Izinzuzo zamanyolo wamaminerali for izithombo kanye utamatisi omdala. Izinhlobo nokusetshenziswa kokugqoka

Utamatisi afuna ukudla okunomsoco, futhi adinga umanyolo. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuyisigaba esibalulekile emzabalazweni wokuthola isivuno esihle.

Namuhla, umanyolo wamaminerali athengiswa kunoma isiphi isitolo esikhethekile. Kusukela kulesi sihloko uzothola mayelana nezinzuzo nezinkinga zamaminerali amaminerali, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinjenge: potassium, potassium sulfate, boric acid.

Cabanga ukuthi yiyiphi imifino eyinkimbinkimbi yetamatisi, yiziphi izimila eziphilayo.

Ihlinzeka uhlelo oluphakanyisiwe lokwenza izingubo zotamatisi.

Kuyini?

Amaminerali amaminerali ayinhlanganisela equkethe izinto ezihlukahlukene, njenge:

• i-magnesium;
• i-manganese;
• i-calcium;
• isibabule;
• i-zinc nabanye.

Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke utamatisi udinga amaminerali amathathu:

1. i-nitrogen;
2. i-potassium;
3. i-phosphorus.

Amaminerali amaminerali ahlanganisiwe aqukethe izinto eziyisisekelo nezengeziwe. Esikhathini esilula - isici esisodwa esilandelayo esikhulu, ngoba lezo zinhlanganisela zisetshenziselwa inhlanganisela nabanye, noma ukuvimbela ukuntuleka kwezinto ezithile.

Kubalulekile! Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi udinga ukondla endaweni yokuluma, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizoqala ukubola futhi ngeke sinike isivuno esihle.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Izinzuzo zamanyolo wamaminerali zihlanganisa:

• ukuhlushwa okunamandla okunomsoco;
• kungenzeka ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lomhlabathi;
• sebenzisa imali encane.

Ukusebenzisa izixube ezinjalo, ungalungisa usayizi nekhwalithi yesitshalo. Ukukhathazeka yilokho:

• inani lentengo liphakeme kakhulu;
• ukukhululeka kuholela ekufeni kwezitshalo;
• kumele zisetshenziswe ngendlela ehlelekile.

Izinzuzo

Amaminerali amaminerali aqukethe izitshalo ze-nitrogen asiza izitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwazo. Bayelulekwa ukuba basebenzise ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali. Benza ijubane ukukhula kwamahlumela namaqabunga. Kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokweqile, isiko siyokhula ngokushesha, utamatisi uzothola ukuma okungavamile, izindawo zizovela kuzo, ukunambitheka kuzokwehla kakhulu.

Umanyolo we-nitrojeni kufaka:

• i-ammonium nitrate;
• urea;
• i-ammonium sulfate;
• i-carbamide;
• i-ammonium sulphate.

Ama-fertilizer ane-potassium aqukethe umphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwempande. Ngenxa yalezi zithasiselo:

• ngaphakathi utamatisi akuveli emifudlana eluhlaza;
• ukwandisa imithi yokuzivikela;
• ithuthukisa ukunambitheka kwesithelo.

Kumatamatisi e-phosphorus adinga esikhathini:

• izithombo ezikhulayo (imininingwane mayelana nokuthi uzondla izithombo zotamatisi nini futhi kanjani, funda lapha, futhi kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi ungafaka kanjani izitshalo zamatamatisi ngosizo lwamakhambi abantu);
• amakhekhe (mayelana nendlela yokutshala utamatisi ngaphambi nangemva kokukhethwa kungatholakala lapha);
• ukufika emhlabathini.

Ukugqoka okulula kwamatamatisi nokusetshenziswa kwawo

Amanyolo amaminerali alula ayabizi. Inzuzo ye-nitrogen, i-potashi ne-phosphate yokugqoka iwukuthi umlimi wensimu angakwazi ukulawula inani lezinto.

Potassium

Ama-fertilizer e-Potassium ayiswa enhlabathini ngezigaba ezahlukene zokutshala utamatisi. Kuyinto engathandeki ukusebenzisa i-potassium usawoti kanye ne-potassium chloride. Lezi zinyolo zinomthelela omubi ekuthuthukiseni nasekunambeni utamatisi.

Ewayeni, ungasebenzisa i-potassium chloride ukwenza u-chlorine ugeze emhlabathini. Amanoni e-potassium anconywa.ezingenalo i-chlorine: potassium sulfate noma potassium sulfate.

Potassium sulfate

I-potassium sulfate ithathwa njengomanyolo ongcono kakhulu utamatisi. I-powder ephuzi njengama-crystals amancane achitha kalula emanzini. Ama-granules anjalo aqukethe:

• iron oxide nesulfure;
• i-calcium;
• i-sodium

Lezi zakhi zandisa ukwanda kanye nokukhiqiza utamatisi. I-potassium sulfate inconywa ngenhlabathi ye-asidi.. Ukuyihlanza ngamanzi kungasetshenziswa ngokufucuza ngokuqondile ngeziqu kanye namaqabunga a utamatisi.

I-boric acid

I-boric acid ingasetshenziselwa ukucubungula imbewu ye-tomato, izitshalo ze-spray, nokubeka emithonjeni ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile.

Uma wenza isisombululo se-acid ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwezimpande zezakhi zomthamo phakathi kwazo uya emaqabunga. Ukufafaza isixazululo ngqo ezingxenyeni eziluhlaza kusebenza kahle..

Ukuze ulungise isisombululo se-boric acid, kubalulekile ukuthi ubale ngokulinganisa isilinganiso sezingxenye: 1 g yesidakamizwa sibe yi-1 l. amanzi.

Dedula lesi sidakamizwa kufanele sibe ngamanzi ashisayo, bese ukondla ukhihliziwe.

Ukulungele ukudla okunzima

Umanyolo osebenza kahle kakhulu:

• I-Diammofosk;
• Ammophos;
• I-nitroammofosk.

I-diammofosk iqukethe u-26% we-potassium ne-phosphorus, i-10% ye-nitrogen, kanye nama-macro nama-microelements ahlukahlukene.

Inzuzo yalesi umanyolo ukuthi iyancibilika kalula. Ungayifaka emhlabathini uma igoba. Norm 30-40 g ngehora elilodwa² umhlabathi. Unganisela izimpande zezihlahla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amathisipuni 1-2 e-Dimmofoski ahlakazwa ebhaketheni lamanzi, lesi sombululo sanele 1 m².

I-Ammophos iqukethe kancane i-nitrogen engaphezu kuka-10% ne-50% i-phosphorus. Ayikho i-chlorine kuyo. Lo umanyolo unomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwempande lezotamatisi futhi unomthelela ekuvuthweni okusheshayo kwezithelo. Ingahlanjulululwa, bese iphuziswa uhlelo lwempande lomsundu, noma luhlakazekile olomile nebanga elivela esiqwini kufanele libe ngaphezu kuka-10 cm. I-Plus Diammofoski ne-Ammophos yilokho ayikho i-nitrate kulezi zinhlanganisela.

I-nitroammofoska iyi-fertilizer granular greyular, lapho izakhi zokulandelela eziyinhloko ziyi-16%. Lokhu kugqoka kuncibilika kakhulu emanzini. Umanyolo ukwandisa isivuno sotamatisi ngo-30%, futhi kwezinye izimo - 70%. Izinga lomsebenzi - 30-40 gr. ku-1 m². Ungenza owomile uma umba umhlabathi noma ubapha izimpande.

Ku-nitroammofosk kukhona i-nitrate engakwazi ukubuthelwa utamatisi. Uma izinga lokusungulwa kwalo liyokhuliswa, ukunambitheka kanye nezinzuzo zokudla utamatisi olunjalo kuncishiswe kakhulu.

I-Organo-amaminerali

Ama-fertilizer e-Organic amaminerali ayinhlanganisela yendaba ephilayo, isibonelo, ukumnika umquba wezinkukhu noma i-slurry, nezinto ezilula zamaminerali. Utamatisi ukugqoka okunjalo kutholakala ngokushesha. Umanyolo we-Organic unobungane..

Bathuthukisa ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi futhi basesimo:

1. ukuxuba okumile;
2. i-granules;
3. izixazululo.

Ngokuvame ukugqoka utamatisi abasebenzisa ama-humates - into esemvelo ngendlela yokukhishwa kusuka:

• i-silt;
• umquba;
• peat

Ku-humates ye-sodium ne-potassium ngaphezu kwezinto eziyinhloko zikhona:

1. isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi yezidakamizwa;
2. ibhaktheriya enenzuzo;
3. i-humic acid.

Ngenxa yezingxenye ezikhona, ukuzala kanye nekhwalithi yomhlabathi kuyathuthukiswa, futhi izimpande zamatamatisi zifudumele futhi zikhula ngokushesha. Uma usebenzisa ama-humates kwandisa isivuno. Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswe ngezigaba ezahlukene zonyaka okhulayo. Esikhathini sesisombululo, ungakwazi ukugoba imbewu, ukufaka amanzi izithombo nokutshala izitshalo. Ebhekheni lamanzi kuthathwa 1 tbsp. isipuni se-humate.

Yondla izithombo kanye utamatisi okhulile kakade emva kokutshala kungaba umsoco-amaminerali umsoco Malyshok. Kuyasiza izitshalo ukugwema ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, kuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande.

Ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nezici, izinzuzo nezindleko zokugqoka okunjalo okulungiselelwe njenge-Malyshok, i-Red Giant, i-Mag Bor nabanye, sitshele lapha.

Uma uhlunga imbewu yezotamatisi esisombululo salesi sifo, izokhula kangcono futhi ngokushesha. Ukuze ulungiselele, engeza u-100 ml wezidakamizwa zaseMalyshok ebhakedeni lamanzi.

Umanyolo we-Organ Senor Utamatisi unomthelela omuhle ekwenzeni ukwakhiwa kwama-ovari, kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwezithelo. Izimila zithola i-potassium eningi kanye nesilinganiso esilinganiselwe se-nitrogen, ngakho-ke azikhuni, futhi zigxile ekunikezeni isivuno esihle. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwezidakamizwa lusebenza ngokukhethekile lapho lusetshenziswa engxenyeni yesibili yokulima. Ebhekheni lamanzi udinga ukuthatha ama-5 tbsp.

Uhlelo lokusetshenziswa

Kunconywa umanyolo wamaminerali ukusebenzisa kanje.

Ngemuva kwamaqabunga 2-3 avela ezitsheni zika utamatisi, ukufaka umanyolo wenziwa nge-fertilizer eyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kungaba Baby noma iNitroammofosk.

Izithombo zomquba ne-phosphorus zidinga ukondliwa izinsuku ezingu-7 ngaphambi kokuba zihlele ukutshala utamatisi ekushiseni okushisa noma emhlabathini ovulekile (mayelana nokugqoka kokuqala kwezithombo zika utamatisi, funda lapha, futhi kulesi sihloko uzothola ngomanyolo ongcono kakhulu wezithombo nezitamatisi ezibamba ukushisa. ). Kufanele zikhule emhlabathini isikhathi sokuqala emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 emva kokutshala, njengoba izitshalo zidinga ukukhula amaqabunga, kungcono ukusebenzisa umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen.

Ukondla okunjalo kwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini ezingu-10.. Lapho nje izimbali zivela futhi ama-ovari adinga ukusebenzisa ama-fertilizer e-potash. Utamatisi udinga ukondliwa okunzima okunjalo kuze kube sekugcineni izitshalo ziphelile.

Ngisho nenhlabathi evundile kunawo wonke ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwamaminerali omanyolo ngeke unike isivuno esihle samatamatisi. Iqiniso liwukuthi izitshalo zichitha umhlaba ngokudla izinto ezikuyo, ngakho-ke kufanele zidle njalo. Izihlahla ezivuthwe ngokufanele kuphela ziyojabulisa umnikazi ngenani elikhulu lamatamatisi anomsoco anempilo.