Ukulondoloza ubuhle ekhaya: yiziphi izifo zamaqabunga e-gloxinia futhi ukwelashwa kwazo kwenziwa kanjani?

Yonke uhlu lwezifo ze-gloxinia ezibalwe ngezansi kufanele zitholwe futhi ziqale ukulwa ngesikhathi.

Ukuze ukhule i-gloxinia, kubalulekile ukuba ujwayele izifo ezingase zivele ekukhuleni lesi sitshalo.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko yizinambuzane nezifo lapho i-gloxinia iveza khona. Kulesi sihloko sizobheka ngokucophelela izinhlobo zezifo zezitshalo nezindlela zokulwa nazo. Futhi yiziphi izinyathelo okudingeka zithathwe ukuze kuvikelwe izifo ze-gloxinia, futhi yiziphi izimo zokutshala imbali enempilo.

Isakhiwo nezici

Amaqabunga e-gloxinia amancane kakhulu, angaba ngamasentimitha angama-20, i-oval, eluhlaza obumnyama, i-velvety. Bakha i-rosette esihlahleni esincane esiphansi. Ngoluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isikhundla esivamile samaqabunga siphezulu. Ngezinye izikhathi kunezinhlayiya zesiliva emaqabunga. Ingaphansi kwekhasi elibomvu noma eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Ngefomu kufana nenhliziyo evulekile, enesibindi. Ubukhulu babo buncane, kanti ubuso buyi-fleecy. Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo avulekile, kodwa akhomba endle. Kanye nezimbali ezinhle kakhulu inyunyana enhle futhi ethakazelisayo itholakala.

Izinhlobo zezifo nezithombe zabo

Izindawo ezimnyama

Ukubonakala kwamabala asundu ku-gloxinia kuboniswa izifo ezifana ne-anthracnose noma i-ascochitis.

I-Anthracnose

Isifo se-fungal, izibonakaliso zazo ezingabonakala kuphela lapho kunezindawo ezimnyama phezu kwamaqabunga. Kancane kancane, baqala ukuhlasela amahlumela kanye nesiqu sesitshalo sonke, okuholela ekuboleni nasekufeni kwabo. Izimbangela ze-fracture ekulimazeni kwe-gloxinia noma nokuba khona kokunakekelwa okungafanele.

Qaphela! I-fungus enjalo idluliselwa ngosizo lwezinambuzane, imishini noma izidumbu. Ukuqeda ukusakazeka kwesifo kwezinye izitshalo, kufanele baphathwe nge-fungicide 3-4 izikhathi ngezikhathi eziningana zamasonto amaningana.

Ukuvimbela: kuyadingeka ukuthi uphefute ngezidakamizwa: i-oxy, i-cuproxate, i-oxychloride yethusi. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi, kufanele ngokushesha akhulelwe i-disinfected ukuze avimbele ukungcola okwengeziwe.

I-Ascohitosis

Isifo se-fungal, izibonakaliso zazo ezingabonakala kuphela uma kunamabala abomvu noma ama-brown ane-brown edging emaqabunga. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi sifo ngumswakama ophezulu ekamelweni.

Ukuze ulondoloze i-gloxinia kusuka ku-ascohyte, udinga:

1. Susa masinyane amaqabunga abathintekayo.
2. Khona-ke kudingekile ukuthi uphefise i-Syningium ne-Bordeaux ingxube, i-copper sulfate noma ama-fungicides anjalo: i-Vectra, i-Abigapik.
3. Ngemva kwesonto, phinda inqubo.

Wither

Amaqabunga e-gloxinia abuna lapho isifo sesitshalo njenge-fusarium sitholakala. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi kanye nomswakama ophezulu wesitshalo lesi sifo singakhula.

Kubalulekile! I-Fusarium - isifo sofungali esingena embali nge-substrate enegciwane. Amaqabunga kancane kancane aqala ukwakha, aphephe futhi athole umthunzi omnyama obomvu.

1. Ukulwa nalesi sifo, i-gloxinia kufanele isuswe ebhodweni futhi ikhululwe emhlabathini.
2. Bese uphatha nge-fungicides: i-Topaz ne-Foodnazole.
3. Futhi ekugcineni umuthi kufanele utshalwe enhlabathini entsha.

Kungani i-curl?

Cabanga ukuthi kungani amaqabunga ejikeleza i-gloxinia. Lokhu kungenxa yesistimu yokunisela engalungile. Uma lesi sitshalo sithola amanzi amaningi, amaqabunga awo aqala ukugoqa ngesimo okuthiwa i-spoon. Indlela yokulwa nalesi sifo ingaba ukusungulwa kokunisela. Ngaphambi kokunisela okulandelayo, ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi kufanele lume. Okunye okunye Isizathu sokuthi amaqabunga aqhamukayo angenele umoya omswakama noma izinga eliphezulu lokushisa. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukufaka umkhumbi ngobumba obunwetshiwe obuswe eduze kwebhodlela bese unciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya.

Vula okuphuzi

Chlorosis

Izifo ezivela e-acidity ephansi yenhlabathi, okuwumphumela wokuphuza isitshalo ngamanzi anzima kakhulu (yikuphi uhlobo lomhlabathi oludingekayo ku-gloxinia?). Ukunqunywa kwesifo yizibonakaliso zangaphandle kungase kube amabala aphuzi kumaqabunga e-gloxinia.

Amakhowe amakhulu

Uma kwenzeka ukubunjwa kwamabhulabhaka emibala ehlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwepheshana le-gloxinia, kungenzeka ukukhuluma ngokunembile ngalesi sifo sesitshalo. Isizathu sokubukeka kwayo angeke sikwanele ngokwanele, okuqukethwe ekamelweni elimanzi elibandayo (mayelana nezici zokukhula kwe-gloxinia nokuzinakekela, funda lapha). Ukuze silwe nalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukususa zonke izingxenye ezimele zembali nokuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa kwekhwalithi ye "Tropican". Ukuze kuvikelwe kufanele kube sishaye isibabule se-colloidal.

Mnyama

Isibangela salesi sifo singase sibe ukubonakala kwesikhunta esivu. I-agent causative ye-parasite emnyama ingaba umswakama owandayo womhlaba ebhodweni.

Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezitshalo kudinga:

1. Susa isihlahla bese uhlola ngokucophelela.
2. Uma kukhona izingxenye ezilimazayo zezinto ze-tuber nezakhi ezingaphezulu, bese ususe.
3. Phatha izingxenye ezisele ezinempilo nge-Topaz noma i-Learnzole.
4. Khona-ke, isitshalo esilungisiwe kufanele sitshalwe endaweni entsha (ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokutshala i-gloxinia nokulima kwayo, funda lapha).

Amachashazi ama Brown

Izindawo ezomile ezinomdaka ezinomdaka zingase zenzeke ngenxa yokubola kwempunga. Ukwelapha isifo esinjalo kungaba kanje: unqume izindawo ezithathelwanayo ze-gloxinia futhi uphathe isitshalo sonke nge-fungicide. Esinye isizathu sokubonakala kwezinto ezinjalo kungase kube nokushisa kwelanga, okwenzeka emaqabunga asitshalo uma kungaphansi kwemisebe yelanga. Ama-brown specks nawo awakhiwa emaqabunga uma amanzi eqavile ewela kuwo.

Kudingekile ukuphuza imbali ngokucophelela, eceleni komphetho webhodlela. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zikhombisa nezifo zezitshalo ezifana ne-thrips, ezishiya izindawo ezinsundu ngesimo semifino emihle. Ukuze uphulukise isitshalo kusuka ku-thrips, unga: ukuchelela uphinde uchithe nge-Actellic, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10, uphinde wenze inqubo, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3.

Yomisa

Uma amaqabunga e-gloxinia eseqalile ukuma, ikakhulukazi aphansi, ngakho-ke izinto ezinjengokungapheli komoya umswakama noma izikhukhula ngamanzi zingaba izimbangela. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphathe ukwelashwa nge-Fungicide noma i-Fitosporin.

Yini okufanele uyenze ngokuvimbela?

Ngokuhlelekile ukuze kuvinjelwe izilonda ezihlukahlukene zamaqabunga e-gloxinia, kuhlale kudingekile ukuba kwenziwe i-prophylaxis.

• Okokuqala, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi, lapho kudingekile ukuba isitshalo ngokwaso. Kulesi simo, ngeke kube khona ukuma kanye nezindawo zomhlabathi.
• Okwesibili, ungafaki isitshalo lapho imibala ekhanyayo ilanga iwela khona.
• Okwesithathu, ngaphambi kokutshala izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-Gloxinia emhlabathini, kufanele zenziwe kuqala.
• Futhi, okwesine, kubalulekile ukuqapha umswakama ekamelweni lapho kutholakala khona imbali.

Izimo ezidingekayo zokukhula kahle

Ukuze ukhule kahle, i-syngingy kumele ihambisane nale mibandela elandelayo:

1. Izimbiza nge-gloxinia akufanele zisondele kakhulu komunye nomunye.

   Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimbali azithinti amaqabunga. Uma kungekho isikhala esanele, imbali ingahle isule.

2. Inhlabathi elula futhi enobungozi, ukukhulelwa okufika ngesikhathi enhlabathini.

   Kungcono ukukhetha inhlabathi kwisizinda se-peat. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi eziningana ngenyanga, kodwa mhlawumbe okungaphezu kwezintathu (mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa kahle amanzi nokudla i-gloxinia, funda izinto zethu). I-potassium monophosphate noma i-Fertica Lux kufanele isetshenziswe.

3. I-lokushisa kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwama-18-25 degrees.

   Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gloxinia kuyomisa, futhi uma sekuphakeme, ngokuphambene, izimbali zivulekile kabi, lesi sitshalo silahlekelwa yi-turgor yamaqabunga (ungathola ukuthi kungani kungabulali, okomile, ukubola nokufihleka).

4. Ukukhanyisa okuhle okumele kusakazwe futhi kukhanye.

   Kubalulekile ukubeka isitshalo kwi-window sill, ngakho kuya empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Usuku kufanele lugcine amahora angu-12-14.

5. Ukufudumala kwenhlabathi ngesikhathi.

   Phakathi kokunisela, ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi kufanele libe nesikhathi sokuma kancane. Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe nge-pan noma emaphethelweni ebhodweni. Ungasebenzisa amanzi kuphela ekamelweni lokushisa. Ngemuva kokukhipha amanzi, amanzi adingekayo kufanele ahambe emigodini ebhodweni (ungathola ukuthi yiyiphi imbiza edingekayo ku-gloxinia lapha).

Isiphetho

Uhlu lwezifo ezingenhla, ezitholakala ku-gloxinia, aluphelele. Kulesi simo, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukufa kwesitshalo, kubalulekile ukuthola lesi sifo ngesikhathi bese uqala ukulwa nokulwa nalo. Uma zonke izinyathelo zokuvimbela kanye nokulwa nalesi sifo azikwenziwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungenzeka ukuthi ulahlekelwa yile sitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi nalabo abazungezile. Indlela engcono kakhulu kulokhu ukuhlinzekela izimo ezifanele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gloxinia, futhi ngesikhathi esifanele ukuvimbela izifo ezingenzeka.