Izaqathe - imifino ethandwa kakhulu. Ingathengwa kumashalofu esitolo sonke unyaka wonke. Izitshalo zempande ziyoletha inzuzo enkulu uma ikhula ngokuzimela. Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle samaqathe, kuyadingeka ukuba usebenzise ama-fertilizer.
Isibonelo, kuye ngezici zenhlabathi, ama-agent ahlukene ahlukeneyo angadingeka ukuze kukhule ukukhula okuhle. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola isanqante enhle nephilile, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngokudla izaqathe esiteji sokuqala sokutshala.
Kungani kubalulekile ukutshala?
Kukhona ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwenani lomanyolo kanye nenani lomkhiqizo wokugcina wamaqathi. Isibonelo, thatha izaqathe ezimbili: enye, ikhulile ngokuzimela, enye iseza isikhathi esifanele sama-fertilizer.
- Ngemuva kokudla kokuqala umehluko uyabonakala.
Imifino yemifino ehlwanyelwe: Iveza amaqabunga aqinile futhi aluhlaza.
Imifino emifuno engalungile: Ukukhishwa kwamapheshana amancane. Kukhona ukuqhuma lapha nalapha.
- Ngemva kwenyanga, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezitshalo.
Imifino yemifino ehlwanyelwe:
- Iqukethe iziqongqo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Ishesha kakhulu futhi ithuthukile kahle.
- Inombala ogqamile.
Imifino emifuno engalungile:
- Amaqabunga alula kakhulu futhi abuthakathaka.
- Ukuqala ukuthuthukisa.
- Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, umphumela usobala.
Imifino yemifino ehlwanyelwe:
- I-carrot ikhula iphinde iphinde ihle.
- Umbala obomvu.
- Ayikho imifantu.
Imifino emifuno engalungile:
- Ukuphela kwamasonto amabili.
- Ekubukeni lishiya kakhulu ukufisa - isitshalo sesitshalo sincane futhi singathuthuki kancane.
Amaminerali noma ama-organic?
Abanye ochwepheshe bathi izaqathe kufanele zikhule kuphela kumanyolo wamaminerali. Nokho, uma isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, zombili izinhlobo zomanyolo ziyozuzisa kuphela lesi sitshalo.
Iziqu zemvelo zivame ukungezwa ekupheleni kwekwindla - ekuqaleni kwasebusika.ngqo ngaphansi kwesanqante ayinconywa. Ngaphezulu kwaloluhlobo lwezinqotshwa zomanyolo kuzolungele ukubola. Uma esikhathini esidlule isiko esinomqondo obalulekile wezinto eziphilayo sakhula kulombhede, manje ungakwenza ngaphandle kwalo. Isiko esitshaliwe sizokhula kahle ezintweni ezithintekayo emhlabathini.
Amaminerali amaminerali anganezelwa kuzo zonke izigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande. Into ebaluleke kunazo zonke akuyona ukuyiqeda.
Yini futhi nini okufanele uyondle?
Ukulungisa umhlaba wokutshala kufanele uqale ekwindla.
Umanyolo wokuqala osebenzayo usetshenziswa. Njengoba lolu hlobo lomanyolo lunikeza ubuhle bomhlabathi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma izinga le-asidi li-5.5, umlotha noma ezinye izinto ezinciphisa kufanele zengezwe enhlabathini. Emva kwalokho, ungaqala ukusebenzisa amaminerali.
Spring
Amaminerali
Izithako:
- i-potassium chloride;
- superphosphate;
- urea
Ukulinganisa: 1: 1: 0.5 nge-1 sq.m. umhlaba. Umanyolo usetshenziselwa ukulungiselela umhlabathi.
- Okokuqala udinga ukumba imibhede cishe ngo-35 cm ngokujula.
- Ngaphambi kokondla, i-superphosphate kumele ibe yi-powder.
- Zonke izithako kufanele zixutshwe futhi zikhuliswe kanye ne-baking powder, uma kunesidingo.
Ash
Ukulinganisa:
- ekwindla 200g of ash per 1 sq. m;
- ngoJuni, ngesikhathi kunwetshwa iziqongonga, 1 indebe ngayinye imitha yesikwele.
Kubalulekile ukumba indawo yokutshala izaqathe, ngenkathi igcoba inhlabathi ngomlotha owomile.
Umanyolo onjalo uphazamisa umhlabathi futhi uwenze ube ocebile kakhulu. Ehlobo, kubalulekile ukutshala imibhede ngomlotha ngezinsuku eziyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuchelela..
Umquba
Ukulinganisa: 6-8 kg nge-1 sq. M.
Ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo ukumba umhlabathi kungumquba obolile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kudingekile ukuba ufafaze ngisho nasendlaleni elithile ukuze ngesikhathi sokumba umquba kufakwa ngokulinganayo. Ngokwehlukana, uma kunesidingo, khipha inhlabathi ngokungeza u-choki, ufulawa wama dolomite noma umlotha.
I-Saltpeter ne-superphosphate
Izithako:
- superphosphate (200g);
- umanyolo we-potassium (100g);
- i-nitrate ye-sodium (50g);
- i-lime (100g).
Ukulinganisa: imitha ngayinye yesigcawu ingeza izithako ngenani elingenhla.
I-autumn
Umquba
Ukulinganisa: ibhakede elilodwa nge-sq.m. / 6-8 kg nge-sq.m.
Sebenzisa umquba omusha ongcono.. Umanyolo usetshenziselwa ukulungiselela umhlabathi. Ngemuva kokungeza ingxenye, umbhede kufanele uguqulwe.
I-Peat noma i-sawdust
Ukulinganisa: 6-8 kg nge-sq.m. for peat.
I-Sawdust isebenzisana ndawonye no-2 tbsp. i-nitrophosphate ne-1 tbsp. superphosphate. Imibhede ithululelwa phezulu uma ilungiselela inhlabathi, ikakhulukazi ubumba kanye nenhlabathi ye-podzolic.
I-Sand ne-sawdust
Izithako:
- inhlanganisela yesihlabathi kanye ne-sawdust;
- superphosphate (2 tbsp.).
Ngaphambi kokwenza i-superphosphate, kufanele ichotshozwe ibe yi-powder. Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi enhlabathini ye-peat.
Phosphorus-potash
Ukulinganisa: 10g we-phosphate-potash umanyolo ngamunye 1 sq. M.
Inhlabathi ngaphansi komanyolo igujwa ngokucophelela, emva kwalokho umanyolo ufakwa. Kunconywa ngenhlabathi ye-chernozem kanye nemibhede, izwe okusetshenziselwa kakhulu isikhathi eside.
Ukuhlwanyela ngaphansi kwebusika
I-Organic ne-potassium sulphate
Izithako: potassium sulfate noma potassium sulfate.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu umanyolo ungaxubana ne-urea, i-ammonium nitrate, i-ammonium sulfate, i-carbonate ye-potassium, i-lime, i-choki ne-dolomite.
Ukutshala izaqathe nge potassium sulfate, kuyadingeka ukuba usakaze isayithi bese ulimba kahle kakhulu. ezingeni le-bayonet ye-spade. Kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi neze-alkaline. Lokhu kungenxa ye-acidity yomanyolo.
Ash
Ukulinganisa: 130-150g nge-1 sq. M.
It isetshenziswa lapho inhlabathi impela ecebile futhi akudingi ukwengeza njalo of amaminerali amaminerali. Ngemuva kokwenza umlotha ngomlotha, imibhede ibanjwe.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo iziqondiso zendlela yokutshala
Umlingisi
Umveli uyisimanyo esikahle kakhulu futhi esisebenzayo sembewu, ikakhulukazi izaqathe. Ngokwesilinganiso, ilitha elilodwa lokunamathisela lanele ukuhlwanyela 10 g.
Kunezinyathelo eziyinhloko zokunamathisela:
- Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela izindawo zokuhlala endaweni ekhethiwe kumele kusetshenziswe amanzi ngamanzi.
- Ukunamathisela okulungiselelwe kuhlanganiswe kanye nembewu yenanqante ebhodleleni lepulasitiki elinomgodi esihlahleni, isiliva le-pastry elinomsobho omkhulu, njll.
- Thela noma uthele (ngokuya kokubunjwa okwenziwe) unamathisele ngembewu kulezi zindawo.
- Ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlwanyela, imibhede kufanele ifakwe ngendwangu encane yomhlaba ovulekile (okungaphezulu kuka-2 cm ubukhulu).
- Ukuze uqhubeke nokugcina umswakama emhlabathini, umbhede uhlanganiswe nefilimu noma ezinye izinto ezingezona eziboshwe kuze kube khona ukuvela kwamahlumela enanqante.
Boron
- Uma ufaka imbewu yesanqante nge-boric acid, kufanele usebenzise amanzi ashisayo ukufudumala ku- + 45 ... +50 C.
- Sula ngokuphelele 1 tsp. i-powder ku-1 litre liketshezi elifudumele, bese uletha ivolumu yenani ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa ukuya ku-10 l.
- Ukudla kokuqala kwe-fetus kufanele kwenziwe phakathi no-Julayi, lapho impande izoqala ukwakha.
- Isikhathi sesibili izithelo kufanele zifakwe engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Agasti, ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kwezitshalo.
Igobolondo le-egg
- Ngaphambi kokufaka umquba wezinqotshwa, amaqabunga amaqanda kumele amiswe futhi iphini lokugcoba kumele idluliselwe kuyo.
- Kubalulekile ukwenza izimpande ngezimpande zesikhathi esizayo, zimanzi ngobuningi obanele.
- Thela amaqanda amaqanda abekwe kuwo bese ugcwalisa imbewu. Bese ufafaze umhlaba bese uphonsa phansi ngenduku noma ngesandla.
Amaphutha akhona
- Imbewu yomanyolo ethengwe ezitolo ezinkulu. Imbewu eyenziwe ekulungele ukuthengwa ezitolo zenkampani isilungele ukuhlwanyela futhi ayidingi ukucubungula okungeziwe. Sebedlule isigaba sokulahlwa kwezifo nezinambuzane. Ukuze ulungiselele ukusetshenziswa kufanele kuphela leyo mbewu eyathengwa ngezandla ezindaweni ezingavamile, kanye namanyolo ezinkampani ezingaziwa kakhulu.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye nomanyolo enhlabathini eyomile. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umanyolo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa umswakama wenhlabathi. Kusukela lokhu kuxhomeke emthethweni wokudla kanye nomphumela wayo empandeni. Uma inhlabathi ngaphansi kwezinqathe ihlala isomile, lesi sitshalo singafa noma sivinjelwe. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zomquba, kufaka phakathi umquba wamanzi.
- Amakhomikhali e-phosphate nama-potash asetshenziswa ngaphezu komhlaba. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza komquba we-phosphate kanye ne-kleiynnyh, kubalulekile ukuwafaka emhlabathini, noma usebenzise uhlobo lokudla kwamanzi. Uma ama-fertilizer asele phezulu, azolahlekelwa incazelo futhi angeke afakwe izitshalo.
Kwenzekani uma wenza la maphutha?
Izitshalo ze-izaqathi ezibolile, ezingathuthuki, kungenzeka, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungaluthola ngokuphelele.
Ungakugwema kanjani?
Kudingekile ukufeza izinqubo zokunakekelwa futhi ulandele imithetho yokudla izaqathe.
Kuthiwani uma uvunyelwe?
Qinisekisa ukuthi ulandela izimpande kanye nezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo, ususe izitshalo ezithintekile kusukela kulo lonke.
I-carrot yokulima ukukhiqiza inikeza umndeni ngamavithamini unyaka wonke.. Lokhu ukuqiniseka ngokungabi khona kwezinto eziyingozi, ama-acids nezinye izinto ezibhubhisa i-vitamin base. Lesi siko asizithobeki, kodwa sidinga ukunamathela kwezobuchwepheshe bezolimo ukuthola izitshalo eziphakeme kakhulu.
