Amagilebhisi awusizo kakhulu ngoba aqukethe amavithamini, amaminerali, izinto ezi-antioxidant.
Ungathuli, futhi mayelana nokudla kwabo.
Amagilebhisi azogxila kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi, futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Yingakho kuthanda ukukhula.
Kodwa, ngokusebenza, kunemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwalesi sitshalo, futhi okuvame kakhulu ukuguqulwa kwamagilebhisi, okwenziwe ngenkathi yokuwa.
Amagama ambalwa mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izihlahla ezikwazi ukutshala
Ngakho-ke, yimiphi imivini engasetshenziswa kabusha. Kodwa yiziphi izihlahla ezincane noma namanje ezindala?
Uhlelo lwempande olukhula lukhuni ukumba emivini emisha, futhi kukhona ingozi yokulimaza izimpande. Njengoba zibuyekezwa kancane kancane, izitshalo ngokwazo ziqhamuka endaweni entsha isikhathi eside.
Ngenxa yokungalingani kwengxenye engenhla engaphansi komhlaba kanye nesimiso sezintambo, kuningi ukuhlukumeza kwe-fruiting.
Kungcono ukutshala izihlahla ezincane, cishe eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ubudala.
Kodwa-ke, amahlumela amagilebhisi awacebisi ukutshala, ngoba kukhona ingozi yokuletha i-phylloxera. Noma yikuphi, ngisho nokubalulekile, ukungenelela ekuthuthukiseni isihlahla somvini kubonakala kubuhlungu. Kodwa, uma kunjalo, wanquma ukufakelwa amagilebhisi endaweni entsha, kudingeka ukhethe ngokucophelela indawo nesikhathi.
Kungani bewa? Uzocabangela Izinzuzo ze-Transplant Autumn amagilebhisi:
- Ekwindla, kulula kakhulu ukuthola izinhlobo ezidingekayo zokufakelwa kabusha, ngoba abavinini bewayini baqeda ukumba kwabo futhi kuzoba nezinhlobonhlobo zezithombo ezintsha;
- Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi ihlanzekile kahle; ukuchelela kulula;
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, emazweni angasenyakatho, inhlabathi ngeke ibambezele ekujuleni lapho izimpande zitholakala khona, okuzokwenza amagilebhisi akhule izimpande ezintsha ebusika. Futhi, umvini ushintshwe entwasahlobo eningizimu, engakafiki isikhathi sokuqina, uzobhekana nokushisa. Ukutshala kwe-autumn akufaki lokhu.
Indlela yokulungisa isihlahla esikhulile sokufakelwa
Ukulungiselela izihlahla zamagilebhisi kuqala ngokuqoqwa kwamathuluzi nezinto ezidingekayo. Lezi amafosholo, i-pruner, ubumba, umanyolo kanye namanyolo (potashi usawoti, humus ne-superphosphate).
Ukudluliselwa kwakudingeka kahle:
- Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezimpande zamagilebhisi, izithende kanye nomhlabathi ongaphansi komhlaba.
- Ama-Secateurs anquma umvini cishe 20 cm ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, shiya amahlumela amancane, asuse isikhathi eside. Zingabuyekezwa futhi zenziwe.
- Esesisekelo, embuthanweni, ugobe ngokucophelela isihlahla, uzama ukulimaza izimpande ezinamagilebhisi. Khona-ke, ukucabangela ngokucophelela ngefosholo, uphonsa izimpande uphinde ususe umhlaba kanye nezimpande ebusweni bomhlaba.
- Gcwalisa izimpande zamagilebhisi kuhlanganiswe ngobumbano obunobumba, ukwenza lokhu, hlanganisa amafosholo amabili omquba nomfutho owodwa wobumba, bese uhlanganisa yonke into ngamanzi. Le ngxube, ngobuningi, kufanele ifane ne-ukhilimu omuncu. Gcwalisa izimpande zomvini kulo mzuzu embalwa, isuse, bese uyibeka phansi.
Ukulungiselela umgodi wokutshala
Umgodi wokufika lapho izithelo zomvini zizofakwa khona, ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili, okungenani inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokutshala okuhleliwe. Inhlabathi emgodini kufanele ihlale kancane, lokhu kuzogwema ukungena okujulile.
Ngenxa yokuthi inhlabathi izolungiswa kanjani, kuncike ekutheni isitshalo sizosetshenziswa kanjani ngokushesha endaweni entsha. Ngokufakelwa kwamagilebhisi ekwindla, udala ama-horizons ezondlovu ezizohlinzeka ngezinqubo ezintsha zezimpande zezitshalo ezitshalwe kabusha.
Ukuze uthole imiphumela oyifunayo, ukukhululeka okujulile, ukuchelela okuningi nokukhulelwa kwenziwa ngaphansi komgodi.
- Iqembu ngalinye lamagilebhisi lihlezi eceleni, okungenani amamitha amabili kude. Umgodi wokuhlalisa umvuno ngamunye wezithelo wamagilebhisi ulungiselelwe ngokwehlukana, ubukhulu be-50x50 cm, ukujula kusuka ku-65 kuya ku-100 cm. Amakhemikhali afakwa emigodini, okumele ixubane nomhlabathi.
- Kusukela kumagilebhisi okugubha, ukulinganisa umthamo wezingenhla ezingaphezulu nangaphansi komhlaba, amahlumela athile. Emagilebhisi, ngesimiso esihle, shiya imikhono emi-3 ibe namafomathi aphindaphindiwe amabili efihlekile ngamunye. Lapho izimpande ezonakalisiwe zisuswe ngaphezulu kwezihlahla. Kuhlelo oluyisisekelo lubekwa ngokujulile, susa izimpande zamazolo.
Ukutshala umhlaba, i-ammonium sulphate, i-superphosphate, i-humus ne-wood ash ithuliswa emgodini wokutshala; usawoti we-potassium inganezelwa esikhundleni salokho. Wonke ama-fertilizer athathwe ahlanganiswa kahle nezwe, ngenxa yalokho okumele kuthunyelwe ku-chernozem entsha.
Ukujula izimbiza akufanele zibe ngaphansi 65 cm, futhi kangcono kunamitha ayi-1ke zonke izimpande zamagilebhisi zizohlala kahle.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlwanyela amagilebhisi akhiwe.
Isibonda esincane senziwa ku-fossa. Ngenkathi bephethe isihlahla, bagcwalisa umgodi ngomhlaba ezimpandeni, badinga ukuba bahlelwe phansi. Umhlaba uhlanganiswe. Isihlahla ngasinye somvini siphuziswa kakhulu.. Ngemuva kwamanzi, gcwalisa umhlabathi bese uphuza. Zigcwele umhlaba ukuze kube nezinhlobo zamahlumela ezineziqu ezine.
- Intaba ephuma kufanele ibe ngamasentimitha angu-8 phezulu.
- Amagilebhisi atshalwa utshani adingeka ukuphuziswa kanye ngesonto, izinga kufanele lifinyelele ezingxenyeni zesithende.
- Abalimi bezitshalo batusa ukufaka ibhali yebhali yebhali endaweni yempande yokuphila okungcono.
- Umquba omuncu onamakhemikhali ensimbi usetshenziselwa inhlabathi, okungenayo insimbi encane, nezipikili ezinompheme noma amathini angasitshelwa emhlabathini, ahlume kahle ngomlilo ovulekile.
- Ukushiswa kwamagilebhisi okutshalwe emagqumeni ekwindla awukwenzi.
- Ngonyaka wokuqala emva kokufakelwa kabusha, wonke ama-inflorescences asuswe, futhi ngonyaka wesibili - okwesithathu, okuvumela isihlahla ukuthi siphume ngokushesha.
Amagilebhisi ashintshwe ngezindlela eziningana. Indlela yokutshala isihlahla nge-clod yomhlaba ibe emgodini omkhulu isetshenziselwa izihlahla ezincane ezineminyaka engama-1-3. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufika amagilebhisi angabi amanzifuthi izimpande zizobamba ndawonye.
Phindela amahlumela amagilebhisi anganconywa endaweni efanayo. Uma kungenjalo, umgodi omdala uzodinga ukushintsha umhlaba, okusho ukuthi udinga ukubuyekezwa.
Isihlahla semagilebhisi esinomsoco womhlaba isetshenziswe ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- Amagilebhisi anqunywe, udinga ukushiya imikhono emibili kuphela.
- Ngemikhono ngayinye kufanele ishiyelwe amahlumela amabili.
- Bese ubamba ngobumnene ehlathini.
- Sika izimpande ezingezansi.
- Lesi sitshalo sifakwa emgodini wokutshala olungiselelwe u-10 cm ngaphansi kwezinga langaphambilini.
- Bese bathela umhlaba emgodini bese bathululela amabhakede amabili amanzi.
Ukufika amagilebhisi anezimpande ezingenalutho kwenzeka cishe kule oda:
- Umvini ugawulwa, ushiya imikhono emibili kuya kwezingu-4 kuphela.
- Emikhondeni inqume konke. Amahlumela amabili kuphela aneziqu ezintathu ezisele.
- Uma ukumba ehlathini zama ukulimaza izimpande ezingaphansi komhlaba.
- Izimpande zitholakala ngezansi - susa.
- Amagilebhisi ashintshelwe emgodini olungiselelwe, ejulile 20 cm ngaphansi kwezinga langaphambilini.
- Khona-ke umgodi ugcwele umhlaba, lesi sitshalo sinisela ngamabhakede amabili amanzi.
Uma zonke izincomo zilandelwa, amagilebhisi azokwazi ukuphumula ngonyaka ozayo ngemuva kokutshala, kepha sizoqala ukujabulela izithelo kuphela ngonyaka wesibili.
Lapho ukufakelwa kabusha amagilebhisi ngaphandle komhlaba Kuyafaneleka ukunamathela kulezi zincomo ezilandelayo:
- Hlola izimpande ngokucophelela, engxenyeni engenhla engaphansi kwemikhono emibili yesokunxele, nangemikhono emihlumela emibili.
- Izimpande ezonakalisiwe zisuswe futhi ziqedwe lezo zimpande ezikhula ngokujula kwama-20 cm. Izigaba ezinqunywe ziphathwa ngotshani nobumba.
- Ngaphansi kwegodini yisigungqwana esincane, faka isihlahla kuso ukuze izimpande ezingezansi zivumelane nenyakatho nxazonke. Khona-ke umgodi ugcwele, uhlanganiswe futhi unisela. Gweba inhlabathi ngamahlamvu awile.
- Amagilebhisi atshwetshiwe adinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika. Ehlobo elilandelayo, ususe zonke izifo ezihamba phambili, ungavumeli izithelo, umvini awukwenziwe.
Kungcono ukufakelwa amagilebhisi ekwindla ngezinye izikhathi, lapho wonke amaqabunga ewela, kodwa kufanele ube nesikhathi ngaphambi kwamaqhwa kuqala, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lubucayi kakhulu futhi umonakalo uzwela.
Ungakhohlwa ngokuphuza isihlahla ukuze kutholakale izimpande kahle endaweni entsha. Ukwenza lokhu kudinga isikhathi esisodwa seviki elilodwa noma amabili ukuze amanzi athole izimpande zesitshalo.