INastya iyinhlobo yamagilebhisi ehlukile: izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha zivela njalo ngonyaka, futhi yena, ongowokuzalwa eSoviet Union, usephakathi kwezinhlobo eziyishumi zamagilebhisi ezihamba phambili. Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwayo okuyi-dessert nokuvumelanayo ezimeni ezikhulayo, uNastya uthatha indawo efanelekile ezingadini ze-amateur nasezivinini zamapulazi amakhulu.
Umlando wokukhula kwamagilebhisi uNastya
Okungenani iqiniso lokuthi liyaziwa futhi likhule ngamanani amakhulu ngisho nasezweni "lamagilebhisi" kakhulu - iFrance, enezakhamizi zayo ezazi okuningi ngezinhlobo zamagilebhisi, ikhuluma ngokuthandwa kwezinhlobonhlobo. Uhlobo lwe-hybrid lamagilebhisi uNastya (igama lesibili yi-Arcadia) lavela emuva ezinsukwini ze-USSR futhi lisesephakathi kwabathandekayo kakhulu endimeni yawo wonke amaRiphabhulikhi ayeyingxenye yalo.
UNastya wavunyelwa ngumfuyi womfuyi u-E.N. Dokuchaeva eV.E. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking (Odessa) ngokuwela izinhlobo zamagilebhisi zaseKhadinali naseMoldova. Womabili "okhokho" bakhe izinhlobo zamatafula. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zamagilebhisi ezihlanganisiwe zazakhiwa ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo, kodwa iNastya ingenye ehamba phambili kulolu hlu, edume kunazo zonke.
Ikhadinali - ongomunye wabazali bakaNastya - akafani nhlobo naye
Ngemizamo ka-E. N. Dokuchaeva owazalwa ngonyaka we-1926 edolobheni laseMichurinsk esifundeni iTambov, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-60 zamagilebhisi zabiwa nabasebenzi balesi Sikhungo, iningi lazo lifakiwe kwiRejista Yezinhlobonhlobo zeSimanje se-Ukraine noma elinamalungelo obunikazi. Futhi lo mkhulisi wanikezwa imiklomelo ephezulu yaseSoviet - ama-Orders of Friendship of Peoples, iBheji Lodumo, iRed Banner of Labour.
Kuyajabulisa ukubona ukuthi "abazali" bakaNastya bayizinhlobo ezimnyama. Kepha indodakazi yabo iyinhlobonhlobo enezithelo ezimhlophe. Le yimimangaliso yofuzo.
Incazelo yebanga
INastya iyinhlobonhlobo yamagilebhisi yokuqala, efanelekile kubagcini bamarekhodi ukukhiqiza. Amajikijolo ayaziwa ngokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, kanti izinhlobonhlobo ngokwazo azithobeki kulimo, zimelana neqhwa impela.
Amabhasi, ngokuya ngesifunda kanye nezimo ezikhulayo, akhula kusuka ezitshalweni eziphakathi kuya ezinde. Ingxenye yamahlumela lapho amajikijolo akhula khona afinyelela ku-75% yenani lawo eliphelele. Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezijwayelekile, amahlumela anesikhathi sokuvuthwa ehlobo cishe lonke ubude. Ubude bude kakhulu, okufanele bubhekwe lapho kutshalwa. Okungcono kakhulu ukucindezela amahlumela amade kakhulu ngombala oluhlaza, lapho nje efika kubude bamamitha ayi-1.5-2. INastya inamapuleti amaqabunga anezinhlamvu ezinhlanu, kancane kancane ngaphansi.
INastya inamabhishi amakhulu, futhi kukhona amajikijolo amaningi phezu kwayo
Izinhlobonhlobo zimelana nokuqandelwa yiqhwa, okuvumela ukuthi ikhule kokubili eningizimu nasendaweni ephakathi neRussia. Kepha emgqeni ophakathi nendawo kudinga indawo yokuhlala elula ebusika, ngoba ingamelana neqhwa kuphela kuya ku-22 mayelanaC, futhi kuncike kubuchwepheshe bezolimo obungenakulinganiswa - ama-degree ambalwa kuphela. Ine-ukumelana okuhle kwezifo ezahlukahlukene, kepha idinga ukufafazwa kokuvimbela, emva kwalokho icishe ithintwe yi-isikhutha ne-oidium.
INastya idume ngomkhiqizo wayo ophakeme kakhulu, futhi uma umthwalo ungalinganiswanga, wonke amajikijolo ane nesikhathi sokukhula, kepha lokhu akukuhle kakhulu: lesi simo sisithinta kabi isimo sesitshalo.
Igcwala kakhulu ngesivuno, imivini ayivuthi ekwindla futhi ngenxa yalokho ifa cishe lonke ubude, okuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwesivuno esiphelele sonyaka olandelayo. Kodwa ngisho nengxenye yomoya elahlekile ngokuphelele yamabhasi, ngokuya ngobuqotho bohlelo lwempande, ibuyiselwa ngokushesha.
Izinhlobonhlobo ziqala, kepha hhayi super ekuqaleni: kusukela ekuvukeni kwamahlamvu kuya ekuvuneni, kuthatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-120, kanti emgqeni ophakathi nendawo isivuno esikhulu samajikijolo senzeka ngoSepthemba. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu, amajikijolo okuqala avuthwa maphakathi no-Agasti. Iqoqo leNastya likhulu kakhulu, lihlala lilingana ngesimo, kepha ama-cylindrical typimens nawo angatholakala. Isakhiwo samaqoqo omphakathi omaphakathi: ungawathola womabili amajikijolo agcwele kahle, futhi athambile, hhayi amakhulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ama-bunchi ambalwa anesisindo esingaphansi kwe-500 g. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, isisindo esilinganiselwe cishe singama-900 g, kepha ama-bunches anesisindo esingama-kilogremu amabili, noma amakhilogremu amathathu, kuvame ukukhula.
Izimbali zikaNastya zinezezimbali ezimbili, ngakho-ke angakhula futhi athele izithelo ngokwahlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zamagilebhisi: impova engaphandle ayidingeki, futhi izimbali zakhe zihanjiswa impova cishe nge-100%. Ngokuphambene nalokho, iNastya ingumvikeli ofanele wezinye izinhlobo.
Amajikijolo kwesinye isikhathi ayindilinga, kepha cishe njalo akhula ngandlela-thile futhi adonsa kakhulu. Ububanzi bamajikijolo buvela ku-25 mm nangaphezulu, kufinyelela kuma-35 mm, isisindo sisuka ku-8 kuye ku-15 g. Isipuni sinamanzi, sinomuncu kakhulu, isikhumba sinciphile, singabonakali. Esimweni sokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, anombala ophuzi, futhi lapho esevuthiwe ngokuphelele, aphenduka abe-amber-ophuzi, embozwe ngopende omhlophe we-waxy. Ukunambitheka kwamajikijolo kuhle kakhulu. Okuqukethwe ama-asidi noshukela kulunge kakhulu kukho, kukuvumela ukuthi udle inani elikhulu lazo. Okuqukethwe ushukela akwedluli ku-16%, kanti i-acidity ephelele ingu-5-6 g / l. Ngakho-ke, kulabo bantu abesabayo ukuthi bangcono, lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo zamagilebhisi ezifanele kunazo zonke. Uma kudliwa, kuvakala iphunga le-muscat elibonakalayo.
Amajikijolo kaNastya anombala oguquguqukayo ngokuya ngenkathi nokukhanya
Ngokuqondene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali amajikijolo, i-Nastya ukuhlukahluka kuhloselwe ukusetshenziswa okusha. Yebo, futhi kuyisihawu ukuyiyeka iqhubeke iphinde isebenze! Ngasikhathi sinye, akulula ngomndeni owodwa ukubhekana nokuvuna okukhulu. Impilo ye-Shelf yamajikijolo ilungile, i-transportability nayo inesithunzi, kepha kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungalanda kuze kufike kuma-40 kg, noma amajikijolo ngisho nangaphezulu. Esiqandisini cishe ngo-0 mayelanaNjengoba zigcinwa kuze kube izinyanga ezintathu, kepha iziqandisi zasekhaya zincanyane kakhulu ngosayizi.
Kuliqiniso, ungathambisa ijusi, upheke ama-compotes, womise omisiwe. Kepha iNastya ayilungele ngokuphelele ukwenza iwayini. Vele, ujusi uvutshelwa ngokujwayelekile, kepha ukunambitheka komkhiqizo okuphumela kungamaphakathi kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kwehluka kwetafula kudume kakhulu phakathi kwabahlali basehlobo kanye nabalimi abahlanganyela ekutshalweni kwamagilebhisi ngezinjongo zokuhweba.
Ividiyo: INastya (Arcadia) emithini
Izici zezinhlobo zamagilebhisi uNastya
Njengoba sesihlolile incazelo yamagilebhisi uNastya, sizozama ukumnika incazelo ejwayelekile. Vele, nganoma yisiphi isibonakaliso, ungathola izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu nezimbi kakhulu, kepha ngobuningi bezimpawu, lokhu okuhlukahlukene kungenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kukhona amagilebhisi okuvuthwa kwangaphambilini, ngamajikijolo amakhulu. Kunamajikijolo anokuqukethwe okunoshukela omningi, impilo yeshalofu ende. Kunezihlahla, ezingatheleleki kalula ezifweni futhi ezingamelana neqhwa ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa azikho izinhlobo ezifanele, futhi cishe ngeke ziphinde zibe njalo. Futhi kwizakhiwo zabathengi baseNastya zilunge kakhulu, okuvumela ukukuncoma ukuthi kukhule kuwo wonke umhlali wasehlobo noma umlimi.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezingenakuchazeka zeNastya zifaka:
- ukunambitheka okuhle kwamajikijolo;
- ukubukeka okukhangayo, kufaka phakathi ukwakheka nombala;
- usayizi wamajikijolo kanye nama-bunchi jikelele;
- ukulondolozwa okuhle kwesitshalo;
- ukuthutha okuphezulu;
- ukuvuthwa kokuqala kwamajikijolo;
- ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kakhulu (kuze kufike ku-40 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye);
- i-bacillus yezimbali, engadingi ukutshala izihlahla eziseduze komunye umhlobo wamagilebhisi, osebenza njenge-pollinator;
- ukumelana nesithwathwa esiphakeme, okuvumela ngisho nomgwaqo ophakathi nobusika ubusika ngaphansi kokukhoseliswa ukukhanya;
- ukukhululeka kokusakazwa ngemisiko;
- ukukhululeka kalula
- ukumelana nethamba.
Njenganoma imaphi amagilebhisi, nayo inezinkinga, futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu:
- ukuthambekela kokugula nge-grey bola ne-oidium ngaphandle kwemithi ekhethekile;
- ukuqhekeka kwamajikijolo ngesikhathi sokugcotshwa kwenhlabathi ngamanzi.
Mhlawumbe, uNastya akanabo abanye amaphutha amakhulu. Izinhlobonhlobo, ngokwezinkomba eziningi, zinesikhundla esiphambili phakathi kwezinhlobo zamagilebhisi zokuvuthwa kokuqala. Futhi izinzuzo ezixoxwe ngenhla zenza ukuthi ukutshalwa kwaso kubize kakhulu.
Izici zokutshala nezilimo ezikhulayo
Ngisho nezakhamizi zasehlobo ze-novice zingatshala iNastya endaweni yazo, ngoba ukunakekela leligilebhisi kulula kakhulu. Imithetho yokutshala, noma izimiso eziyisisekelo zokunakekelwa ayifani nalena esezintweni zethebula.
Njengawo wonke amagilebhisi, uNastya uthanda izindawo ezinelanga ezivikelwe yimimoya ebandayo. Kungcono ukuthi izindonga zendlu noma uthango oluphezulu olungenalutho luvikele izihlahla ohlangothini olusenyakatho. Akuyona inkinga ukuthenga isithamo se-Nastya, kepha akudingeki ukuthi ukwenze lokhu "eceleni", kepha kubathengisi okungenani abanemibhalo yezimpahla. Kepha iNastya isakazeka kalula ngokusikwa, ukusinda kwayo okungamaphesenti ayikhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola ukhula, ungazikhulisa. Lapho ukhetha isithombo, into esemqoka ukuthi inezimpande ezinempilo. Masinyane ngaphambi kokutshala, isithombo kufanele sifakwe emanzini usuku, sinqume kancane izeluleko zezimpande ukuze zigcwele umswakama. Ungatshala amagilebhisi ekwindla, kepha kungcono entwasahlobo, ngo-Ephreli.
Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, umgodi kufanele ulungele ekwindla. Futhi okokuqala, emuva ehlobo, isiza esikhethiwe kufanele simbiwe ngomanyolo (umquba, umlotha, i-superphosphate), sisuse ukhula olungapheli. Ekwindla, udinga ukumba umgodi omkhulu, okungenani amasentimitha angama-80 ubukhulu ngamunye. Ukudonswa kwamanzi phansi (15- cm cm wamatshe noma izitini ezaphukile) kudingekile impela. Ungqimba womquba oxutshwe nenhlabathi enhle kufanele ubekwe ngaphansi komgodi, futhi kulolu ungqimba (20-25 cm) kufanele kube nama-humus ngaphezulu komhlaba, kanye nengxenye yebhakede lomlotha nengxenye yekhilogremu ye-azofoska. Futhi ngaphezulu, lapho kuzoba nezimpande ezintsha, kuphela inhlabathi evundile engamanzi!
Uma inhlabathi ingenashlabathi, udinga ukudweba ucezu wepayipi elisindayo phansi komgodi, ukuze kuthi eminyakeni yokuqala ukhulise izimpande.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukushayela isigxobo ukubopha amahlumela ngonyaka wokuqala (khona-ke i-trellis eqinile izosusa isigxobo). Kuyadingeka ukutshala ujule ukuze kungabikho ngaphezu kwe-2 efihlekile ebusweni. Ukunisela isithombo kahle, kuyadingeka ukufaka izithombo zenhlabathi ezizungezile.
Ukunakekela i-Nastya kulula: ukuchelela, ukondla, amahlumela we-garter, izihlahla, izindlela zokuvimbela izifo. Konke ngaphandle kokutshala akudingi ulwazi olukhethekile. Kodwa ukugawulwa kwamagilebhisi kuwubuciko, kepha ngaphandle kokuthena okulungile akunakwenzeka: isivuno sizokonakala minyaka yonke.
Ukuze uthole amaqoqo amakhulu avuthiwe, udinga ukunquma onke amahlumela awengeziwe, kanye namaqoqo angeziwe
Amanzi amaningi awadingeki, kepha ayankcenkceshelwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziyomile. Isidingo samanzi sikhulu ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamajikijolo, kepha kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi, iNastia kufanele iniselwe: ake amajikijolo aqoqe ushukela futhi abe ukunambitha. Endabeni yekwindla eyomile, ukuthambisa ubusika kuyadingeka ngaphambi nje kokuphelisa izihlahla ebusika. Okuphakelayo kufanele kube umlotha ikakhulukazi: ngcwaba amalitha ambalwa ngonyaka ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Njalo emva kweminyaka emibili entwasahlobo - amabhakede amabili womquba, emigodini engajulile eceleni kwethango. Izikhathi ezi-2-3 phakathi nehlobo - ukuzigqokisa okuphezulu ngokufafaza amahlamvu. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza izimbali ngokushesha emva kwayo - ngezixazululo ezibuthakathaka zomanyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali, ngemuva kwamanye amasonto angama-2-3 - kuphela nge-potash ne phosphorus.
INastya imelana impela nobunjalo, kepha ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, ukufafaza kwentwasahlobo kokuqala ngesisombululo se-sulfate yensimbi ngeke kuvimbe. Kodwa ku-oidium, ayizinzile, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yemvula, ngenxa yayo ungalahlekelwa amajikijolo amaningi. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuvela amaqabunga ama-3-4 amahlumela, kunengqondo ukufafaza isivini ngeRidomil Gold.
Ngeshwa, i-oidium yisishayo seNastya, futhi kufanele sikuqaphele
Entwasahlobo yokuqala, ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwesihele, ungafeza ukuthenwa okuncane kwemivini. Inkinga ukuthi uNastya uqala "ukukhala" ekuseni kakhulu, ngakho izakhamizi eziningi zasehlobo ziphuzile ngalolu hlelo lokusebenza. Kungcono kakhulu ukusika amagilebhisi ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngaphambi kokufaka izihlahla ebusika. Kepha umsebenzi oyinhloko ekwenzeni lesi sihlahla sihlukaniswe kusuka amahlumela ngokweqile, ama-stepons futhi, ngeshwa, amaqoqo kufanele enziwe ehlobo, kanti izindawo ezingaphumile zisalokhu ziluhlaza futhi zincane: ngokwemithetho, kusala isixha esisodwa kuphela. Uma usebenza kanzima ehlobo, ekwindla kwakho kuzoba lula kakhulu. Umthwalo ophelele esihlahleni akufanele ube ngaphezu kwamehlo angama-50.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa (ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba), yonke imivini kumele isuswe ezigungwini, iboshwe izinyanda ezilungele ukusingathwa futhi imbozwe nanoma yiziphi izinto ezifanele emhlabathini. Ezindaweni ezingenasihluku kangako, amagatsha e-spruce noma kaphayini noma amaqabunga owomile ezihlahla akulungele lokhu, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, azama ukusebenzisa izinto ezingakhi noma zingubo ezindala. Inkinga ukuthi ngaphansi kwamagundwane okukhosela okunjalo azizwa kahle adla amagxolo eduze nezimpande. Ngenxa yalokho, yonke ingxenye engenhla yesihlahla iyafa. Ngakho-ke, esimweni sendawo yokuhlala enkulu, i-pesticides yamagundane kufanele isatshalaliswe ngaphansi kwayo.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi
Uma ilayishwa ngokweqile, ikhula kahle esifundeni saseBelgorod. Futhi uma ngokweqiniso, lokhu kuyisici sezinhlobonhlobo - ukudonsela noma yikuphi ukuthwala ngokweqile kulimaze umvini. Nangu "umama okhathalelayo" onjalo.
Stanislav Sharygin//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=212.0
Izinhlobonhlobo ezithembeke kakhulu, esizithandayo (yize isibalo esikhulu sezithelo zamagilebhisi esizeni sethu), sehluleka kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Njalo ngesitshalo. Ngakho-ke ngesizini edlule ka-2017, uphinde wasithokozisa ngesitshalo esikhulu nesiphezulu. Ngo-2017, ukuqala kwesizini yokukhula kwakunguMeyi 1-2, i.e. cishe isonto ngemuva kuka-2016. Izimbali zaqala cishe ngasikhathi sinye ngoJuni 16th. Kuliqiniso, umthwalo kule sizini ubungaphezulu kakhulu - sekuqedwe amaqoqo angama-39. Lokhu, empeleni, kuthinte ukuvuthwa, kodwa hhayi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngo-Septhemba 5, okuqukethwe ushukela kumajikijolo kwakungu-15-16%, futhi saqala ukusika amaqoqo ngamanye ngoSepthemba 1. Ijikijolo lalilikhulu futhi limnandi. Amanye amaqoqo alengiswa kwaze kwaba ngoSepthemba 29, kwazise uSepthemba wayemuhle futhi efudumele. Kepha umvini uvuthwe ngamehlo ayi-4-6 kuphela, okuyinto embi kakhulu kunangonyaka wezi-2015 nango-2016. Ngokusobala, ukuqubuka kanye nokubanjwa isikhathi eside kwamaqhugwane emvinini kuthintekile. Kepha ekuvuneni okuhle ngonyaka ozayo, ukuguga okunjalo kwanele.
Peganova Tamara Yakovlevna//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=212.80
Ngokubona kwami, izinhlobonhlobo ezingenazinkinga ngokuphelele. Donsela umthwalo. Kulonyaka, umbhangqwana ongama-400 g amabhulashi alengiswe emvinini ongadluli ku-5 mm obukhulu. Futhi zombili sezivuthiwe. Manje umvini uvuthwa buthule. Ngakho-ke, "udinga inkomo enjalo ngokwakho!"
Izinwele ezimpunga//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=58&t=156&start=60
Video: Ukuvunwa kwamagilebhisi uNastya (Arcadia)
INastya iyinhlobonhlobo yamagilebhisi yokuqala efuna ukuba neningi lezakhamizi zasehlobo esizeni sayo, futhi bayitshala emabhizinisini amakhulu ezolimo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezimfanelo ezinhle ezikuwo womabili amahlathi ngokujwayelekile nangamajikijolo kwenza kuthandwe phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zabathengi beewayini abasezingeni eliphezulu nabathandi. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zetafula i-Nastya ingenye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu kubathengi kanye nokulula kokutshala.
