I-Begonia Cleopatra - enye yezimbali ezithandwa kakhulu ngaphakathi.
Indlela yokumnakekela kahle, kanye nezinkinga ezingase ziphakame ngesikhathi sokutshala ekhaya, funda ngezansi.
Incazelo yezitshalo zangaphakathi
Lesi sitshalo singomndeni waseBegonian. Endle, itholakala kuyo yonke indawo emahlathini asezindaweni zasemandulo nasezindaweni ezishisayo.
Uyazi? Izilimo eziyizigaxa zezinhlobo eziningi ze-begonias zifanelekile ukudla. Unomusa omuhle othakazelisayo nomthunzi we-citrus.
ICleopatra begonia isitshalo esikhula kancane, esingaba ngu-30 cm ukuphakama. Amahlumela aqoqwe e-rosette. Izitshalo zimi, zimbozwe izimpande ezincane kakhulu. Umbala we-stem wu-maroon. 
Amapuleti amaqabunga afana nenhliziyo, angabonakali afana namagatsha amabalazwe. Emaphethelweni amapuleti ahlukaniswa, ahlotshiswe ngamazinyo. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lweshidi ludwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza obumnyama. Umbala ungaba lula noma ubumnyama uma ushukumisa isitshalo esihlobene nomthombo wokukhanya. I-bottomside yeqabunga lamagqabi linemibala ebomvu noma i-burgundy.
Isigaba sokuqhakaza siqala ngoJanuwari, sihlala cishe inyanga. Izimbali zincane, kufinyelela ku-2 cm ububanzi, ziqoqwe nge-inflorescence egaxekile. Amagundane ayingqayizivele, afihle ingqikithi ephuzi.
Izimo zokukhula emakhaya
Lapho uhlela izimo ze-begonia, uCleopatra kufanele anakekele izici ezintathu:
- thola indawo efanele;
- ukuhlinzekela izimo zokushisa ezihle;
- hlela umswakama.
Indawo nokukhanyisa
Ukuze ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwembali udinga ukukhanya okungafani kakhulu. Amahora okukhanya okukhanya kwelanga eCleopatra begonia - amahora angu-12. Kungcono ukubeka izitshalo entshonalanga noma empumalanga iwindi. 
Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuhlinzeka indawo efanele:
- beka umthunzi emisebeni yemini ewindini eliseningizimu;
- enyakatho - fitolamps yokukhanyisa okwengeziwe.
Uyazi? E-Himalayas, abantu basekhaya basebenzisa ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba ye-begonias njenge-seasoning yenyama kanye nenhlanzi izitsha.
Ukushisa
ICleopatra begonia iqala ekamelweni lokushisa + 18 ... + 30 ° С, kuye ngokuthi inkathi. Ayikho isikhathi sokuphumula esiqhamukayo, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuqhubeka nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa ekamelweni.
Umswakama womoya
Isitshalo, esiza kithi esivela ezindaweni ezishisayo, sidinga umswakama. Izinga eliphezulu liyi-80%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umswakama wenhlabathi kufanele ugcinwe ngaphakathi kuka-50%, ugweme ukuqhuma kwamanzi. 
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
I-Cleopatra kulula ukunakekela i-begonia, kodwa uma uphula imithetho ethile, lesi sitshalo siphendula ngokuyeka amahlamvu nezimbali.
Ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sokuphumula sichazwe ngokuqinile, akudingekile ukudala izimo ezikhethekile ebusika. Izitshalo zaseCleopatra ngo-18 ... + 22 ° С. Isimo kuphela ukugcina umswakama ophezulu oqinile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ama-heaters ahlanganiswe indwangu emanzi noma amapellets ngamakha amalamanzi afakwe eduze kwezimbali. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani lomswakama owenziwe emhlabathini linciphile.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izigqoko eziphezulu ziletha izikhathi ezingu-2 ngenyanga ngesikhathi sehlobo sasehlobo. Bakhiqiza umanyolo okhethekile we-violets ne-begonias. Iphathelene nokulungiselela amaminerali. Isidakamizwa esivezwe kahle "Bona Forte". 
Ukuze izitshalo ezincane, izidakamizwa zihlanjululwe emthamo wezingaphansi kwezingxenye ezingaphansi kwesigamu esichazwe emiyalweni. Kusukela ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwezitshalo, umthamo ubeka ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalelo. Phakathi nehlobo, ungasebenzisa isisombululo sokhuni (1 tbsp. Ngama-5 amalitha amanzi) kanye nokukhipha umquba (1 tbsp we-compost kuya ku-5 litre amanzi).
Kubalulekile! Kusukela kumanyolo eziphilayo ezibangelwa i-begonias, ungasebenzisi i-slurry - kunengozi enkulu yokushisa izimpande.
Izici zokunisela
Flower yanisela ngamanzi. Uma usungeza amanzi, udinga ukuphakamisa ngobumnene iziqu bese usithululela ngaphansi kwempande. Ekuseni ukushisa ukushisa eqhutshwa kanye njalo kwezinsuku 2-3, ebusika - kanye ngesonto.
Ukushisa kwamanzi kufanele kufane nokushisa okukhulu. Ukubekezelelana kuyinto ehlukahlukene ± 2 ° C. 
Ukufafaza echitha ihlobo nsuku zonke. NgoSeptemba, izitshalo zithunyelwa kancane kancane kwimodi yokuphalaza kanye ngesonto, futhi inyanga ezayo bayama ngokuphelele. Uma umswakama uphansi, sebenzisa ama-moisturizers.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezici zokulima ezinye izinhlobo ze-begonias: i-Bolivia, i-coral, i-elatior.
Indlela yokunciphisa nokutshala kabusha?
Ukuqothula i-begonias kwenziwa ukuze kulawulwe ukukhula, izimbali kanye nokuvuselelwa kwesihlahla. Lapho efika ukuphakama kwamahlathi angama-7 cm, isihloko saso sinqunywa ngezikhali, siphathwa ngotshwala. Lokhu kuvuselela ukukhula kwamahlumela ase-lateral. Ngokushesha ngemva kokudubula, bancishisa inani lomswakama elisetshenziselwa umhlabathi futhi ukukhansela okwesikhashana. Ngokushesha lapho izitshalo ze-lateral zikhula, ungaqala kabusha imodi ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa. Uma ufinyelela emaphethini ohlangothini obude be-10 cm uchithe izihlahla ezimbili. I-cut is made above the kidneys, etholakala ngaphandle kwe-stem. Ngemuva kokuqeda kwenziwa kuphela uma kwenzeka udinga ukususa:
- amaqabunga omisiwe / amahlumela;
- peduncles.
Cleopatra begonias ukutshala njalo ngonyaka. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu entwasahlobo, kodwa uma kunesidingo, ungakwazi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Isibonelo, uma isitshalo sesiqalile ukubola, futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi indawo ephuthumayo isetshenziswe. Ngokufakelwa okuhleliwe, ibhodlela lithathwa li-2 cm elikhulu ngobubanzi futhi liphakeme kunalokudlule. Imfuneko eyinhloko yokwenza umthamo yanele inani lemigodi yokudonsa amanzi. Indaba yimuphi umthamo owenziwe awunandaba.Izwe le-begonias lithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile noma lenziwe ngokuzimela, lixuba ngokulinganisela okulinganayo:
- umhlabathi;
- i-peat;
- isihlabathi esinamafutha.
Kule nhlanganisela kufaka ama-10% ama-perlite nama-charcoal fine. Ukuchithwa kwenhlabathi kukhishwa ngokubalwa kuhhavini ekushiseni kwe-100 ° C nomnyango ovulekile. Emva kwalokho, inhlabathi ichitheka ngesisombululo sama-manganese (1 g ngalinye 1 l amanzi) futhi uhlanganise kahle.
Uyazi? I-Begonia ikhiqiza imbewu encane kakhulu emhlabeni. Kusukela ku-30 g wezinhlamvu zembewu ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-3 izitshalo zingakhula.
Ukudluliswa kwenziwa nge-transshipment method. Ukwenza lula ukususwa kwezitshalo kusuka ebhodweni, umhlabathi emaminithi angu-30 ngaphambi kokugwedla okuningi ukuphuza. Ngaphansi kwesitsha esisha kubeka u-2 cm wobumba obunwetshiwe, nangaphezulu kwenhlabathi engu-2 cm. Lapho inhlabathi iba buthaka, isitshalo sikhishwa ngokucophelela embizeni kanye ne-clock earthy. Hlola umhlaba kanye nezimpande zezinqubo ze-putrefactive. Uma konke kuvamile, hamba ngokushesha ebhodweni elisha bese ufafaza i-voids ngomhlabathi onomsoco. Izimila zivumelanisa impande yentamo ukuze ikhuphuke ngo-2 cm ngaphezu komhlabathi. Iviki ngemuva kokufakelwa ukutshala, izitshalo azizinanzi, kodwa zigcina kuphela izinga eliphakeme lomswakama womoya. Izitshalo emva kokufakelwa kabusha zingenziwa ngenyanga. 
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukwandisa i-shrub ekhaya, ungasebenzisa enye yezindlela ezimbili:
- ukuxhunyelelwa;
- imbewu.
Cuttings
Cuttings kangcono ukuthatha emva izimbali. Ukudubula kokugcina kuncishiswe ngo-7 cm. Ukusika okunomphumela kufakwe amahora angu-24 kwisisombululo se-accelerator yokukhula ("iZircon"). Engeza amaconsi angu-10 ketshezi ku-1 litre lamanzi. Emva kosuku lokuhamba, isixazululo esinamafutha okukhula sishintshwa ngamanzi ajwayelekile ahleliwe ekamelweni lokushisa.
Uma kufika izimpande, isiqu sidinga ukuba sitshalwe sibe sesitshalo esincane esingaba ngu-5 cm, ububanzi buka-10 cm. Inhlabathi ithathwa njengezitshalo ezindala. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umhlabathi oswakanyiswe ngesisombululo sokhuni lomlotha (1 tbsp. L ashisa 1 litre amanzi). Ephakathi kwendawo ubeka umgodi bese ubhala izimpande kuwo. Isiqu ngokwawo sishintsha emhlabathini ngo-1-2 cm ukuzinza. Kwaphela ngesonto, lesi sitshalo sikhethwe eceleni ekamelweni elimnyama futhi limbozwe nge-cap (transparent). Ngemuva kwesonto, lapho isitshalo sigxilile ngokuphelele, singasungulwa kabusha endaweni ehlala njalo. 
Lapho kufika amashidi wokuqala aqala ukwenza ukudla. Esikhathini sokuqala, urea uqaliswa. Igalelo ekuthuthukiseni okusheshayo kobumnyama obuhlaza. I-10 g yezinto ezidakamizwa yengezwa ku-1 litre lamanzi iphonswe ehlathini nasemhlabathini. Ukudla okulandelayo kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa isisombululo somlotha. 2 amasonto emva kwalokho, engeza umquba omncane emhlabathini. Esikhathini esizayo, usebenzisa amalungiselelo akhethekile okuhloswe ngazo ekudleni begonias.
Bheka i-home begonas ethandwa kakhulu.
Imbewu
Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela i-begonias maphakathi no-Febhuwari. Ukufika kokuqala kudinga imithombo eyengeziwe yokukhanya. Uma kungenjalo, izithombo ziyohlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, futhi ukukhula kwayo kuzohamba kancane.
Ukuhluma ekhaya, kungcono ukuthenga imbewu enemibala. Zizoba lula ukusabalalisa endaweni yomhlabathi esitsheni. Amandla okufika, ungathatha noma yikuphi. Ukwakhiwa komhlabathi:
- i-peat;
- isihlabathi;
- umhlabathi we-turf;
- i-perlite;
- sphagnum moss.
Ubuchwepheshe bokutshala:
- Ngaphansi kwe-tank babeka ungqimba lwamanzi ngo-3 cm.
- Gcwalisa imbiza nge-primer.
- Imbewu ihlelwe ibanga elingama-5 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, bese ihlanganiswa nesihlabathi esihlungiwe.
- Ubuso bebhodlela buhlanganiswe nefilimu futhi lubekwe ewindini elisefasiteleni, mhlawumbe eduze kwamadivayisi okushisa. Ukushisa okuhle ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu + 25 ° C.
- Ngezikhathi ezithile, izitshalo kudingeka zikhishwe, zisuse ifilimu futhi zithuthukise, uma kunesidingo, kusuka ebhodleleni le-spray.
- Ngokufika kwamagciwane, ifilimu isusiwe ngokuphelele. Ukushisa ekamelweni kuncishiswe ngo-2 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Ukuhluma kwembewu kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-16. Kodwa amahlumela amancane athuthuka kancane kancane, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubonakale ukuthi akhulumi nakancane - lokhu kuyinkqubo yemvelo yemvelo yesitshalo esicatshangelwayo, ngakho-ke akukho okudingeka kwenziwe.
Ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo ukuhlinzeka nge-microclimate edingekayo bese kunisela umhlabathi ngamanzi kusuka ebhodleleni le-spray. Lapho amahlumela afinyelela ukuphakama kwe-5 cm, angadlulela ezitsheni ezahlukene. Ngemuva kwesonto emva kokukhethwa, umanyolo uqaliswa ngokwendlela ekhonjiwe ngenhla.
Izinkinga ekukhuleni
Izitshalo zithatha kabi ngokunakekelwa okungavamile. Lokhu cishe kuholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo nokusabalalisa izinambuzane.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezifo nezinambuzane ze-begonias, kanye nezindlela zokulwa nazo.
Izifo
ICleopatra begonia ingahlasela:
- Ikhukhamba le-Mosaic Virus - umthombo ungase ungcoliswe inhlabathi engakaqanjwanga kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Kuboniswa imibuthano ephuzi emaqabungeni, okuholela ekuthuthukiseni okulandelayo okwezitshalo zezihlahla. Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, kodwa sisakazeka ngokushesha, ngakho-ke uma izimpawu zokuqala zitholakala, yenza ukuhlanzwa okuphelele kwekamelo kusuka ezihlotsheni ezinegciwane.
- Isibungu esibi - Ukutheleleka kwe-fungal okuqhubekayo ngokushesha endaweni emanzi. Kuboniswe ngu-serous putrid kumaqabunga. Ukuze ulondoloze isitshalo, udinga ukulungiswa kabusha ekamelweni elomile, ususe izingxenye ezithintekayo, ulandelwe ukwelashwa nge-baselasol (1 g ngalinye 1 l amanzi). Isixazululo akufanele siwele kuphela endaweni eluhlaza, kodwa futhi emhlabathini. Uma inhlabathi imanzi futhi inqubo ithinta uhlelo lwempande, ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo kuyadingeka. Kulesi simo, esikhundleni sesisombululo, i-base powder isetshenziswe ku-ash powder +. Baxube 1: 1 futhi baqhutshwa uthuli, futhi bangeze enhlabathini.
- Idonsa likaMealy - Umthombo yi-fungus, ekhula ngokushesha ezimweni zomswakama ophezulu kanye nezindawo ezincane zomoya. Iveza ukuthi i-plaque igcwele amacwecwe amaqabunga neziqu. Ukuqeda lesi sifo kungasebenzisa ama-fungicidal agents. Okokuqala, susa izingxenye ezilimazayo kabi zezitshalo bese ugeza i-plaque nge-swab kotini ehambelana namanzi asozini. Ngemuva kokuba isitshalo sithuthelwe ekamelweni elinesimo esihle futhi siphuphuthelwe nge-foundationol ngokubambisana nezinkuni.
Izinambuzane
Kulezi zinambuzane ku-begonias kungenzeka ukuthi zihlasela:
- isicabucabu - kususwa ngosizo lomuthi "Decis" (1 g ngalinye ngamalitha amabili amanzi);
- isihlangu - isuswe ngokuhlanza amahlamvu ngesisombululo seseti + 3 zokwelapha nge "Fitoverm" ngokusho kwemiyalelo.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yesakhiwo esinamaqabunga amaqabunga kanye nesembatho sameva, amaqabunga aseBe begonia asetshenziswa amaqhawe ukuphothula amacese.
I-Begonia Cleopatra - engahloniphi kahle ekunakekeleni isitshalo esikhangisa izici zokuhlobisa. Kuzo zonke izidingo zokukhula nokudala i-microclimate edingekayo, okungajwayelekile ukuthi ibhekane nezifo nezinambuzane.
