Ngisiphi isitshalo esingaba nesithombo sokudla, bese usihlwanyela?

Ukuzikhethela komakhelwane ensimini yilobuciko bangempela bokuhlelwa kwensimu. Noma yimiphi imifino ayihlwanyeli ayiyodwa, kodwa iminyango yabanye. Ukukhethwa nokuvumelanisa okulungile kwezitshalo - isiqinisekiso sezitshalo eziningi kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo nezifo nezinambuzane.

Ngemuva kwalokho, tshala isithombo? Iziphi izandulela ezifanele? Yini engatshalalwa eceleni kwayo, futhi ingabe kukhona omakhelwane abenqatshelwe ngalesi sitshalo? Siphendula yonke imibuzo.

Kungani kuphakama umbuzo mayelana nokuhambisana kwemifino ehlukene?

Njalo ngonyaka, ngaphambi kokuqala inkathi entsha yensimu, udinga ukucabangela indawo yezitshalo kusayithi lakho. Kwaze kwaphakanyiswa ukuba kwenziwe uhlelo lwezitshalo ukuze kulungiswe ngonyaka ozayo, bese utshala isiko esithile. Umbuzo wokuhambisana kwesithombo kanye neminye imifino ibonakala, ngoba indawo ekhethwe ngokungalungile ivimbela le mifino futhi ivuse izifo, kanye nomakhelwane abafanelekile, ngokuphambene nalokho, banomthelela ekuvuneni okuningi.

Usizo Ukuhlwanyelwa kwesitshalo esifaneleko kuzosiza ngokuhlakanipha ukusebenzisa umhlaba begodu ngesikhathi esisodwa ugcine isikhala ensimini.

Ukutshala eduze kwezitshalo ezihambisanayo kubuye kube lula kakhulu inqubo yokunakekela, njengoba idinga cishe izinqubo kanye nemibandela efanayo:

• ukukhanya okukhulu;
• ukuchelela;
• inhlabathi efanelekayo;
• uhlelo lokusebenza lokudla.

Izitshalo zokutshala ezingahambisani ne-radishes kuyingozi kanye nezinkinga eziningana. Lokhu kukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwefungal, ukuthuthukiswa okungalungile kwesiko, ukukhangwa kwezinambuzane kanye nesitshalo esincane.

Yimaphi amasiko azoba abanduleli abahle?

Abandulela phambili kuzo zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobo zesithombo kukhona ama-legumes:

• lentile;
• i-peas;
• amantongomane;
• ubhontshisi.

Futhi isiko sizokhula kahle emva:

• ukhukhamba;
• u-squash;
• i-pepper;
• ama-eggplant;
• imifino (i-dill, anyanisi).

Lezi zitshalo zinamakhemikhali ahlukile, zidinga inhlabathi ehlukile. Amagciwane nezifo eziphilayo ezihlala enhlabathini, ngeke zithinte isimo sesithombo.

Awukwazi ukutshala isithombo ngemuva kwamalungu omndeni wakwaCruciferous. Yilokhu:

• iklabishi;
• izaqathe;
• amabhontshisi;
• i-horseradish;
• isithombo

Kusukela kubo, isithombo singathathwa yizifo ezifanayo, izinambuzane. Ngemuva kokuba izitshalo zinikezwe, isithombo singatshalwa kule ndawo emva kweminyaka engu-3-4 kuphela.

Kungenzeka yini ukubeka endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eminingana?

Ukutshala ukujikeleza kanye nokunye kwezitshalo kuyimfuneko edingekayo ukuvimbela ukuchithwa kwenhlabathi kanye nokuqoqwa kwezifo nezifo ezinambuzane kulo. Isithombo singabuyiselwa endaweni lapho isikhule khona eminyakeni emi-2-4 kuphela.

Kodwa udinga ukulungisa kahle inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala:

1. ukumba;
2. yenza ukudla;
3. ukukhipha imishanguzo (ukuchithwa ngekhambi lokusebenza kwamakhemikhali).

Kodwa isivuno esikhulu endaweni yakudala cishe akunakwenzeka ukufeza.

Imiphi imifino engatshalwa ngonyaka ozayo?

Emva kokuvuna isithombo, indawo kufanele ihlanzwe izitshalo zokutshala, ukumba. Ngonyaka olandelayo, kuvunyelwe ukutshala noma yikuphi izitshalo ezingeyona ingxenye yomndeni ofanayo we-radish (emndenini weKlabishi noma kwisiqephu esisha - uCruciferous). Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, wonke amalungu alo mndeni anesifo esifanayo nama-radishes.

Izitshalo ezicacile zokutshala emva kwesithombo.

• Utamatisi namaqabunga. Izitshalo azikho izitha ezivamile, iphunga lezotamatisi liyanqanda ngokuphumelelayo imfucuza ye-cruciferous nama-aphid.
• Peas, bahcha, ubhontshisi - ukuntuleka kwezitha ezivamile, amazinga ahlukene okukhula kwama-rhizomes.

Yini engatshalalwa embhedeni owodwa?

Inketho ethandwa kakhulu ukutshala isithombo emaphethelweni ensimu lapho amaqabunga noma iklabishi ikhula khona. Loluhlaza luzovikela izitshalo ezimpandeni ezivela ebumbeni lobumba. Futhi umakhelwane ofanele ngesithombo kukhona ibhontshisi yezinhlamvu. It kuzokwenza ngcono ukunambitheka impande futhi esabisayo izinambuzane.

Ngokuvamile ungathola isithombo esitshalwe emaphethelweni emibhede nge:

• ukhukhamba;
• utamatisi;
• amazambane;
• anyanisi.

Lokhu kusindisa kakhulu isikhala kusayithi.

Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukutshala isithombo eduze kwehisopi. Lesi siko esinobuciko kunzima ukuhambisana nanoma yikuphi imifino, kungaphazamisa ukunambitheka kwempande.

Omakhelwane abalungile nabanomusa ngenxa yesithombo - izimbali ezihlukahlukene.

1. I-Nasturtium Ivikela izilokazane (whitefly, whitefish), izonikeza isithelo ukuhamba kancane nokubukeka.
2. I-Marigolds noma i-Chernobrivtsy. Iphunga elithile livinjelwa yizindiza eziningi ezindizayo nezinwabuzelayo (i-moth, i-nematode, i-weevil, amabhu). Ukwesabisa izinyosi ensimini ngesithombo, ungasakaza futhi iziqu ze-marigold eziqoshiwe.
3. I-Clover noma i-flax ukuvikela ukutshala isiko kusuka e-fusarium.
4. I-Chamomile pyrethrium - inambuzane yemvelo. Kuzovikela izimpande ezivela ku-scoop, izibungu, amabhu.
5. I-Calendula. Uzosindisa isithombo kusuka nematodes kanye fusarium.
6. Okumnandi i-lavender ukuvikela ingadi kusuka ezintuthweni.

Ngakho, isithombo siyingxenye yomndeni weCruciferous (Iklabishi). Amanye amalungu alo mndeni ayenqatshelwe ukutshala emva kwesithombo iminyaka engu-3-4. Cruciferous - abandulele kunazo zonke izitshalo. Umsuka ukhula kahle emva kwemifino, ungatshala isithombo eduze kwamatamatisi, anyanisi, amazambane, izimbali. Khumbula ukuthi indawo engakwesokudla ingenye yeziqinisekiso zokuvunwa okuhle.