Imbewu yama-Dutch breeders yaziwa kabanzi kubalimi emhlabeni jikelele. Banezici ezifana nalokhu: ukuhluma okuhle kakhulu, ukuvunwa okuphezulu, izimfanelo ezinhle zangaphandle nezokunambitheka kwezitshalo zempande, ukumelana nezimila ezifweni. Omunye wabamele abamele inkampani yokuzala uBejo yiBaltimore isanqante F1.
Lesi sihloko sichaza izici ze-Baltimore F1 izaqathe, kanye nemithetho yokuvuna nokugcina.
Imfanelo
Incazelo ngesithombe
I izaqathe zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zibukeka kahle futhi zinambitha. Izimpande ze-orange ezikhanyayo zinomumo obushelelekile obunobuso. Ubuso besanqante bubushelelezi, iphoyinti isondelene, isikhumba sincane. Ubude besithelo buyi-20-25 cm, ubukhulu buyi-3-5 cm. Isisindo sesithelo singama-200-220g. Inyama iyamanzi, umgogodla uphansi. Shiya ifomu elinamandla elihlukanisiwe. Isitshalo kulezi zihlukahlukene sifinyelela ukuphakama kwama-40 cm.
Hlola izithombe ezengeziwe ezihlukahlukene zeBaltimore F1.
Uhlobo luni?
I-Hybrid ingezohlukahlukene ze- "Berlikum-Nantes" enezici kuye imifino eyisiphukuphuku imifino. Ubude nobubanzi, badlulela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze- "Nantes".
Inani le-fructose ne-beta carotene
Izinhlobonhlobo zidumile ngezindawo zayo eziwusizo, okunomsoco nokuphulukisa. 100 g of izaqathe aqukethe:
- i-fructose 7.0 - 7.5%;
- Indaba eyomile 11.5 - 12.5%;
- i-beta carotene cishe ngo-22.5 mg.
Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela
Hlwanyela kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuMeyi. Kungatshalwa ngesikhathi esilandelayo. Izaqathe ziyoba nesikhathi sokuthola isisindo bese zakha isimo sesimo sezinsizi.
Ukuvuna kokuqala, ukuhlwanyela kwenziwa ekwindla sekwephuzile.
Ukuhluma
Imbewu inokuhluma okuhle, ibe nemikhiqizo ephezulu kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kanye nezimfanelo zezohwebo.
Isisindo sesilinganiso sempande
Umsuka wesisindo uvela ku-0.15 kuya ku-0.25 kg, ngokwesilinganiso esingu-0.2 kg.
Ukukhiqiza kusuka ku-1 ha
Ukukhiqizwa kuleli banga kusezingeni eliphakeme. Isivuno ehektheleni ngalinye ngama-336 kuya ku-604.
Ukuqokwa nokugcina ikhwalithi
I-hybrid inomkhiqizo ophezulu futhi, ngakho-ke, isetshenziselwa kokubili emapulazini omuntu siqu kanye nokulima kwezimboni. Ama-carrots alezi zinhlobonhlobo asetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-jus, amazambane ahlambulukile, ukudla kwezingane. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni, okufakazelwe kahle ekuqandeni kanye nokumisa.
Isitshalo sigcina ukuhamba okude futhi sinomgangatho omuhle wokugcina. Ekugcineni kokushisa okubekiwe kanye nomswakama kungagcinwa kuze kufike isivuno esisha. Ibanga lenzelwe ukugcina isikhathi eside.
Izindawo zokulima
Ama-carrot ahlukahlukene Baltimore F1 akhule ezindaweni ezinjalo:
- Ephakathi.
- Isifunda se-Central Black Earth.
- Northwest.
- I-West Siberia.
- I-East Siberia.
- EMpumalanga Ekude.
- I-Volgo-Vyatka.
- I-Volga Ephansi ne-Ural.
Izithelo eziphakeme ziye zafinyelelwa esifundeni esivela eRussia. Futhi, lezi zihlukahlukene zithandwa eBelarus, eMoldova nase-Ukraine.
Ukukhetha indawo
I-Baltimore F1 ikhulile kunoma iyiphi indawo engadini, ngokuya ngokutholakala kwenhlabathi evulekile futhi ayikho mnyama. Kodwa izaqathe zingatshalwa hhayi kuphela ensimini, kodwa futhi ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Izici ezithandekayo zokulima okunjalo zizoba ukuvuthwa kwangaphambilini kunendawo evulekile. I-greenhouse kufanele ibe endaweni enelanga futhi ifakwe umoya omuhle.
Ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane
Izaqathe zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphikisana kahle nezifo nezinambuzane. Amahlamvu aphikisana kakhulu nezifo ze-fungal kanye ne-powdery isikhutha, futhi isivuno sempande asinikezwa kahle i-nematode, enganciphisa kakhulu isivuno.
Ama-karoti avame ukuthinteka ukubola, okumhlophe nokuphuzi. Ukuze ugweme lezi zifo, umanyolo we-potashi ne-nitrogen usetshenziswa emhlabathini, amaqabunga aphathwa nge-Bordeaux ingxube. Izinambuzane zibandakanya isanqante fly. Izibungu zalo zikhula emhlabathini futhi zithelele izimpande. Imithi enjalo njenge-Actellic, i-Decis Profi ne-Arrivo iphikisana kahle nayo.
Ukuvusa
Ubhekene nezinhlobo zokuvuthwa okuphakathi. Kusukela lapho amahlumela avela ngaphambi kokuvuna, kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-100. Ezihlukahlukene kufanelekile ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yokuqala yezinhlaka, okuyizinsuku ezingu-90 ezanele.
Umhlaba
Ibonisa ukungathobeki nokungahlehlisi. Umhlabathi okhanyayo, ogcwele kahle futhi ovundile, onjenge-loams, kufanelekile ukuwukhula. Uma inhlabathi inzima futhi ingenayo ivulekile, ihlinzekwa ngokungezwa kwesihlabathi, i-peat, i-sawdust.
Ukuphikiswa kwe-Frost
It has omuhle kakhulu frost ukumelana, ibekezelela ukushisa. Ngaphansi kokushisa okudingekayo kanye nomswakama kungagcinwa kuze kufike isivuno esisha. Kufaneleka ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia.
I-Baltimore F1, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, kuhle kakhulu kwezitshalo zasebusika.
- Imbewu ihlwanyiswa phakathi noNovemba, imifula ihlanganiswa nenhlabathi eyomile.
- Imibhede ephezulu ihlanganiswe ne-peat noma i-humus.
- Lapho iqhwa liwela phezu kombhede lakha ibhola leqhwa ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwembewu.
Umlando wokuzala
I-Baltimore F1 i-carrot ezihlukahlukene zakhiwe yi-Dutch breeding company Bejo. Le hybrid iyingxenye yeqembu eliningi leBellikum / Nantes. Ukukhethwa kwenzelwa ngesisekelo sezinhlobo ezidumile zeNandrin F1 phakathi kwabalimi.
Izazi zezinto eziphilayo ziye zashintsha izihlobo ezihlukene zabazali, ziwela ngezinye izinhlobo, zithuthukisa ikhwalithi yayo futhi zandisa ukumelana kweziqongo ezifweni. I-hybrid ephumela kudla kahle kakhulu. Liyasetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni nasekulungiseleleni amaju wezingane nokudla.
Ukuhlukahluka kweBaltimore F1 - isixube esizukulwaneni sokuqala. Imbewu etholakalayo kuyo (isizukulwane sesibili) izonikeza isivuno esincane se-izaqathe. Ngakho-ke, imbewu kufanele ithengwe kumkhiqizi.
Uyini umehluko kwezinye izinhlobo?
- Ukuvuthwa okusheshayo.
- Izitshalo zomsuka zide futhi zikhulu.
- Ukuphikiswa okuningi kwezifo eziningi nezinambuzane.
- Kufanelekile ukuhlanza ugandaganda.
- Ikhule njengomkhuba wokugcina isikhathi eside.
- Ezihlukahlukene ezikhiqizayo kakhulu.
- Umgogodla wakho.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
- Ukwandisa ubumnandi kanye ne-juiciness yezithelo, isikhumba sabo esincane.
- Zine-shape cylindrical nombala okhanyayo we-orange.
- Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-carotene compounds.
- Ukuvuthwa okufutshane.
- Imisebenzi yokujwayela okuphezulu.
- Ukuphikiswa kokuhamba kwesikhathi eside nokugcina isitoreji
Ukukhula
Izinhlobo ze-carrot i-Baltimore F1 etshalwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngaphambi kobusika. Imbewu yokutshala ikhetha inhlabathi evulekile neyongcolisiwe. Inhlabathi elula ngokungeza isihlabathi, i-peat noma i-sawdust. Ukufika kufanele kukhanyiswe. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu, imibhede ka-20-25 cm ukuphakama kwenziwa, njengokuthi ububanzi bomhlabathi ungaphansi kobude bezitshalo zezimpande.
Imbewu yalezi zinhlobonhlobo itshalwe emigqeni engu-20 cm ngaphandle komunye nomunye. Ukujula kwe-groove yi-2-3 cm, ibanga eliphakathi kwembewu li-4 cm. Inhlabathi idinga ukukhululeka njalo.
Phuma izikhathi ezimbili:
- 2 amasonto emva kokuvela;
- ke ezinye izinsuku ezingu-10.
Ukuhlukahluka kwe-Baltimore F1 akudingi ukondla okweziwe ngesikhathi sokukhula.
Ukuqoqwa nokugcina
- Ngaphambi kokuqoqa izitshalo ezivuthiwe ezivuthiwe isayithi liyanisela. Ukufudumala inhlabathi kusiza ukukhipha izaqathe phezulu. Isici se-Baltimore F1 sinobuciko obuphezulu, phezulu, nokuvuna kwenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile.
- Khulisa izaqathe zomile izinsuku eziningana, bese zihlungwa. Imifino ewonakele ivunwa ukugwema ukutheleleka okulandelayo kweminye imifino yezimpande. Iziphakamiso zisusiwe ngokuphelele.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo - izaqathe zidluliselwa egumbini lapho izinga lokushisa ligcinwa khona ukusuka ku- -2 kuya ku -2 degrees futhi umswakama womoya u-90-95%.
Izifo nezinambuzane
- Ukubola okumile - i-mycosis, lapho ingxenye yokuqala yezingxenye zendiza ithintekile, futhi kamuva, izimpande.
- Ukubola okumhlophe - kuthinta impande.
- Grey ukubola - Isifo esingumkhuhlane olimaza izaqathe.
- I-carrot ihamba Ukumnika igalikhi noma anyanisi ukulwa kahle nalo.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo nezixazululo
Ukulima okungalungile kwama-izaqathe kuholela ekuguleni nasekufeni kwesitshalo sonke.
Ukuze uvimbele ukubukeka kokubola emifinini yemifino, kufanele uhambisane nemithetho elandelayo:
- ayikwazi ukutshala endaweni ebandayo nasemanzini;
- ukutshala ngokwanele;
- ukuvunwa kwezulu;
- Ungavumeli umswakama ophezulu kusitoreji.
Ezindaweni lapho izithelo zanqante zathinteka khona yi-mycosis, ngonyaka ozayo, ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlamvu ze-mycotic:
- enze ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu;
- ukuxosha umhlaba;
- gcina izinyathelo ze-agrotechnical zokushintsha i-acreage;
- isikhathi sokutshala izitshalo;
- gwema izithako ze-nitrogen;
- ngehora lokuqoqwa kwezimpande izitshalo, inqubo izaqathe Bordeaux.
Izinhlobo ezifanayo
Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinqathe, ezifana neBaltimore F1. Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo:
- I-Artek.
- Ukukhansela.
- I-Nandrin F1.
- I-Napoli F1.
- Nelly F1.
- Lydia F1.
- Belle.
- I-Tushon ne-Chocolate Bunny.
Zonke lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula ngokushesha. Umbala wempande u-red-orange, ukuma kwesithelo kuyinto cylindrical nge ukuphela ohlangene. Umgogodla uphansi, i-pulp iyamanzi, iziqongo ziqinile. Izinhlobo zingamelana nokuqhekeka.
Izinhlobonhlobo zeBaltimore azizithobeki, zinikeza isivuno esikhulu ngesikhathi esifushane, esifanele ukugcina isitoreji eside. Kunesidingo esikhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Ama-carrots ekhwalithi aphezulu aphakamisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuzalanisa i-Dutch Baltimore F1 - enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu.
