Manje kunzima ukuthola okungenani oyedwa ohlala ehlobo ongenawo utamatisi esiqhingini. Sekuyisikhathi eside utamatisi abe yizintandokazi ezivamile. Izithombo ezikhulayo ekhaya akulula. Kodwa inqubo yokutshala izithombo - kuyinkinga.
Ukutshala kabusha ngisho nezitshalo ezinomsoco kakhulu ukucindezeleka okudingeka kunciphise, ngokulandela imithetho ethile yokutshala izithombo. Kuqondene nale mithetho futhi kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko. Uzofunda ukuthi uzohlwanyela nini imbewu yamatamatisi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukudlulisa izithombo ukuze uvule phansi ngo-Ephreli nokuthi unquma kanjani ukuthi ukulungele ukutshala.
Ukubaluleka kwesikhathi sokulungisa
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ekuqaleni izithombo zitshalwe, ngokushesha isivuno singatholakala. Yingakho baqala ukutshala utamatisi kusengaphambili. Nokho, lokhu kuyiphutha elikhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokutshala izithombo., ngoba izithombo zinesikhathi esithile sokugcina nesitshalo sidinga isibalo esikhulu sokukhanya.
Ebusika, usuku oluncane lokukhanya, ngakho-ke akusona isikhathi esihle sokutshala. Izithombo kumele zibe namandla, futhi ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okwanele, ngeke kube njalo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuyiqokomisa ngokungeziwe, okuzoholela emfucuza owengeziwe. Lapho amahlumela okuqala evela, adinga ukukhanya nxazonke izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isibani se-fluorescent. Khona-ke lesi sitshalo kufanele sithole ukufakwa kwamahora angu-10-12.
Isikhathi sokugcina izithombo yisinye isizathu okufanele uhambisane nesikhathi sokutshala.
Ekhaya, izithombo zotamatisi zingaba zingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili, ukutshala emhlabathini ovulekile noma obamba ukushisa kwenzeka ngemva kwalesi sikhathi. Kucatshangwa ukuthi yizimbewu ezinamandla kakhulu, ezitshalwe ngasekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ukukhula kwayo kuzosebenza kakhulu kunalokho okwatshalwe ngoFebhuwari.
Yini enquma isikhathi samakhekhe?
Isikhathi esifanele sokutshala izithombo ngokuyinhloko sincike ezinhlobonhlobo zezamatamatisi. Bangase babe:
- ukukhula kokuqala;
- phakathi nonyaka;
- ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile.
Kuye ngalokhu, isikhathi sokutshala sizohlukahluka. Utamatisi ovuthiwe emva kwesikhathi udinga ukutshala ngoJanuwari-Febhuwari, kanye nesidingo sokuvuthwa kanye nokuvuthwa okuphakathi kokutshala ngoMashi.
Kuningi futhi kuxhomeke esifundeni lapho utamatisi ozokhula khona. Ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona ubusika obude obubandayo, ukutshala kwezithombo kuzokwenzeka ekuqaleni.
Imigomo yokutshala imbewu ukudlulisa izitshalo ukuvula umhlabathi noma ukushisa
Uma ukutshala imbewu kuyadingeka ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele. Ukuze ungadambisi ukukhula kwesitshalo, akudingeki ukuba udlulisele indawo yokufakelwa kwayo endaweni ehlala njalo. Kubalulekile ukubala hhayi izinsuku kuphela lapho izitshalo kufanele zitshalwe khona, kodwa nezinsuku zokuhlwanyela imbewu zezithombo ekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuhlwanyela izinsuku ezingu-55-65 ngaphambi kokutshala kabusha ukuze uvule umhlabathi.
Imigomo yokuhlwanyela nokutshala izithombo emhlabathini incike ezimweni zezulu. Ngakho-ke Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela nokuhamba ngezitamatisi kuzohlukahluka ezindaweni ezihlukene.
Uma kungenzeka ukuhlwanyela imbewu futhi ngukuphi isikhathi okudingekile ukutshala izithombo ezilungele kuye ngokuthi isifunda sokutshala utamatisi:
- ezindaweni eziseningizimu zaseRussia izitshalo zihlwanyelwa kusukela ngoFebruwari 20 kuya ku-Mashi 15, zifakwe emhlabathini kusukela ngo-Ephreli 15 kuya kuMeyi 20;
- ezindaweni eziphakathi ukutshala isikhathi kusukela ngoMashi 15 kuya ku-Ephreli 1, nokufakelwa kabusha kusukela ngoMeyi 10 kuya kuJuni 1;
- eSiberia, ema-Uri nasezindaweni ezisenyakatho ohlwanyelwe kusukela ngomhlaka 1 kuya ku-15 Meyi, futhi utshalwe kabusha - kusuka ngomhla ka-25 Meyi kuya ku-15 Juni.
Ungakwazi futhi ukubala isikhathi esiqondile esisekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zezamatamatisi nokwazi ubude benkathi yabo ekhulayo.
Isikhathi semifino yezinhlobo zakuqala ne-hybrid yizinsuku eziyikhulu. Uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, khona-ke kufanele nje ubale izinsuku eziyikhulu, wengeze izinsuku ezingu-7-10 ukuhluma nezinsuku ezingu-3-5 ukulungiswa kwezithombo emhlabathini. Ngakho, ukutshala kufanele kwenzeke ngo-Ephreli 1.
Isikhathi esikhulayo sezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene utamatisi yilokhu:
- ekuqaleni - izinsuku ezingu-85-90;
- phakathi nonyaka - izinsuku ezingu-90-110;
- ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile Izinsuku ezingu-110-115.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo kuncike lapho izitshalo zizotshala khona: ku-greenhouse noma emhlabathini ovulekile. Uma uhlela ukutshala endaweni yokushisa, kufanele ukhule kuze kube maphakathi no-May, emhlabathini - kuze kufike ngo-Juni 10. Ubudala bezithombo zokutshala kufanele kube izinsuku ezingu-50-60 (kuye ngokuthi zihlukahlukene kanjani utamatisi). Ngakho-ke, lapho ufika endaweni yokushisa, ukuhlwanyela kufanele kwenzeke ngo-Mashi 10, nalapho ufika emhlabathini - ngo-Ephreli 5.
Futhi lapho utshala izithombo ungakhohlwa mayelana lokushisa. Utamatisi atshisa kakhulu. Ukushisa kokukhula kwabo okujwayelekile kufanele kube ngaphezu kuka -15 degrees. Uma izinga lokushisa libe ngu -15, lokhu kuzoholela ekusenikeni kwezimbali kanye nokwakhiwa kwezithelo, futhi ku-10 degrees ukukhula kwabo kuzokuma ngokuphelele.
Futhi-ke, ngaphandle kwezincomo ezibhalwe ohlwini, kufanele ucabangele uma ufuna ukuvuna isitshalo sokuqala.
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo yokuhlwanyela imbewu ka utamatisi:
Ziyini izinsuku ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala?
Kumele kube ukubonakala kwamahlumela utamatisi?
Ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile noma obamba ukushisa, kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngokwanele futhi kuvumelane nezimo zezulu lapho zizoqhubeka zikhula khona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izithombo zilungele ukufakelwa kabusha zingabonakala ngokubonakala kwazo.
Ukuze ufake kabusha, isiqu kufanele sifinyelele ubude buka-25-30 cm. Futhi kuzo kufanele kube amashidi aphelele angu-6-7 nombukiso owodwa wezimbali. Kodwa kungase kungabonakali.
Kuye ngesimo sezulu
Ungakwazi ukufika ngomhlaka weshumi kaMeyi. Noma kunjalo, izici zezulu zendawo lapho ukufika kuzokwenzeka khona akufanele ziphuthelwe. Uma kunokwenzeka ukuthi i-frost izokwenzeka ekuqaleni noma phakathi nenyanga, ukufika kufanele kuhlehliselwe ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Isimo sezulu kufanele sibe sehlobo lokushisa.
Kubalulekile ukugcina lezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- Ukushisa okufanele - ntambama, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe + 20 degrees +22, ebusuku - hhayi ngaphansi kuka -15. Ukushisa kwelanga ku-+15, kodwa hhayi ngaphansi kuka -10.
- Ukungatholakali kwamaqhwa - ngisho nokushisa kwe--1 utamatisi kunciphisa ukukhula kwawo futhi kuphelelwa ukuhluma. Akekho umuntu ophephile ngomshuwalense ngokubuya kwamaqhwa, ngakho utamatisi uhlanganiswe nezinto ezikhethekile zokugqoka noma ifilimu.
Unikezwe isifunda
Konke kuxhomeke ezimeni zezulu nezimo sezulu ezifundeni ezahlukene.
- I-Polesie Ephakathi (isifunda saseMoscow) - ingxenye yesibili kaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
- Ural neSiberia - Ukuphela kukaMeyi - phakathi kukaJuni.
- Izifunda zaseNingizimu - ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
Ngekhalenda yenyanga
Kungakhathaliseki ukuphendulela ekusizeni ikhalenda yenyanga kule ndaba kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokusebenzisa le ndlela, ungazijwayeza ngezincomo zonyaka othile, okubonisa izinsuku eziqondile.
Izithombo zitshalwe emva kwenyanga entsha, esigabeni sokuqala senyanga. Ngenyanga entsha noma inyanga egcwele, namahora angu-12 ngaphambi nangemva, ukutshala akukhuthazwa.
Utamatisi okhulayo unzima. Kodwa ukugcina yonke imithetho yokuhlwanyela imbewu, ukukhula nokutshala izithombo, kanye nemithetho yokunakekelwa okulandelayo, ngokuqinisekile uzothola umphumela ofanele wemisebenzi yabo. Lesi yisitshalo esikhulu umndeni wakho wonke ongakujabulela.
