Ithanga liyimifino enempilo enhle kakhulu okufanele ikhule kuyo yonke ingadi. Kubalulekile kanjani ukulungisa imbewu? Indlela yokukhulisa izithombo zesiko? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo kulesi sihloko.
Ithanga - Isitshalo saminyaka yonke esiyi-herbaceous, esilethwe kithi esivela eMelika. Khulisa ithanga ngenxa yezithelo zawo. Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, ithanga linomumo ohlukile nombala.
Izakhiwo eziwusizo zamathanga
- Imbewu yamapumpu emithi yendabuko yomile, bese kuthiwa amafutha avela kubo. Imbewu yamapumpu igcwele ama-glycosides ne-steroids, i-vitamin E, izakhi zokulandelela ze-potassium, ithusi, i-zinc, i-manganese, i-selenium, njll, izitshalo zamaprotheni noshukela.
- I-pulp ye-pumpkin iqukethe amafayili e-peptide abangela ukusimama kwesisu nokususwa kwe-toxin emathunjini.
- Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ithanga kubantu abahlukunyezwa kakhulu: imifino ephansi khalori; I-Vitamin T, equkethe ithanga, isisiza ukusheshisa umthambo wokudla nokudla okusheshayo; i-diuretic property ye-ithanga iqinisekisa ukukhipha uketshezi okwedlulele emzimbeni.
- Ukuze isifo sezinso, ithanga linconywa njenge-diuretic.
- Ithanga licebile ku-beta-carotene ne-lutein, enomphumela omuhle embonweni womuntu.
Izici zamathanga akhula
Ithanga lingatshalwa ngokushesha emhlabathini, futhi lingatshala ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Okuhle kunakho konke, ikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele kakhulu. Ukulungiselela inhlabathi yokutshala amathanga kuqala ngokuwa. Ngemuva kokuvuna ama-precursors we-ithanga, inhlabathi ikhululiwe kokhula kanye nezinsalela zezitshalo.
Ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi ikhululiwe ngendwangu noma i-hoe, emasontweni amabili noma amathathu bayamba kuze kufike ku-25-30 cm ngokujula. Ngesikhathi sokumba, izimpande ze-dandelion, i-thistle, i-wheatgrass, i-grubs ne-wireworm izibungu kufanele zisuswe ngokuphelele kusayithi.
Izitshalo zifakwa emhlabathini kanyekanye ngokumba. Ngenxa yokukhula okuphezulu kwamalungu angaphezulu nangaphansi komhlaba, ithanga linesidingo esikhulu sezakhi.
Ama-organic fertilizer (enhlabathini eyindayo) noma ama-15-20 cm (emhlabathini ophansi) angcwatshwa ekujuleni kuka-10-15 cm. Ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe semifuno ephilayo, angasetshenziswa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala isivuno ngqo emthonjeni.
Ngosuku olulandelayo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ithanga, bamba umhlabathi, umquba we-nitrogen usetshenziselwa ukumba ngezinga lika-15-20 amagremu womanyolo nge-1 sq. Meter. Ngemuva kokumba leyo ndawo yenziwe nge-rake bese iqala ukutshala izithombo noma imbewu yokuhlwanyela.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu zezihlahla zezithelo.
Isihloko esithakazelisayo ngokutshala i-//rusfermer.net/sad/plodoviy/posadka-sada engadini.
Izincomo zokunakekelwa kwensimu lapha.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu zezihlahla zezithelo.Sitshala imbewu yamathambo
Ngokutshala imbewu yamathambo, kungcono ukhethe imbewu egcwele isisindo esidinga ukushisa ekushiseni kwama-degree angu-60 (amahora angu-2-3). Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuhluma okunobungane kwezithombo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhluma kokuqala, ukuze kutholakale ukumelana kwesiko ukuze kube nemiphumela engavamile yemvelo, imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ifakwe usuku kwisisombululo sesinye sezikhuthazo zokukhula:
- Isixazululo seKrezacin - hlaziya ithebhulethi eyodwa ye-stimulator nge-100 ml amanzi;
- isisombululo se-potassium humate - hlambulula nge-4 ml ye-stimulator ku-200 ml wamanzi;
- Isixazululo se-Epine - amaconsi angu-2-7 we-stimulant nge-100 ml amanzi.
Uma ungenayo le mithi, ungasebenzisa izinkuni zokhuni ukuze uphathe imbewu yamathanga: 1 litre lamanzi afudumele, uthathe izipuni ezimbili zomlotha, uqinise usuku olulodwa, uphinde uvuse isixazululo, bese usihlunga bese ugoqa imbewu esikhwameni se-gauze. Emva kwalokho, imbewu ihlanjululwa ngamanzi.
Ngemuva kokuba imbewu ithwetshiwe, ungaqala imbewu yabo noma ukuhluma. Ungakwazi ukuhlwanyela imbewu yempukane efulethini ngokuwafaka ngendwangu emanzini yalokhu bese uwabeka ku-saucer.
Esakhiweni ungakwazi ukuhluma imbewu ithanga ebhokisini ene-scalded sawdust. Spread amafayili ephepheni le-sawdust (elimanzi) emaqenjini angu-23, kuwo - imbewu yamatshukela, bese uphinde uphinde ufake amaphuphu, bese ubhekwa nge-sawdust efudumele bese uhlanganisa konke ngefilimu. Ibhokisi lishiywe endaweni efudumele.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela ithanga
Ngokuya ngezici zezinto eziphilayo zezinhlobo zamathanga, kanye nezimo zezulu zesifunda, kunemibandela ehlukene yokutshala isiko. Ukutshala kwe-douche kanye neqabunga elikhulu liqala lapho inhlabathi ishayela amazinga angu-10 (ekujuleni kwe-10-12 cm), futhi izinga lokushisa kwe-air liyi-degree 15. Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela esikhathini esidlule kumele sinikeze isitshalo ngokushisa okuvela ku-biofuels, kanye nokuvikelwa kusuka efrijini ifilimu.
Ukutshala amathanga emhlabathini ovulekile
Uma uhlwanyela i-douche nezinhlamvu ezinkulu zamathambo emhlabathini ovulekile, kumele zifakwe emhlabathini kumuntu ojule ngamasentimitha angu-5-8 (emhlabathini owomile) noma 4-5 cm (esindayo).
Imbewu yezinhlobo eziningana zeziko zitshalwe ngokulandelana (ibanga eliphakathi kwemigodi kufanele libe ngamamitha angaba ngu-1.5-2, naphakathi kwemigqa - 1.4 - 2 amamitha).
Izinhlobo zamathanga zamathanga zingatshala indlela yokukhiqiza ngokwezici: 80 * 80 cm noma 1.2 * 1.2 m. Ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu ye-ithanga kufanele kube ngu-3-4 cm. Ngemva kokuba imbewu ibekwe emithonjeni, kufanele iphuze ngamanzi humus kanye nomhlabathi ngobuningi obulinganayo.
Ukutshala izithombo zamathanga emhlabathini ovulekile
Inqubo yokukhipha ithanga kusukela ekuhlwanyeleni yisikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ukuvuthwa kwelanga-futhi izinhlobo ze-thermophilic zeziko. Le nqubo ihlala izinsuku ezingu-120-140. Ukuze uthole ithanga lokuvuna langaphambilini, ungakhula izithombo zalo. Ifowuni ifakwe efulethini ifanelekile lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi i-windows sills ifakwe kahle.
Futhi, izithombo zitshalwe ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, zokugcina izithombo noma ngaphansi kohlaka lwefilimu. I-Seeding ingcono kakhulu eyenziwa eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi lesi sitshalo sizobe sesilungele ukufakwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukuhlwanyela izithombo zamathanga
Njengeziqukathi zezithombo, ungasebenzisa izikhwama zobisi noma udwebe izimbiza ezingenalutho ngobubanzi buka-10-15 cm. Umhlabathi olungiselelwe we-peat uchithelwa ezigulini. Ukulungiswa ngokuzimela kwenhlabathi enomsoco: thatha umhlaba we-humus ne-sod ku-4: 1. Engeza ama-4 amagremu omunyu we-potassium ne-ammonium nitrate ebhakedeni lenhlanganisela, kanye nama-gramu angu-5 we-superphosphate. Ngemuva kokuthi ingxube ifakwe futhi ixutshwe ngokuphelele (mhlawumbe izikhathi ezingu-3-4). Le nhlanganisela ithululelwa ezigayini ezilungiselelwe futhi ihlanganiswe kancane.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, inhlabathi ezigulini iyaniselwa ngamanzi afudumele, phakathi nendawo benza ukucindezeleka kuka 2-3 cm, lapho kutholakala khona imbewu eyodwa yamathanga. Inqubo yokulungiselela imbewu ifana nokuhlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile. Izimbiza ezisekhava eliphezulu ne-plastic bagqoke bese zibeka efelini lefasitela lokuhluma.
Isitshalo seqanda: sikhula futhi sinakekele - isihloko sokufundisa sabalimi.
Funda ukuthi ungakhula kanjani utamatisi ensimini //rusfermer.net/ogorod/plodovye-ovoshhi/vyrashhivanie-v-otkrytom-grunte/vyrashhivaem-vysokij-urozhaj-tomatov-v-otkrytom-grunte.html.
Isitshalo seqanda: sikhula futhi sinakekele - isihloko sokufundisa sabalimi.Ukunakekela ithanga
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela ithanga kumele kugcine izinga lokushisa lomoya ku-18-25 degrees. Ngokushesha lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, ifilimu isusiwe futhi izinga lokushisa liyancishiswa ngama-3-5 degrees (lokhu kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezingu-4-5). Efulethini lokhu kungatholakala ngokufaka umoya ekamelweni. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izithombo zivikelwe ngokulwa.
Uma izithombo zisakhululwa, ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili noma lweshumi emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, vula isigxathu se-subflora ibe yindilinga bese uyibeka emhlabathini, uhlanganise nawo umhlaba emagqabini e-cotyledon. Insimu yalesi sithombo yemifino ikhule ngesikhathi sokushisa kwansuku zonke ama-20-22 degrees, kanti ebusuku ebusuku 15-18 degrees. Ukuphuza amathanga akufanele kube amaningi futhi avame. Umswakama owedlulele ungabangela "ukuxuba" kwesiko.
Ukupha isitshalo kufanele kube kabili. Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa ngosuku lwesishiyagalombili noma lweshumi emva kokuvela kwamahlumela. Izithombo ezikhulayo endaweni yokushisa zizoba ngcono uma uthatha i-100 ml ye-slurry, umquba wenkukhu noma i-mullein kanye no-5 amagremu enhlanganisela engadini engama 1 litre amanzi, uhlanganise konke futhi uthule indawo ngalesi sombululo.
Ukugqoka kwesibili kwenziwa ngezinoma eziyinkimbinkimbi zemifino yezimbiwa ngesilinganiso sika 3-4 amagremu omanyolo ngamanzi 1 litre. Kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala isitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile.
Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, kufanele kube nzima. Ezitshalweni ezilungele ukufakelwa, isiqu siphansi futhi sinama-internodes amafushane, futhi kukhona namaqabunga amathathu athuthukile ombala omnyama obumnyama.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini kwenziwa kancane kancane kunokuhlala phansi ebhodweni, ukulifafaza emaqabunga e-cotyledon. Lokhu kunomthelela ekusungulweni kwezimpande ezengeziwe. Uma izimpande zokutshala zicindezelwa inhlabathi, kuyilapho zigwema ukubunjwa kwe-voids.
Ukuze izithelo zamathanga eziphumela zingabikho ezivela emhlabathini umswakama, kufanele zivikelwe kulokhu okulandelayo: Amatshe amane abekwe phansi, ngaphezulu kwawo yi-slab ebanzi noma ibhodi, lapho ithanga libekwe khona. Benza kuphela lapho esemncane.
Inothi kumgadi wezithelo ezinhle - ukhukhamba: ukukhula nokunakekelwa.
Izinzuzo zokumisa amakhowe ekhaya, funda lapha //rusfermer.net/forlady/konservy/sushka/sushka-gribov-v-domashnih-usloviyah.html.
Inothi kumgadi wezithelo ezinhle - ukhukhamba: ukukhula nokunakekelwa.Njengoba ukuvuthwa kwezithelo ngabanye kuveza isivuno. Masinyane ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, kufanele ususe zonke izithelo ze-ithanga.
Iphunga kufanele ibe khona ekudleni komuntu ngamunye. Khumbula lokhu! Sithemba ukuthi ngenxa yeseluleko sethu uzokukhuphula ithanga elikhulu nelithambile, okuzokhipha kuzo izitsha eziwusizo kakhulu.
