Izici zokukhula kwesibisi saseMargilan - imithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa, izinsuku zokutshala, izinkinga ezikhona

Eminyakeni yamuva, abalimi abaningi bakhula ngezivakashi zabo ezivela eChina - isithombo samathenda namanzi, okuthiwa uMargilan noma uLoba.

Ngenxa yokuqapha kwayo, isithombo seShayina sizuzisa ngokwezomnotho ukutshala izitshalo zezimpande zemifino.

Lesi sihloko sizobheka indlela yokutshala le mifino enempilo enomsoco futhi enomsoco ukuze uthole isivuno esihle ekwindla.

Sizokubuye sikutshele ngezinkinga ezingase zivele lapho zikhula isithombo seMargilan, isixazululo nokuvimbela kwabo.

Izici zokutshala izitshalo

Izici zokulima imifino:

1. Ikhetha inhlabathi nge-pH ka-6-7 kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-humus ka-4-5%.
2. Ikhulile ikakhulukazi ensimini - ifilimu ne-greenhouse zisetshenziselwa ukusheshisa ukuvuthwa.
3. Imbewu ibonakala ngokuhluma okuhle, ihlume izinsuku ezingu-3-7 ku-2 ºC.
4. Amahlumela akhuthazelela amaqhwa kuze kufike ku-4 ºC, izitshalo ezindala - kuze kufinyelele ku-7 ºC.
5. Ukomiswa okwesikhathi esifushane kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwe-fetus kunciphisa isivuno.
6. Umanyolo we-Organic usetshenziselwa inhlabathi engenayo i-nitroggen - umquba omusha ngaphansi kwesitshalo sangaphambilini, obolile - kusukela ekwindla.
7. Ngokuntuleka kokukhanya nokuqina kwezitshalo, ukukhula kwe-fetus kuyayeka - isithombo siphula ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kuvame nini ukutshala?

E-Russia, kuye ngokuthi isifunda, Isithombo seShayina sihlwanyelwa kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili kaJulayi kuya eminyakeni eyishumi ka-Agasti.

Ukuhambisana namanye amasiko

Isithombo sesitshalo seShayina sitshalwe emva kwezilimo lapho kusetshenziselwa khona umanyolo ophilayo - ikhabe kanye ne-solanaceous, kanye nemifino eluhlaza.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye imifino yezimpande isithombo engxenyeni yesibili yenkathi yokukhula idla kakhulu i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, ngakho-ke, kubuyiselwa endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni hhayi ngaphambili kuka-3-4 iminyaka.

Isithombo sesitshalo samaShayina sihambisana kahle nama-legumes kanye ne-solanaceae, ulethisi, ama-strawberry, i-dill ne-parsley.

Akufanele utshale isithombo seMargilan eceleni kwebhubhu kanye nezinye anyanisi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezifaneleke kakhulu?

Usizo I-Margilan isithombo Loba ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezinhlanu - ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza, ezibomvu, ezibomvu, ezibomvu.

Ngokuphelele, izinhlobo ezingu-25 ze-Lobs ezinconyelwe ukulima emapulazini okuxhaswa ngabanye kuzo zonke izindawo zokulima zifakwa kwiRejista Yombuso.

Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo isikhathi sokutshala kuze kube sekupheleni izinsuku ezingu-55-90. Izitshalo zomsuka zimanzi futhi zithandeka, zizungezile noma ziyi-cylindrical, zilinganisa kusuka ku-150 kuya ku-500 g. Ikhwalithi yokugcina okuhle ayifani - kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-60 kuya kwezingu-200.

Imbewu yesithombo seShayina uLob wezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene ezivela kubakhiqizi baseRussia abaholayo, bephethe izindleko ezingu-1 g kusuka ku-ruble angu-17, okubonisa isikhathi sokusetshenziswa futhi banikezwe imiyalelo yokukhula, kuthengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile. Izitolo ze-inthanethi zinikeza imbewu yesisindo somsebenzi ngokudiliva.

Izinsuku zokutshala

Imigomo ixhomeke ezimeni zendawo-zezulu zendawo ethile kanye nezimfanelo ezihlukahlukene. Ezimweni zesifunda saseNovosibirsk, izimo ezinhle zokukhula nokugcwaliswa kwezitshalo zempande zakhiwa emva kuka-Juni 30.

Ukuze kube nesimo sezulu se-Primorye, izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zibunzi ibhande lika-Raspberry, i-Elephant's Fang, i-Harbin. Lapha, ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ekwenzeni i-ridge noma ubuchwepheshe be-ridge eminyakeni eyishumi kaJulayi.

Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela isithombo seShayina ezimweni zesifunda seNtshonalanga sisuka phakathi kweyishumi leminyaka kuya kweyishumi leminyaka kaJulayi.

Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile

Inqubo kanje:

1. Usuku ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu isetshenziselwa isisombululo se-potassium permanganate - u-0.2 g wezidakamizwa kuthathwa 1 l amanzi.
2. Hlwanyela imbewu egcwele.
3. Kusukela ekwindla benza ukumba okujulile kwenhlabathi - i-bayonet yefosholo 1. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-20 g ngalinye ngamaminithi ama-phosphorus-potassium asetshenzisiwe, ama-humus noma umquba - 2-3 kg ngehora elilodwa lemitha. Ngaphansi kokutshala kwentwasahlobo yenza u-10 g ngehora elilodwa lama-nitrogen umquba, ongashintshwa ngomlotha - 150-200 g ngalinye 1 m². On amahlumela amancane amahlumela avele ngokushesha futhi athuthukise ngokwengeziwe ngenxa yokuthi ekujuleni 10-20 cm lokushisa kuphakama 1.5 ºC.
4. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekujuleni kwe-1.5-2.5 cm, izicucu ezintathu izidleke ngayinye enhlabathini emanzi. Isivuno esikhulu kunazo zonke sitholakale uma ubuningi bemi emamitha angu-1 lapho kuvuna kungu-14-15 izitshalo.
5. Ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ngokohlelo olujwayelekile 45x30 noma ibanga 60 + 25x30.
6. I-thinning yokuqala yenziwa esigabeni samaqabunga amabili eqiniso. Izithombo eziqinile zidlula kanye ne-land fump ezindaweni ezingenalutho futhi zihlale ziphuza.
7. I-thinning yesibili - esigabeni samaqabunga 3-4 weqiniso - ushiya ibanga phakathi kwezithombo zika-25-30 cm.
8. Emoyeni owomile, amanzi njalo, ezama ukugcina inhlabathi ihlale imanzi.

Isithombo sesitshalo seShayina sondliwa ngama-fertilizer ahlukene kakhulu uma isithelo sifinyelela umthamo ububanzi obuyi-4-5 cm. I-10 l ithatha ama-30-40 g omanyolo. Izinhlobo ezihloswe ukusetshenziswa kwehlobo, zondliwa kabili, ebusika - izikhathi ezingu-3-4.

Ungenza ukugqoka kwesibili ngomlotha - 200 g ngehora elilodwa lemitha emvula noma ekutheni.

Kusukela kuhlumela iklabishi, elimaza amahlumela, kusiza ukuthulila izithombo ngomlotha oxubene nogwayi. Ukhula luyakususwa njalo ukuze izitshalo zingabhubhisi. Ikhululekile ngokuhlelekile. Easy hilling izosiza ukuvikela isithelo kuma-slugs.

Izinhlobo zasehlobo zihlanzekile ngokukhetha, ebusika - ukuhlanzwa okulodwa endaweni ecacile ngaphambi kweqhwa. Lezi ziqongqo zinqunyiwe ku-0.5 cm ngaphandle kokulimaza izithelo.

Izinkinga nezinkinga ezingenzeka

Ngemva kokuhlwanyela isithombo, ukunakekelwa okufanele kubalulekile. Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, izimpande ze-lobs zingonakaliswa kakhulu yizibungu ze-fly cabbage.

Ukuntuleka kokushisa kuvimbela ukwakhiwa kwe-fetus. Lapho kubanda kunyuselwa iphesenti yezimpande ezingathuthuki. Ama-températures angaphezu kuka-30 acindezela - ngokushisa isikhathi eside lesi sitshalo singafa.

Izitshalo zomsuka ezikhulile emigqumeni encane, uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abatshalwe phansi, baqoqa ushukela owengeziwe kanye nendaba eyomile, futhi nitrate kancane.

Isithombo sesitshalo seShayina sitholakala ku-cruciferous keel - isifo esiyingozi kakhulu. Ukushintsha kwesomiso nokuchelela okunengi kuyingozi - okuholela ekutheni kube nezimbali.

Uma ukuchelela akunakwenzeka ukuphinde unganise umhlabathi - i-bacteriosis ingakhula. Uma igcinwa eziqukathi ngesanti, izimpande ze-lobs zihlushwa okungenani kusuka kokumhlophe, okumpunga, nokubola kwamagciwane.

Isibungu seShayina ebunzini eliphethe izakhiwo eziphakeme okunomsoco nokuphefumula, likhula ngempumelelo ngezitshalo eziphindaphindiwe.