa ye-apricot enhle. Sekuyisikhathi eside sikhulile eNdiya naseChina. Ngenxa yokubambisana kwezwe, lezi zithelo ezimangalisayo ziye zasakazeka emhlabeni jikelele. I-apricot ingumuthi ongagula izifo, kodwa ezimweni zethu zezulu zingathinteka yizifo ezihlukahlukene zefungal. Ngakho-ke, ukwandisa umuthi we-apricot engadini yakho, udinga ukulungiselela ukulwa nezifo zalesi siko. Ngezansi izifo ezivamile kakhulu ze-apricot nezindlela zokwelashwa kwazo.
Monilioz
I-Moniliasis noma izithelo zokubola isifo esibangelwa i-marsupial fungus monilia. Iphakathi kwezifo ezibhubhisa kakhulu zezithelo zamatshe. Ngokwemvelo yesibonakaliso, izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-moniliosis zihlukaniswa: ukushisa komzimba nokugqoka izithelo ezimpunga. Cabanga ukuvikela i-apricot ngokumelene nale fungi.
Monilial burn
I-apricot yemithi yezimbali ivela ngoMashi, kanti isivuno siqoqwa ngoJulayi-Agasti. Ukushisa kwamanye amazwe kuyindlela evamile yasentshonalanga ye-moniliosis. Ubusika obushushu obungavamile bubhekwa njengezimbangela zalesi sifo, ngoba emazingeni okushisa aphansi wonke amagciwane e-moniliosis ngokuvamile afa. Ukuqubuka kwezihlahla ze-apricot kuqhuma ngezikhathi zama-apricot ezimbali zezimbali, ezimvula ezinamanzi nezomvula (ubuhlungu kanye namazolo).
Izimpawu. Isibonakaliso sokushisa komnoni ukubola kwembali. 
Umbala wendabuko wezilwane uphenduka ube mnyama. Kulesi simo, izinkuni ziphenduka nsundu bese zifa ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yokungena kwe-pathogen ekuvukeni okuvulekile ngokusebenzisa imbali. Ngenxa yalokho, ingxenye yonke yezimbali zomuthi iyoma. Ngokuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwesifo, i-fungus ihlasela amahlumela amancane. Lokhu kubangela ukubola kwamagatsha amaningi esihlahla; amaqabunga aqala ukulenga, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi aphendulela omnyama futhi anzima. Ngokuvamile amagatsha awawa phansi, ahlala emagatsheni kuze kufike entwasahlobo ezayo. Imifantu ivela emagatsheni aminyene, aphenduke abe amanxeba ngokucindezeleka okukhulu kwegum. Umuthi ubonakala sengathi ushiswe ngomlilo. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, i-apricot ingase ife ngokuphelele.
Ukulwa nalesi sifo. Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokushisa komzimba, kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa zonke izingxenye ezigulayo zesitshalo. Lokhu kungamisa ukusakazeka kwesifo emahlumela. Emva kwamasonto amabili kuya kwangu-3 emva kokusila, phinda inqubo. Ukubonakaliswa kwesifo kungenzeka ngendlela yokubola izithelo. Kubalulekile ukuqoqa nokubhubhisa zonke izithelo ezibolile. Ngokushisa komzimba, ukuchithwa nge-3% ye-Bordeaux liquid noma 0.9% i-oxychloride yethusi iyasebenza. Ungayinaki ukuwashwa kwamhlophe, kwenzeke ekupheleni kwekwindla - ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda.
Izithelo Grey Rot
Ukuvuna izithelo yihlobo oluhlukahlukene lwehlobo lwe-moniliosis, oluvela esimweni sezulu esinomsoco phakathi kwamasonto adlule ngaphambi kokuvuna i-apricot. Lesi yisifo esivame kakhulu se-apricot, isithelo sesithelo sibolile ngokoqobo, sakha ukubola okubomvu nesibhakabhaka esimhlophe.
Izimpawu zokugula. Okokuqala, indawo encane ebomvu ivela ku-apricot, eseza futhi iyancipha, futhi ekugcineni igubungele isithelo sonke. Ngaphezulu kwe-gray scurf white scurf yenziwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-apricot aqina futhi abola. 
Izindlela zomzabalazo nokuvimbela. Ukulwa nokubola kwe-apricot kuqala entwasahlobo yonyaka ozayo. Esikhathini sekwindla nobusika, i-Bordeaux liquid ihlanjululwa, ivuselela lolu hlelo izikhathi ezimbili ukuya kathathu ngezikhathi eziyizinsuku ezingu-15. Ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa kokubola okwempunga, ekuqaleni kokuqala kwezimbali basebenzisa izidakamizwa kusuka ku-moniliosis: "Nitrafen", "Confidor", "Horus". Entwasahlobo, emva kokuba izithelo zivele esihlahleni, susa amanye amagatsha ukuze ugweme i-fruiting ngokweqile. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ngokuwa, ukuqoqa nokushisa amaqabunga nezithelo zomuthi noma ukuwaphonsa endaweni eyimfihlo. Khokha ngokukhethekile ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane, njengoba izinambuzane ngokuvamile zikhonza njengabathwali bokubola. Ukuze kuvimbele ukusetshenziswa kwezinambuzane.
Kubalulekile! Uma izithelo ze-apricot ezonakele zingasuswa yizo ngokwazo, zizohlala zilenga esihlahleni lonke ubusika. Isikhunta esiyingozi, njengoba uyazi, singabusika ezintweni zesitshalo. Lesi sifo sizoveza futhi sithinte isivuno sonyaka ozayo. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukususa zonke izithelo nezifo!
I-Brown Leaf Spot (i-Gnomoniosis)
I-Gnomoniosis ayithinta amaqabunga kuphela, kodwa nezithelo zomuthi. Izithelo zingashintsha ngaphandle kokuba niphume. Uma i-apricot isavuthiwe, le fungus ingayiguqula ibe yisithelo esibi sesimo esingavamile.
Izimpawu. Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-gnomoniosis ukubonakala kwezindawo ezincane eziphuzi emaqabunga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabala akhula, abe mnyama futhi agubungele yonke indawo yeshidi. Uma uvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo, amaqabunga azokoma bese ewa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa. Uma uthola noma yimuphi umonakalo esihlahleni, akuvumelekile ukushiya i-apricot kulesi sizwe. Izindawo ezithintekayo kumele zihlanzwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phatha inhlabathi ngaphansi kwesihlahla nge-1% ye-copper sulfate noma i-Nitrafen. Ungakhohlwa ukufiphala ngaphambi kokuqala kuka-Mashi. Ukuphumelela kulolu cala kuyaphonsa i-Bordeaux liquid. Futhi, ukuze kuvinjelwe isidingo sokususa amaqabunga asele ngemuva kwekwindla.
Indawo ye-Holey (klyasterosporioz)
I-Klesterosporiosis iyisifo se-fungal esiphila ezintsheni ezigulayo namahlumela cishe cishe yonke imithi yamatshe. Ukwelashwa kwale fungus kwi-apricot stem kuyasebenza kakhulu ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo.
Izimpawu. Emaqabunga omuthi we-apricot avela izindawo ezincane nxazonke zombala obomvu okhanyayo. Amachashazi abukeka sengathi agxiliwe eqabeni. Izindawo ezithintekayo zoma futhi ziwe, zenze umgodi emaqabunga. Yingakho lesi sifo sitholile igama elithi "ukubonakala kwe-perforated." Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma i-fungus ithinteka kakhulu, amaqabunga angase aqhume ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhula ama-apricot stem, okuphuma kuwo ijusi elinamanzi (gum). 
Ungaphulukisa kanjani umuthi we-apricot? Ukubheka ama-apricot ama-perforated angeke kwenzeke kuphela ngenxa yesifo sofuba, kepha futhi njengesisindo sitshalo ekutheleleni kwamagciwane, ukushisa, kanye namakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola izimpawu zesici, kufanele uqale uthole umthombo wesifo.
Uma lesi sifo sinesiqalo esithathelwanayo, kufanele uzame ukuqeda imbangela yokukhubazeka kwesihlahla. Uma indawo ephikisiwe ivela emangcwabeni, faka izinyathelo ezifanele zokuzivikela. I-fungus iyakwazi ukugubha amaqabunga ewile phansi, ukuqoqa ngokucophelela nokubhubhisa amaqabunga awile. Bese ukumba indawo ye-stem. Indlela enokwethenjelwa yokubhekana ne-apricot mansa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezinezethusi (isisombululo esisodwa sephesenti sethusi sulfate noma i-bordeaux liquid). Ukufafaza kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngokusho kwemiyalelo yesidakamizwa esikhethiwe. Ungakhohlwa ukumboza amanxeba okugayi ngamapulangwe nge-pitch pitch.
Ukuvimbela. Nikeza izimo ezinhle zokukhula zalesi sitshalo: manzi umuthi ngesikhathi, ugeze imiqhele, udle ngamanyolo, ususe amagatsha athintekile ngesikhathi.
Ikhefu le-Leaf
I-curl ye-Leaf (i-causative agent - i-taffrin amakhowe ukuguqula) yisifo esesabekayo kakhulu sezithelo zamatshe. Izihlahla ezithintekayo ngokuvamile zilahlekelwa umkhiqizo wazo ojwayelekile. Lesi sifo ngezinye izikhathi siholela ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kwesitshalo. Efaniswa nokubukeka kokufumba nokubomvu kumaqabunga. Amaqabunga aphikisiwe, "aphethwe" - ngakho-ke igama lesi sifo. 
Izimpawu:
- Entwasahlobo, amaqabunga amancane ashiya ama-blister (blister).
- Amabhulogi abe aphuzi, i-orange nebomvu ngaphambi kokumnyama nokukhishwa kwe-abscission.
- Izithelo namaqabunga afela ezinkampanini.
- Amahlumela aphethwe amandla futhi alahlekelwe ukubukeka kwawo okujwayelekile.
Kubalulekile! Endabeni yesifo esinjengamaqabunga amaqabunga, akukho lutho olushintsha ukwelashwa kwe-prophylactic. Ukuvimbela yindlela kuphela ephumelelayo yokulwa nale fungus! Lapho ukuhlanzeka kubonakala emaqabunga omuthi we-apricot, kwakungasheshi ukwenza okuthile.Amathiphu okuvimbela i-Apricot Leaf Curl Prevention:
- I-fungus ivame ukugoba ngama-humus, ngakho-ke ekwindla khipha ngokucophelela wonke amaqabunga awile engadini yakho.
- Bese uqhuba ukwelashwa kokuqala Bordeaux liquid. Lesi sinyathelo siyadingeka ukuvimbela ama-blisters kusukela entwasahlobo.
- Umsebenzi wokusakaza uphinde uqale ngoFebhuwari.
- Isigaba sesithathu sokuphalaza i-Bordeaux liquid senziwa nge-efihlekile yokuqala emithini kuze kufike uMeyi (njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-15).
I-bone bone isikhumba
Isikhumba yisinye isifo sefungal evamile emithini yezithelo. Le fungus yakha ama-enzyme ahlasela izindonga zeseli zesithelo. Hlanganisa ama-overwinters emaqabunga awile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kunomthelela ekwenzeni umswakama ngokweqile (imvula ejwayelekile). Uma amaqabunga omuthi ehlala emanzi futhi ephakeme izinga lokushisa lomoya, ngokushesha ukutheleleka kusakazeka. Kusukela ngoMeyi, ukulimala kokuqala emaqabini nasezithelo sekuvele kubonakala. 
Izimpawu. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqhakaza, amabala amnyama azungeze amaqabunga asemagqabeni, kamuva aphenduka abe nsundu. Lesi yisifo sengculaza esiyinhloko. Isikebhe kuma-apricot singakhula ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezimbi kunazo zonke, i-fungus iyasakazeka ngaphezu kwayo yonke indawo yeqabunga. Amaqabunga omile ngokuphelele futhi awele. Ngezikhathi ezithile amahlumela aphinde agciwane futhi afe. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka ekupheleni, izithelo zomuthi ziqala ukuhlupheka. Isithelo sigcwele ama-hard spec specks. Umzimba wezinkukhu ze-apricot. Isikhumba sibhubhisa inyama yesithelo. Ama-apricot alahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwawo, angaboni futhi alahlekelwe inani lawo lokuhlobisa.
Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa. Kuyoba nzima ukusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane engadini, njengoba kuzodingeka kuthunyelwe esimweni sezulu (kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni) cishe zonke izinsuku ezine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlahla eziningi ze-apricot zikhulu kakhulu ukuze zikwazi ukucubungula wonke amaqabunga namahlumela nge-agent e-antifungal. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela okungcono kakhulu kuyoba ukukhetha okuhle kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apricot. Gwema izinhlobo ezinemihlobiso ezibucayi. Khetha okunye okunokwethenjelwa, okumelene nezifo ze-fungal. Izinhlobo ze-apricot ezilandelayo zibonisa ukumelana okukhulu: Denisyuk Special, Monastyrsky, Gold Rich.
I-Verticillus wilt (i-Verticillis)
Ukwehliswa kwama-verticillary kwezihlahla zezithelo kutholakala kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba, kodwa kaningi ezindaweni ezimozulu ezishisayo. Isiko lama-Apricot sitholakala kakhulu kule sifo.
Izimpawu. Lesi sifo sivame ukubonwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo; kubonakala sengathi ukulahleka okuqhubekayo kwamaqabunga ngamagciwane, kusukela ekuqaleni kwegatsha ngalinye. Ngaphambi kokuwa, amaqabunga angase aqale aphuzi futhi aphuzi. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, kuphela amaqabunga amaqabunga angahlala emagatsheni amakhulu. Lezi zinqwaba zihlala esihlahleni iminyaka embalwa. Izimpawu zingabonisa umuthi wonke, kodwa izimpawu zingabuyekezwa egatsheni elilodwa kuphela.
Ukuze uhlolisise ngokunembile i-verticillus ku-apricot, uthathe amagatsha bese uvule izinkuni zangaphakathi. Emapulini abuhlungu, izindawo ezikhanyayo noma ezimnyama zendlela engavamile zibonakala esigabeni esiphambene. Ngezinye izikhathi amabala ahlangana phakathi kwendandatho. Ezimweni ezincane zokutheleleka, izinkuni zokhuni zingenzeka lapho kungekho khona izimpawu emaqabunga. Izihlahla ezithintekile ziyafa kancane, kepha ingozi yemvelo yalesi sifo iwukuthi imithi ihlala ifushane futhi ingabala isikhathi eside. 
Ukulawula nokuphathwa. I-fungus ihlala emhlabathini iminyaka eminingi njenge-parasite yezimpande. Njengoba umthombo wokutheleleka usenhlabathini, i-verticillary wilting inzima kakhulu ukuyilawula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fungus iyasakazeka phakathi kwezinkuni zomuthi wonke. Ayikho indlela yokwelapha kulokhu ayikho ethembekile.
Ukuze uvikele umuthi we-apricot kusuka ku-verticillary wilting, noma okungenani unciphise inombolo yefungi ngezindlela ezilandelayo zokuvimbela:
- Izitshalo ezintsha zezithelo zamatshe kufanele zifakwe emhlabathini lapho iminyaka embalwa edlule engakhuli lutho. Gwema ukutshala izihlahla ezindaweni lapho izitshalo ezifana namazambane, utamatisi, noma ama-strawberry zikhona ngaphambili.
- Ukuze ususe noma yisiphi isikhunta esisele emhlabathini, fumigate noma ukulimaza umhlaba ngaphambi kokutshala izihlahla (isibonelo, gcoba inhlabathi).
- Okubaluleke kakhulu izinga lokutshala izinto. Sebenzisa kuphela izinto zokutshala ezivunyiwe nezingenasifo.
- Gwema umonakalo ezimpandeni zesitshalo esincane kanye nemali engaphezulu kwemanyolo.
- Susa ngezikhathi zonke emithini wonke amagatsha abathintekayo, abangatheli.
I-cytosporosis yomisa (i-cytosporosis)
Isizathu sokumisa amagatsha amancane esihlahla somuthi kungaba isifo ezifana ne-cytosporosis. Yimithi yama-apricot evame ukubhekana nalesi sifo. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukomiswa okusakazayo, okungukuthi, izinhlamvu ze-fungus ziyangena ngemonakalo ehlukahlukene, ukusika nokusika.
Izimpawu. Lesi sifo sibonakala eziqongweni zamahlumela ngesimo sezinsimba ezimnyama, amabala amafomu emagqabeni, amaqabunga abuna. I-fungus pathogen ihlasela amagatsha amancane, asakaze phansi esihlahleni futhi athinte izihlahla ezindala nezihlahla. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amagatsha emasipha ayafa. Ukusabalala okunjalo kuholela ekufeni kwesihlahla sonke. Ukumisa kungenzeka njengombani, imfucumfucu ithatha umbala obomvu obomvu. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi ukunqotshwa kwenzeka ngokuzumayo futhi kungekho sizathu. Kodwa i-cytosporosis ayifuni kalula. Ngakho-ke lesi sihlahla sase siphelile ngento ethile.
Izindlela zokubhekana nalesi sifo. Into esemqoka ukuvimbela izingxabano ukungena phakathi kwezinkuni. Kuze kube sekugcineni, faka umonakalo emthini nge-pitch pitch, futhi uhlanganise imigodi emikhulu. Yonke umonakalo ovela elangeni, isomiso kanye nesithwathwa kufanele kube ne-disinfected nge-sulphate yethusi, ilandelwe ukufakwa. Umuthi we-apricot kulula ukulondoloza ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo. Kodwa-ke, noma yimuphi ukwelashwa esimweni se-cytosporosis ephuthumayo ngeke kusebenze.
Ungagcina umuthi ngale ndlela: ngokushesha, ususe wonke amagatsha abathintekile (omile), uthatha u-10 cm wengxenye enempilo yehlumela. Kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvikela ezifanele. Kudingeka unqume ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze i-apricot entwasahlobo. Ngemuva kokuthela izihlahla, umuthi kumele uhlanganiswe ne-pitch pitch, uthathe ububanzi obungaphezu kuka-2 cm. Ekwindla, qinisekisa ukwengeza i-potash ne-phosphorus yokugqoka. I-Ash ingasetshenziswa njengomanyolo okhona. Hlanganisa ukugqoka okuphezulu ngokuchelela njalo.
Uyazi? Ama-fertilizer e-Foliar ayasiza kakhulu emthini we-apricot (kunezitshalo eziningi ezivelele ezithengiswayo). Le ndlela ivumela izakhi kanye nokulandelela izakhi ukuba zingene ngokushesha emahlumela esihlahla bese zigcina isitshalo. Unganaki amathuba anjalo!
I-Fusarium Drying (i-Fusarium)
Ukumiswa kwe-Fusarium kuthinta i-apricot kunoma yikuphi ubudala, kodwa kaningi kakhulu esigabeni sokuqhakaza. Ukusabalalisa nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo kunomthelela eshisayo.
Izimpawu. Ekuqaleni, amaqabunga avela amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amancane, amancane. Kamuva, amabala avela ezithelo, inyama ngaphansi kwendawo iba eyomile, ibolile, i-peel igxuma. Ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yokutheleleka emhlabathini.
Ukwelapha nokuvimbela. I-Fusarium izothinta kakhulu izihlahla ezibuthakathaka. Izihlahla ezinomonakalo owenziwe ngomshini (ukuphahlaza, ukusikeka) ziyakwazi ukuthola lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, empini yokulwa nokuma, kubalulekile ukusika umuthi ngesikhathi esifanele, ukondle inhlabathi, ukuwamanzisa, ukuphatha amanxeba, nokuwavimbela ukuba ungcolise futhi uphathe i-apricot ezifweni (entwasahlobo nasekwindla). Осенью удаляйте и сжигайте растительные остатки - места возможной инфекции. Тщательно выбирайте почву под посадку деревьев.
Uyazi? Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi umuthi we-apricot ugule futhi ufe ngisho nokuvimbela ngokucophelela nokuphathwa kahle. Abanini bezandla bangasakwazi ukuthola le ncazelo. Izihlahla zama-apricot zine-thermophilic kakhulu, ngakho isizathu esiyinhloko kubhekwa njengingafaneleki endaweni yesimo sezulu se-apricot.Ngakho-ke, njengemithi eminingi yezithelo, i-apricot ingaphansi kwezifo ezingase zibhubhise izithelo zezithelo. Isihlahla sama-apricot kufanele sihlolwe njalo ukutheleleka, ngisho noma sisendlini. Ezimweni eziningi, izifo ze-apricot zibangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele nokutshala okungafanele. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo nokuvinjelwa kuzosiza ekugwemeni izifo kanye nezifungi. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle ekunakekeleni kwezihlahla, abanikazi begadi bazokwazi ukujabulela lesi sithelo samanzi nesithelo njalo ehlobo.
