Ukunakekelwa kokunakekelwa - lokhu cishe kuyinye yezinqubo eziyinhloko ezingenza isitshalo sibe intandokazi yabalimi. Isibonelo, ukhule ngokugcwele endaweni engadini, uhlobisa ngeziqu ezijwayelekile ze-shades. Abadingi ukunakwa ngokwengeziwe, futhi uma ulandela imithetho eyisisekelo yobunjiniyela bezolimo, ungathola luhlaza futhi usakaze utshani.
Izisekelo zokutshala okufanelekile
Ukuze isitshalo sihlale ngokushesha futhi sikhule kahle, kufanele ukhethe indawo efanele yokutshala, futhi ukukhula okusheshayo kuncike ekungcoleni okwanele nokushisa.
Ukukhetha indawo efanele yokufika
Naphezu kwesidingo sokushisa okukhulu, Izindawo ezivulekile zelanga ezinelanga elikhulu kufanele zigwenywe. Ukutshalwa kwe-astilba emhlabathini ovulekile kumele kwenziwe ezindaweni ezingenasithunzi, ngoba kule ndaba kuphela kuzoqhakaza kakhulu futhi isikhathi eside.
Imikhawulo yimihlobo elula ezwa ijubane elangeni, kodwa ujabulele ngezimbali kancane kancane. Izinhlobo zakuqala neziphuzile zikhula kahle ngaphansi kokushisa kwelanga, futhi lezo zinhlobo eziqhakaza ngoJulayi kufanele zitshalwe emthunzini.
Uyazi? I-Astilbe (i-Astilbe) - isikhathi eside sokuhlobisa, esingumndeni we-stone-sawing. Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kuhluka kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-200 cm. Amaqabunga ahlangene ehlathini elivulekile, okungenzeka libe ne-bronze, burgundy noma umbala omnyama ohlaza. Izimbali nazo zinomthunzi ohlukahlukene: kusuka ezimhlophe kuya ezibomvu. Ziyi-inflorescences ye-panicle, ekhula ibe ngu-60 cm ubude. Konke ukuqhakaza kwehlobo, ube ne-rhizome ene-branched enamandla.I-Astilbe ingahlwanyelwa kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi kodwa ngemiphumela emihle, kufanele ukhethe izindawo lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ahamba khona eduze nomhlabathi.
Indlela yokulungisa isakhiwo
Ngaphambi kokutshala i-astilba endaweni ekhethiwe, kubalulekile ukumba, ukususa ama-rhizomes wezinye izitshalo. Khona-ke inhlabathi kufanele ifakwe umquba ovuthiwe noma i-peat ngesilinganiso samabhakede amabili omanyolo ngamunye ngemitha yesikwele. Qinisekisa ukuthi isisindo sezulu sanele ngokwanele nge-potassium ne-phosphorus. Isidlo se-bone (ama-handful amabili ngamitha) noma ama-fertilizer eziyinkimbinkimbi (30 gr. Ngama-meter) ayengezwa emibhedeni. Zama ukungatshali isitshalo eduze kwezihlahla ezinezimpande ezingajulile. Bangase babe nokuncintisana komswakama, lapho imbali izolahlekelwa khona ngokuqinisekile.
Ubuchwepheshe bokufika
Ukutshala kwenziwa ekwindla, ngesikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke lamasonto angu-2-3 lingekho ngaphansi kuka-5 ° C. Ukukhetha ibanga phakathi kwehlathi, gxila kulohlobo lwesitshalo. Ngakho izinhlobo ezincane zitshalwe kude no-30 cm komunye nomunye, futhi ziphezulu-50 cm.
Ngokuba ukufika bahlela izimbobo ezifinyelela ku-30 cm ejulile, ezansi lapho ubeka khona umanyolo futhi uthele amanzi. I-Delenki (ingxenye yehlathi eline-rhizome), ifakwe emgodini futhi ihlanganiswe ngesikhwama semifino ngamasentimitha amathathu.
Kubalulekile! Gcina isitshalo ngaphandle kokufakelwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-5 engavunyelwe. I-Astilbe yokufakelwa isadingeka, noma ngabe uhlela ukuyihamba endaweni efanayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-rhizome yezitshalo ikhula phezulu, ngokulandelana, i-buds isemhlabeni. Ebusika, lesi sici singabhubhisa imbali.
Izisekelo ezisemqoka zokunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukunakekelwa kahle kwesitshalo akuyona inzima kakhulu, kodwa ukuze ukhule njenge-chic astilba, kumele ulandele le mithetho.
Ukunisela: kufanele kube yikuphi
Ekunakekelweni kwe-astilba, kubalulekile ukumnikeza inani elanele lokuswakama, ngokuchelela njalo. Ngisho ukulibazisa okuncane nokumiswa okwesikhashana kwendawo kwenza ukuba amaqabunga abune, ama-inflorescence abe amancane, izimbali zilahlekelwa umbala wazo ocebile, kanti lesi sitshalo ngokwawo sibheke ngokubukeka okuncane.
Weeding futhi ukhululeke inhlabathi
I-Astilba igxila ngokuphelele ukhula, njengoba inamarhizomes ezinamandla amakhulu. Kodwa ngenkathi lesi sitshalo sisencane, ukukhula kwe-weeding kudingekile nje, ngoba izimbali ezinobunzima zinobunzima ukulwa nokhula. Ngemuva kwemvula nokuphuza, kuphakanyiswa ukukhulula inhlabathi ezungeze i-astilbe ukuze i-crust ingabonakali. Noma kunjalo, uma kuhlanganiswa, ngaleyo ndlela ngeke kudingeke.
Ngendlela, ngenxa ye-mulching ne-peat kanye ne-hilling yaminyaka yonke, kungenzeka ukuba unciphise ukuguga kwesihlahla, ngoba ama-buds azoba ngaphansi komhlaba ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukudla nini futhi kanjani
Ukuze ulondoloze ukuhlolisisa kwesitshalo, kuyadingeka ukondla u-astilbe. Yenziwa njalo ngonyaka, kodwa ukukhetha izindlela zokudla kuncike ezweni lapho isitshalo sitshalwe khona. Ngakho, uma itshalwe enhlabathini emanzi, Izithasiselo eziyinkimbinkimbi kufanele zisetshenziswe, kanye nama-potassi kanye ne-phosphate fertilizer - emva kokuzimbali. Uma isitshalo sitshalwe ezweni elomile, thatha i-peat noma umquba.
Amakhamera ahlukene asetshenziselwa umphumela othize. Isibonelo, ukugcina amaqabunga namagundane amanzi, sebenzisa umanyolo ohlanjululwayo noma ezinye umquba eziphilayo. Yanezelwa ekuqaleni kokugeleza kwamanzi, okungukuthi, entwasahlobo. Esitshalweni sathuthuka kahle, senza umquba wokugaya. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukuhlushwa okulungile: 25-35 amagremu ngalinye ilitha lamanzi. Lo umanyolo usetshenziswa ekwindla ngaphambi kokubanda. I-potassium sulfate noma i-urea ene-superphosphate izosiza ukwandisa isikhathi sezimbali bese unikeza isitshalo sokumnandi. Le mixube kumele ifakwe emibhedeni ehlobo.
Iqoqo lembewu
Kubalulekile ukuqoqa imbewu yembali ekwindla, lapho isitshalo sishaya (ngokuvamile ngoSepthemba). Naphezu kokuthi bancane kakhulu, kulula ukuwahlanganisa. Ama-inflorescence aphelile futhi omisiwe kufanele aqedwe, ehlanganiswe ephepheni bese efakwa endaweni efudumele. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, kwanele ukuzamazamisa ama-inflorescences, futhi imbewu yazo izokhipha. Ukugcina imbewu ye-Astilba kwenziwa esikhwameni sephepha.
Uyazi? I-Astilbe isilungele ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokutshala, kodwa kunconywa ukuthi ungavumelisalokhu, pre-cut flower izimbali. Iqiniso liwukuthi isitshalo esingafayo singafa, sibeke zonke izikhwepha zayo kuqala. Endabeni yokususwa kwezimbali ezincane, wonke ama-juice aya ekwakheni imifino ephilile, ukukhula kwenhlabathi kanye nokukhula kwama-rhizomes. Ekupheleni kwenkathi, sonke isihlahla sinqunywe ngaphansi kwe-rhizome, futhi sihlanganiswe ne-peat noma inhlabathi. Lokhu kuqhutshwa kwenziwa njalo ngonyaka.
Ukulungiselela i-Astilba ebusika
I-Astilba ichitha ubusika ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Wayejwayele ama-frosts abanzi, kodwa ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa phakathi nenkathi yasentwasahlobo kungaba yingozi kuye. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukuba umquba, uhlanganise izendlalelo ezimbili zempahla yemvelo. Kungaba yi-sawdust, amatshe amancane, amaqabunga amnandi ngonyaka odlule, utshani, amagxolo, amahlumela ama-fir, noma ezinye izinto. Phakathi kwamahlathi kanye nenhlabathi kufanele kube yi-mulch, lapho amagatsha ase-spruce aphelele.
Ngaphezu kokushisa isitshalo ebusika, i-mulching isiza ukugcina ukuwohloka kwenhlabathi, umswakama wayo, nokunciphisa ukushisa okukhulu ehlobo.
Izinsisekelo zokufakelwa okufanele
Kungenzeka ukuthi uhlanganyele ekutshalweni kwezitshalo kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Lokhu kwenziwa kanje. Umgodi ugujwa kusengaphambili, khona-ke i-shrub iyathathwa ngokucophelela futhi ifakwe kuyo. Umgodi kufanele ube mkhulu ngokwanele ukuze izimpande zasemahlathini zingasakazeka ngokukhululekile kuwo. Lesi sitshalo kufanele sihlanganiswe nomhlaba, amanzi kanye nomswakama. Ukuguqulwa kokugcina kusiza ukulondoloza umswakama oyigugu futhi kuvimbele ukubonakala kwe-crust, okuyinto engathandeki kakhulu kwisitshalo esincane.
Kubalulekile! Amasimu ase-Astilbe awavuseleli ngokushesha, kodwa kwezinye izingxenye, kodwa akwenza njalo. I-plant endala, kunzima ukuhlukanisa ama-rhizomes ayo, kodwa ibekezelela kalula ukufakelwa futhi ilungele ukuqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo ngemuva kokutshala. Ukutshala kabusha kungenziwa esikhundleni sokufafaza inhlabathi phezu kwezinso ngemuva kokusika izikwindla.
Inhlanganisela ye-astilbe nezinye izitshalo
Ngokuthi "ubungane" nezinye izitshalo, i-astilba iyadedelwa - ihlala kahle nezinye "izakhamuzi" zensimu. Ngakho-ke Kuzuzisa ukukhetha omakhelwane ngezizathu zobuhle kuphela. Ngakho, amaqabunga e-astilba ama-openwork abukeka enhle ngokuhambisana namaqabunga onke we-hellebore, i-podophyllum noma i-bergenia. Kusukela ezimbali, lesi sitshalo singahlanganiswa nokugeza, irises, iziphuphuphukuphuzile, izimbali zezintaba, iminduze yesigodi.
Njengomthetho, itshalwe emagqumeni angama-stony, emagqumeni ahamba emagqabeni, emgodini wemigodi yamanzi kanye nama-mixborders ahlanganisiwe.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza i-astilba ekhaya
I-Astilba ikhiqizwa ngenye yezindlela ezintathu: imbewu, efihlekile noma ukuhlukaniswa kwehlathi.
Imbewu
Ngosizo lwembewu, lesi sitshalo sisakazwa kuphela ukuzalanisa. Akunangqondo ukuqoqa imbewu yezinhlobo ze-hybride engadini yami, njengoba ziphuthuma ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, ungathenga imbewu ephezulu ye-varietal yokutshala kusayithi lakho.
Ukuze uthuthukise izithombo, imbewu kufanele ilungiselelwe kahle ukutshala. Ukwenza lokhu, imbewu ifakwa izinsuku ezingu-20 endaweni lapho izinga lokushisa ligcinwa khona ku- +/- 4 ° C. Bese kudluliselwa ekamelweni elifudumele elifudumele ngokushisa kwe-18-22 ° C. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini enomanzi, futhi emva kwenqubo, inhlabathi ayingcwatshwe. Emva kwamasonto ambalwa, amahlumela amancane kufanele avele angatshala emibhedeni eboshiwe. Kubalulekile ukugcina njalo ukuchelela.
Cuttings
Nge-astilba grafting kusho ukukhiqizwa kwayo yizinso, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba uzalise isitshalo ngokushesha kunenzalo. Lapho amahlumela ekhula entwasahlobo, anqunywa ngokucophelela ngengxenye ye-rhizome futhi aphathwa ngokusikeka komlotha. Izithelo eziqhamuka zitshalwe enhlanganeni ye-gravel ne-peat (1: 3) futhi zimbozwe ngezinto ezibonakalayo, isibonelo, ukugoqa nge-plastic. Ukujula kokutshala kufanele kufane nobukhulu bomsuka, kodwa ukuze izinso zibe yingxenye yecentimitha ehlanganiswe nenhlabathi. Shank igxilile cishe ngonyaka. Lokhu kungukuthi, kuyokwazi ukuyibeka endaweni evulekile entwasahlobo ezayo.
Uhlukanisa isihlahla
Ezimweni eziningi, usebenzisa le ndlela yokukhiqiza, njengokuhlukaniswa kwehlathi. Kuze kube sekupheleni, entwasahlobo, ngenkathi isitshalo singakaqali, noma ekwindla ngemuva kokubhakabhaka kwayo, amaqabunga anqunywe, isihlahla sikhishwa futhi sihlukaniswe ngokuthi okuthiwa i-delenki. Ngamunye wabo kufanele afake okungenani isiqu esisodwa esiphelile se-3-5 buds. Ungasebenzisa futhi ungafaki iziqu, kodwa kulokhu akufanele ulindele ukutshala izimbali ngonyaka ozayo. I-Delenki itshalwe ibanga elingama-30 cm komunye nomunye, ingakhohlwa ukuwasebenzisa njalo.
Ukuphikiswa kwe-Astilba izifo, indlela yokuphatha ngayo
Lesi sitshalo simelana kakhulu nezifo. Ngokunakekelwa kahle, kungavamile kakhulu ukugula, kodwa izinambuzane kuwo zithanda ukuxazulula. Isibonelo, ngokuvamile uzohlasela i-slobbering penny okuyinto eqala ukuthatha isitshalo nge axils amaqabunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinambuzane ngokwawo azibheki ngengozi ethile, ngoba izibungu zazo ziletha umonakalo omkhulu, oguqula ingxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo, engashiye ngaphandle kwe-oksijeni futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uqhubeke nokukhula. Ungalwa nabo kuphela ngokukhipha ngesandla izidleke.
Futhi kuyingozi gallic noma umhlaba nematode. Lezi zinambuzane zihlala kuma-rhizomes of izitshalo emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-20 ° C kanye nomswakama ophezulu. Ungakwazi ukunquma ukuhlasela kwayo ngokubonakala kwehlathi - liqala ukuphenduka. Ukulwa nezinambuzane akulula futhi ngokuvamile abalimi balula ukutshala isihlahla nezwe elizungezile futhi balichithe ngokuphelele ukuze i-parasite ingafaki kwezinye izitshalo. Ungazama futhi ukuhlanza umuthi we-rhizome emhlabathini bese uwuhlanza emanzini afudumele (50-55 ° C).
I-Astilba iyitshalo enhle kakhulu, emnene futhi engahlehlisi. Ukukhetha okukhulu kwezinhlobonhlobo kukuvumela ukhethe umthunzi owufanele kakhulu engadini yakho. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke ekunakekeleni imbali ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyanisela ngamanzi ngokwanele futhi ivimbela inhlabathi ekumeni. I-Astilba ikhiqizwa ngokwanele ngokwanele, ngakho-ke ungahlala unamakhadi amasha wokutshala.
