Lapho kukhula abalimi be-hippeastrum abavame ukubhekana nenkinga yokuntuleka kwezimbali, lapho isitshalo sikhula kuphela.
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukunakekelwa okungalungile.
Iziphi izidingo okudingeka zigcwaliswe ku-gippeastrum eziqhakazayo, funda ngezansi.
Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokukhula kwe-hippeastrum
Uhlelo lwempande ye-hippeastrum luyi-anyanisi enezimpande ngobukhulu obukhulu kakhulu. Abafi ngesikhathi sokuphumula, kodwa baqhubeke ukwenza imisebenzi yokudla. Uma ukhetha umthamo wokutshala, lesi sici kufanele sithathwe ngokubheka.
Okuhle kunakho konke, i-gippeastrum izokhula ku-tank ephakeme emincane. Ibanga elingcono ukusuka odongeni lobumbi kuya ku-amplenti li-3 cm. Kufanelekile ukucubungula ukujula kwe-bulb enhlabathini. Kufanele iphakame ngaphezu kwenhlabathi ngomhlaka 1/3. Inhlanganisela yokuncenga akufanele ihlanganiswe kakhulu. Kungcono ukulinda kuze kulungiswe, bese wengeza inani elifunayo lomhlaba.
Umhlabathi wesitshalo kufanele uchithe kahle, uphefumule, nge-acidity neutral.
Ngokutshala i-hippeastrum, ungathatha indawo egciniwe yesitolo yamasiko ama-bulbous, noma uzixube ku-2: 1: 1: 1:
- inhlabathi ye-sod;
- i-peat;
- isihlabathi;
- umquba
Okudingekayo kuqala ukufika kungumfula. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela udinga ukwenza inani elanele lemigodi yamanzi. Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa itangi ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi, faka ungqimba we-1-2 cm webumba elandisiwe noma i-perlite ngezansi. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ama-bul aqala ukugijima ihora eli-1 emanzini ashisayo (+ 40 ° C) bese ephathwa ne-Fundazole ukuvikela izifo ze-fungal.
Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kwesitshalo kuyinto + 20 ... + 30 ° С. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lingancipha libe ngu-18 ° C.
Kubalulekile! Ukuchelela ngokweqile ngesikhathi ukupaka i-peduncle kuvuselela ukuthuthukiswa kobumnyama obuhlaza okwenza kube khona ukulimala. Lesi sitshalo singakwazi ukuchitha izimbali.
Ngenyanga kaDisemba, i-hippeastrum ifakwa efayeleni elikhanyayo elisefasiteleni. Esikhathini esithile esinikeziwe, laba abamele izitshalo basesiteji sokuphumula, ngakho-ke, kwezinye izibonelo kungenzeka kube khona amaqabunga nhlobo. Ukunisela akukwenziwa kuze kuvele umcibisholo wembali.
Kusukela lapho iphakanyiswa ukuphakama kwe-10 cm, ukuchelela kwenziwa ngokungajwayelekile ukuze kuvikelwe ukuhlanganiswa kwe-coma yomhlaba, kodwa akukho. Kungcono ukubeka amanzi emaphethelweni ebhodweni noma uwuthulule epanini. Into eyinhloko akuyona ukukhonsa anyanisi. 
Kancane kancane ukwandisa inani lomswakama, okwenza i-hydration kanye ngesonto. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza noma phakathi naleso sikhathi, isitshalo sesitshalo siqala ukwandisa umthamo wayo obuluhlaza bese sitshala isiqu sembali, esizoqhakaza ngonyaka ozayo. Kulesi sigaba, kubalulekile ukulondoloza umswakama wenhlabathi ngaphakathi kwama-50%.
Uma i-peduncle ifinyelela ukuphakama kuka-15 cm kungenzeka ukuthi ufeze okokuqala. Kulesi sigaba, kuyadingeka umanyolo we-potash phosphate. Kule ndaba, uhlaka lwamapulangwe noma i-superphosphate luzosebenza kahle. Umlotha uhlanjululwa ngamanzi (ama-tablespoons amathathu ngehora elilodwa) noma wanezelwa efomini elomile 1 tbsp. l esitshalweni, ehlangene nengqimba ephezulu yenhlabathi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokutshala nokunakekela i-hippeastrum ekhaya.
I-Superphosphate kumele ihlanjululwe ngamanzi, njengoba ichitheka ngendlela efomile isikhathi eside kakhulu, kanti izitshalo azitholi ukudla okwanele. Ku 1 litre lamanzi engeza 1-2 g we powder. Umanyolo usetshenziswa njalo emavikini amabili phakathi nesikhathi esifudumele. Ngomhla ka-20 ku-Agasti, bayeka ukufaka umquba nokuhluma izitshalo. Bashukunyiselwa ekamelweni elipholile.
Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, i-hippeastrum ingalahlekelwa ngokuphelele amaqabunga ngaphambi kwesigaba sokuphumula. Lesi sigaba siphelela ekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba-Novemba. Esigabeni sokuphumula, ukuchelela akukwenziwa nhlobo noma kuyenziwa kanye ngenyanga, kuye ngokushisa.
Kukhona futhi ukhetho lokutshala izitshalo ngaphandle kwesigaba sokuphumula esicacile. Kuze kube sekugcineni, iHippeastrum inikeza ukukhanyisa kwehlobo ejwayelekile ngonyaka, ukuchelela njengoba inhlabathi ikhala, bese ukondla. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, izitshalo ziyakwazi ukungena esigabeni sokuqhakaza kabili ngonyaka.
Ehlobo, ungenza izikhethi endaweni evulekile. Emoyeni ovulekile, ngendawo ekhulayo yokudla, izitshalo zikhula kangcono, kanti ama-bulbs akha inqwaba yezingane. NgoSeptemba, izimbali zibuyela emuva emathangi, bese zibuyela esakhiweni.
Ukutshala izihlahla kwezitshalo kwenziwa njalo ngenyanga inyanga eyodwa emva kokuqedwa kwezimbali noma inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokushiya isigaba sokuphumula. Ukufakelwa kwezinto akukwazi ukugcina. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukushintsha u-3-5 cm wenhlabathi ebhodweni. 
Izimila zisakazwa ngokuhlukanisa indodakazi emabeleni omzali uma ifinyelela ku-2 cm noma ngaphezulu. Indlela yesibili yokukhiqiza impova kanye nokukhiqizwa kwembewu. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kuhle kakhulu kwenziwe ngaphandle.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukwakheka kwembewu kuzothatha amandla amaningi emzimbeni wesitshalo futhi kuqiniswe uhlelo lwempande, oluzolimaza kakhulu izinga lemibala esikhathini esizayo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngemuva kokuvuna. Uhlelo lokuhluma luyinto evamile, kunoma yiziphi izithombo.
Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela, i-hippeastrum idluliselwa ku-window ekhanyisiwe kahle futhi igcine izinga lokushisa lomoya egumbini elingaphakathi + 23 ... + 25 ° С. Izitshalo ezincane azidingi isikhathi sokuphumula. Ungabondla kanye ngenyanga ngenyanga ifomu. I-hippeastrum encane nganoma iyiphi indlela yokukhiqiza ingena esigabeni sokuqhakaza sonyaka we-2-3.
Imithi yokuvimbela yenziwa kanye ngonyaka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-phytosporin ngokwemiyalelo + engeza ngezikhathi ezithile njengendlela yokuphahla umlotha othulini ngendlela eyomile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhiqiza ukulima ngaphambi kokutshala kusuka emhlabathini ovulekile kuze kuvaliwe futhi ngokuphambene.
Izici zezikhathi zezimbali
Isigaba sokuqhakaza sithatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuphumula, lesi sitshalo siphonsa i-peduncle, ukuphakama kwayo kungahlukahluka phakathi kuka-35-80 cm. Ekugcineni kwesiqu kuyinto imifula emifula emisebe noma i-tubular. Izimbali ziqoqwe ku-inflorescences wezingcezu ezingu-2-4.
Imibala eyinhloko, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo:
- umhlophe;
- i-pink;
- obomvu
- i-orange;
- obomvu obumnyama
Uyazi? Isihlobo esiseduze se-hippeastrum beladonna noma i-amaralis sinhle. Zombili izitshalo ziyakwazi ukubuthelwa ubuthi ema-bulb.
I-stamens enkulu nge-anthers ephuzi. Hamba ngaphesheya kwemingcele yembali. 
Kungani i-hippeastrum ingaqhakazeki nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze ekhaya?
Ukuphuka okuncane kakhulu ekunakekeleni i-hippeastrum kungaba yinto evimbela ukubunjwa kwe-peduncle.
Awekho ukudluliselwa
Njengoba kunikezwe inhlabathi encane ebhodweni ene-hippeastrum, i-anyanisi idonsela ngokushesha izakhi ezivela kuyo, ihlanganise yonke inhlama ngezimpande ezengeziwe.
Kulesi simo, isixazululo siphuthuma embizeni enkulu. Ngokugcwele kuthatha izitsha ezinkulu ngo-3-5 cm.
Ukungabi namanyolo
Ukwakheka kwekhono le-peduncle kudinga inani elanele lama-potash-phosphorus. I-superphosphate ehlukile ngokushiswa komuthi.
Izimbali zingase zingabi khona uma umanyolo ukhethwa ngokungalungile, isibonelo, aqukethe i-nitrogen. Kulesi simo, kukhona ukwakheka okusheshayo kwamaqabunga, kodwa hhayi i-peduncle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umanyolo we-nitrogenous ungabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ze-fungal.
Uyazi? I-Hippeastrum yaqamba igama layo futhi yaqala ukubhekwa njengezihlobo ezihlukile ezivela kuma-amaralis kuphela ngo-1821, kuyilapho izincazelo zezitshalo ezinjalo zivela ngo-1737. Lokhu kwasolakala ngephutha likaKarl Linnaeus, owathi i-amaralis ne-hippeastrum kunezinye izinhlobo.
Ngemuva kokuxazulula umbuso wokukhulelwa ngokwemigomo engenhla, akufanele ulinde izimbali ngonyaka ofanayo, njengoba lesi sitshalo sidinga isikhathi sokucebisa izakhi kanye nethebhu ye-peduncle. 
Izimo ezingalungile
I-Hippeastrum ngeke idale i-peduncle emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Amasiko adinga ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile phakathi kwezigaba zokuphumula kanye nenkathi ekhulayo ekhulayo. Ehlobo, izitshalo ngeke zingene esigabeni sokuqhakaza emazingeni okushisa ngezansi + 20 ° C kanye nomswakama ophezulu, ngaphezu kuka-70%.
I-Hippeastrum ayidingi ukupunga. Ayenziwa ngisho nasezinsukwini zasehlobo ezinzima kakhulu. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kokuhluma kwe-peduncle kungama-23 ... + 30 ° С endaweni enomswakama we-60-70%.
Isayizi enkulu yembiza
Ubukhulu obukhulu besitokisi lungase kube yisici ekuntulekeni kwemibala.
Lesi sitshalo sisebenzisa zonke izakhi ukuze zikhule:
- i-bulb ngokwayo;
- izimpande ezengeziwe;
- indodakazi yamadodakazi;
- ingxenye engaphansi.
Ekubunjweni kwe-peduncle yena nje akanalo amandla anele.
Kulesi simo, kuzodingeka ulinde kuze kube yilapho isibhamu sifinyelela usayizi obukhulu, noma ngabe udinga ukukhetha amandla ngokuvumelana nemiphakamitha yezimpande. Ibanga elihle kuya ezindongeni zebhodini bese phansi kwe-bulb ngu-3 cm.
Ubhubhu bujulile kakhulu
I-bulb kumele ifakwe emhlabathini ngomzuzu noma ingxenye eyodwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho utshalwa, kubonakala sengathi lokhu akuyona into engavamile futhi isibhamu sizophuma.
Kubalulekile! Uma utshala, njalo uhlukanise ngengqondo i-bulb zibe izingxenye ezingu-4 bese ufakwa ku-25 noma u-50% kuye ngobukhulu bezinto zokutshala.
Kodwa, isitshalo, sijulise futhi sithuthukise izimpande zayo, sigcinwe ngokuqinile ebhodweni, futhi ingxenye engenhla ayigcini emhlabathini futhi ingaphansi kokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. 
Asikho isikhathi sokuphumula
I-Hippeastrum idinga isikhathi sokuphumula, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke sikwazi ukuphinda siphinde siphinde sikhulume futhi ngeke singene kulesi sigaba ngonyaka ozayo.
Ngaphambi kokungena esigabeni esiqhelile, izitshalo kufanele zivunyelwe ukubeka izimbali ze-flower, futhi zibuyisele ukuphuleka komsoco. Ngokushesha emva kokusila, izimo ezikhulayo aziguquki. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kanye nomswakama kuletha inhlabathi ngokwesiko esidala. Ngemva kwenyanga, bayeka ukwenza konke lokhu.
Izinhlamvu zembewu, uma izitshalo zivulekile, shiya ekuvaliwe - zisuse. Amahlamvu kanye ne-peduncle basuswa kuphela uma beqala ukufa, ukushintsha umbala nokulahlekelwa kwabantu. Uma amaqabunga ehlala ekhulu, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuba ususe ngisho nangesikhathi sokuphumula.
Into eyinhloko ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kanye nomthunzi oyingxenye, ukuze isitshalo singabi ekukhuleni. Ukunyuka komhlabathi ngesikhathi sokuphumula kungase kwenzeke kanye ngenyanga noma kungenjalo uma umswakama ekamelweni liphakeme kunama-70%.
Izifo noma izinambuzane
Isizathu sokubambezeleka ekubunjweni kwe-peduncle kungase kube nokutheleleka ngezifo nezinambuzane.
Esinye sezifo eziyingozi kakhulu ku-hippeastrum yi-staganoporosis (ukushisa okubomvu kwama-bulbs). Izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo zingamabala abomvu namacwecwe ebusweni be-bulb ephuma emhlabathini. Kancane kancane, ukutheleleka kusakazeka engxenyeni yomhlabathi.
Uma izimpawu zokuqala zitholwa, kubalulekile ukuphatha ngokucophelela ummese obukhali ngophuzo oludakayo, ukudonsa lesi sitshalo ngaphandle kwebhodlela bese uthatha zonke izindawo ezithintekayo, uthatha izicucu ezinempilo ezingaphansi kuka-0.5 cm. Emva kwalokhu kuqhutshwa, zonke iziqephu, i-bulb ngokwalo, kumele zifakwe umquba ngexube le-Readzole kanye no-wood ash (1: 1). 
Lungisa inhlabathi entsha, uyichithe izifo nge-1% ye-manganese isisombululo bese wenza ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo. Tshala i-bulb ngemuva kwalokhu ukwelashwa kufanele kube phezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuzonikeza ithuba lokulawula isimo sakhe. Uma ingozi yokuphindaphinda idlule, ungagcwalisa inani elidingekayo lomhlabathi.
I-anthracnose kanye nokulimala kwelanga sekuphuthumayo kukhula ngaphansi kwesimo sokulima emhlabathini ovulekile. I-agent ye-causative yezifo yizinhlamvu ze-fungal, ezisakazeka masinyane ngomswakama ophezulu. I-pathogen ihamba ngokushesha ngomoya, ngosizo lwezinambuzane. I-spores ithuthuka ngokushesha lapho kukhona khona umonakalo owenziwe ngezitshalo kanye nokuntuleka kwe-potassium.
Izimpawu zokuqala:
- amabala amnyama kumaqabunga nama-amp;
- ukulahlekelwa kwe-turgor.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukususa zonke izingxenye ezithintekayo zesitshalo. Khona-ke, phatha inhlabathi ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux ingxube nothuli wonke ama-specimens atholakala nge-Fundazole ngokuhlanganiswa nohlaka lwezinkuni.
Izinambuzane ezithinta i-hippeastrum:
- isihlangu;
- isi-spider mite;
- uphawu lwe-anyanisi;
- i-mealybug
Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokutshala ezinye izitshalo endaweni, inhlabathi ngaphambi kokukhetha i-gippeastrum emhlabathini ovulekile kufanele iphathwe nge-sulphate yethusi futhi yenze ukulima okuphindwe kabili ku-20 cm ekuwa nasentwasahlobo.
Uma izimpawu zokuqala zokulimala zivela, kubalulekile ukuqeda imikhiqizo yabo emfucumfucu kusukela emhlabathini phansi nesiponji emanzini asozini. Izingxenye ezilimaza kakhulu zisusiwe, futhi ukusikeka kuyimpuphu nge-ash ash. Bese uqhuba ukwelapha kathathu uFitoverm ngokwemiyalo. Isikhathi esiphakathi kwezokwelapha izinsuku ezingu-14-20. 
Indlela yokugwema amaphutha ekunakekeleni
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela, ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo, izinambuzane nezinkinga ngokuntuleka kwezimbali, kufanele zihambisane nezinyathelo ze-agrotechnical:
- ukufakelwa kwonyaka ngonyaka ngezimbiza ezingaphezu kobukhulu beziqukathi ezindala ngo-4 cm;
- ukuchithwa okuphoqelekile kwenhlabathi;
- ukunamathela endaweni yokutshala izitshalo uma kuvela emhlabathini ovulekile - akuvumelekile ukubeka i-hippeastrum eduze kwezitshalo ze-anyanisi;
- ukunamathela emanzini okunisela nokukhulelwa;
- ukuhlinzeka ngeholide egcwele ebusika;
- ukuhambisana nemithetho yokufaka ama-bulb enhlabathini;
- ukugcina izinga lokushisa elihle kanye nomswakama, ukuhlinzeka indawo yokukhosela ezitshalweni ezikhulayo endaweni evulekile esimweni sezulu.
I-Hippeastrum ingangena esigabeni sokuqhakaza izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka. Into esemqoka ukuhambisana nemithetho ye-agrotechnical.
