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Kungani inkomo inesisu

Izilwane zasemapulazini ziboshwe kuphela ngenzuzo. Futhi izinga eliphezulu, imikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe ayithokozeli kuphela itafula labanikazi, kodwa futhi isikhwama. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi ukulahlekelwa okubangelwa ngenxa yezigameko ezivelele kubangela abalimi abaningi.

Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokukhethekile emaphakathini. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka futhi ukuthi ungakugwema kanjani le nkathazo, sizoyitshela.

Kuyini ukukhulelwa kwesisu

Ukukhipha isisu kungukuqedwa kokuqala kwenqubo yokukhulelwa, okwenzeka ngenxa yezimo ezihlukahlukene zokugula ezingaphansi komzimba womama, izimo ezingenakulungiswa zokugcinwa kwayo noma ukudla okungalungile.

Kubalulekile! Cishe u-5-35% wokukhulelwa ezinkomeni sekuphela ekukhulelweni komzimba.
Amacala okukhipha isisu okuvame ukwelashwa avame ukubhekwa ekwindla nasebusika, futhi lokhu kunomthelela ekukhuleni kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, ukudla okubi, ukungahambi kahle nokuhamba ngokwemvelo.

Izinhlobo

Ngokuvamile, ukuqeda ukukhulelwa okungaqondakali kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingaba ngu-5-6. Lokhu kuholela ezinkingeni empilweni yesilwane futhi kaningi kube nokwelashwa isikhathi eside, okubiza izindleko noma ngisho nokufa. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlukumeza, okuhlukaniswa yi-etiology kanye nomthombo, okwaholela kule simo.

Ngohlobo lomthombo

Ngokusho kohlobo lwezizathu eziholela ekukhipha isisu, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

  1. I-Symptomatic. Lapho ukukhulelwa kuqedwa ngenxa yesimo somama. Isibonelo, umzimba wenkomo awukwazanga ukubekezelela imiphumela yezinto ezihlukahlukene nokukhulelwa kwesisu okwenzekile.
  2. Idiopathic. Kuxhomeke esimweni se-fetus. Isibonelo, uma kukhona okungahambanga kahle ekuthuthukiseni umbungu (ukungaboni kahle kokuzalwa, ukukhubazeka, njll), umzimba womama unqabe ingane.
Uyazi? Izinkomo yizilwane zasemapulazini ezikhiqiza kakhulu. Unyaka ngamunye bangaveza amalitha angu-1000-8000 wobisi, futhi isidumbu sabo sinezinyama ezingu-200-600.

Ngokusho kwe-etiology

Okokuqala, ukulahleka kwesisu kuyenzeka ngokulahlekelwa okuphelele noma okuncane kwe-fetus. Ngakho-ke, ukukhipha isisu kuhlukaniswe ngokuthi:

  • egcwele - yonke imibungu iyafa;
  • akuphelele - okungenani isithelo esisodwa singasaphila.

Ngokwezimo zemvelaphi, ukukhipha isisu kuhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu:

  • okungenasifo;
  • i-infectious;
  • iningi.

Funda ngokukhulelwa kwenkomo: indlela yokunquma ukuthi uhlala isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi ungondla kanjani isilwane phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Ukuhlukaniswa okuqhubekayo kukuvumela ukuba uthole izimbangela zokukhipha isisu nokusiza ukwenza isinqumo esifanele ukwelashwa kwesilwane. Ngakho, ukukhipha isisu kuhlukaniswe ngokuthi:

  • Idiopathic engezona ezithathelwanayo. Kwenzeka ngenxa ye-anomalies noma i-pathologies ekuthuthukiseni umbungu. Lokhu kungaba izifo ezinso, isibindi, inhliziyo, nezinye izitho ezibalulekile. I-Symptomatic ihlukile kulolu hlobo. Kuvela njengomphumela wobudlelwane bomama nesisu. Lolu hlobo lubandakanya ukuhlukumezeka, i-climatic, i-feedary ne-toxic.
  • Idiopathic ezithathelwanayo. Kwenzeka uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka kwenkomo ngezifo ezihlukahlukene (i-leptospirosis, i-listeriosis, i-brucellosis, i-campylobacteriosis, i-salmonellosis). Ukubonakala okubonakalayo kutholakala esifubeni sesifo sofuba, isifo somlenze nomlomo, i-mycosis.
  • Idiopathic evamile. Ivela nge-toxoplasmosis noma i-trichomoniasis. Ukubonakala ngokuphawulekayo kwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ze-parasitic zegazi.

Thola ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu nezindlela zokwelashwa kwe-leptospirosis ezinkomeni.

Izimbangela zokukhulelwa kwesisu

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokukhipha isisu okuyisisu yizici ezilandelayo:

  • Izifo ezithathelisayo (brucellosis, trichomoniasis, njll). Esilwaneni esigulayo, ukutheleleka kusakazeka embryo futhi kuyeka ukukhula. Kule nkinga, ingane ibuye isakazeke, ngakho-ke emva kokukhulelwa kwesisu, umgodla uphathwa nge-disinfectants, futhi inkomo ngokwayo ihlanganiswe.
    • Lapho i-trichomoniasis enkomo, ingane ingaba nengculazi futhi ife
  • Izifo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo noma zokuphefumula. Izitho ezihlukene zingathinteka: umzila wokuphefumula, umzila wamathumbu, uhlelo lokujikeleza, njll.
  • Izinkinga ezitholakala esikhathini esidlule (ukulibeleka kokuzalwa, i-endometritis). Kulezi zifo, ubuqotho bezingqamuzana zomzimba zesisu buphazamiseka, ngenxa yalokho umgogodla uba buthakathaka futhi ungenangqondo. Lesi sizathu sivame kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuyenzeka ekuqothulweni okulandelayo futhi ngesikhathi esisodwa - izinyanga ezingu-5-6. Lezi zinkabi zisasetshenziselwa ukushayela.
  • Ukuphakela kwekhwalithi engalungile. Ukungafani kahle kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni.
  • Ukuqhathanisa ngokweqile noma ukugqilaza umzimba. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuntuleka kokudla, noma inani eliningi kakhulu lokugxila kanye nokuxuba kokusanhlamvu ekudleni. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuzivikela komzimba wesilwane kunciphisa futhi kuthinteka ekukhuleni kwegciwane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uketshezi umzimba kuphazamiseka, okuholela ekukhipha isisu.
  • Ukuntuleka ekudleni kwezakhi zamaminerali (calcium, zinc, iron, phosphorus). Emapulazini amakhulu ngalesi sizathu, ukuhlukunyezwa okukhulu kungahle kwenzeke. Kulesi simo, umlimi kumele ahlaziye ukwakheka kwesondlo futhi awuthuthukise.
Uyazi? Ngisho no-30-40 g we-choki noma isidlo senyamazane kuzosiza ukuvimbela isisu nokulondoloza inzalo yesikhathi esizayo.
  • Ukuntuleka kwamaprotheni kuyathinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kombungu.
  • Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin A. Iholela ekudakaleni kwezicubu ze-epithelial, lapho i-placenta ne-epidermis engahlali khona. Ukuhlukana kwemikhakha kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ezinkathini zokuqala. Ngokuntuleka kwe-retinol, inkomo ingaba nesithelo, kodwa emva kokubeletha kungenzeka ingasaphila isikhathi eside. Njengomthetho, amathole anjalo akhule kahle izinhlelo zokuphefumula nokugaya.
  • Ukungabi kwe-tocopherol. Iqeda kakhulu ukukhipha isisu okufihliwe, lapho ingane yakho ingabuyiselwa khona noma imiswe. Uma uletha ukudla kwesilwane emuva kokujwayelekile, uzokwazi ukwenza inzalo enempilo esikhathini esizayo.
  • Ukwehla kwe-Vitamin E. Ngokuntuleka kwayo kokukhubazeka kwenzeka esikhathini sezinyanga ezingu-6-7. Uma ukungatholakali kwaleli vithamini kutholakala, ukwelashwa kwe-multivitamin ngokushesha kuqala.
  • Ukulimala. Ngokuvamile, ukuwa phansi, ukushaya "izizwe" ngophondo namanye amacala kungabangela ukukhipha isisu.
  • Ukuphuza amanzi abandayo kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukuqhuma kwe-blood pressure ye-reflex, okuholela e-oxygen yindlala nokufa kwe-fetus. Ukushisa okukhulu kwamanzi ngamanzi okuphuza kuya ku-+10 ° C.
  • Izifo ezingavamile ezitholakala emntwaneni. Kwenzeka kubantu ngabanye futhi akuholeli ekusakazweni kwezinye izinkomo. Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okungavamile, umbungu awukwazi ukuthuthukisa, futhi inkomo iyayilahla.
  • Ukucindezeleka okushisayo. Kungase futhi kuthinte umsebenzi wokuzala. Ingabe isizathu esingajwayelekile.
  • Ukuba khona kwezinto ezinobuthi ku-feed. Kuholela ekukhipha isisu kokubili ekuqaleni nezinkathi zakamuva. Okubalulekile ukuthi ezitshalweni noma ezondla kukhona i-nitrate ne-nitrites, ephazamisa inkambo yokukhulelwa. Ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yalesi sizathu ukukhubazeka kwamathambo kwenzeka esikhathini esikude.

Indlela yokunquma ukuthi inkomo inesisu

Ukuqaphela ukuthi ngabe ukukhipha isisu okwenzekile akukwenzeki yini kunzima. Ukuze unqume isimo esithathelwanayo sokukhipha isisu, udinga ukuqapha izimpawu ezilandelayo:

  • ukukhulelwa kwesisu kwenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa enani elikhulu lezinkomo ngaphakathi epulazini elifanayo noma ekuhlaleni;
  • Ukukhipha isisu kwenzeka kuzo zonke izilwane ngezikhathi ezichazwe ngenhla;
  • ekuhlolweni kwe-fetus, ihembe elimbozayo limbozwe ngokuqhakaza okwesibhakabhaka, okufana nokubonakala kwamapulangwe we-millet;
  • emva kokukhulelwa kwesisu kwenzeka ukulibaziseka kokuzalwa.

Ukuphazanyiswa ngokwayo kuvame ukuthatha kalula, ngaphandle kokuzikhandla okuthile, futhi umfuyi ongenakulinganisa umfuyi uthola engozini emgodini ophonswe, ngokuvamile ofile, ingane. Ngemva kokukhipha isisu ezilwaneni ezivela emgodini wokuzalwa, kukhishwa uketshezi olungcolile olusetshenziselwa ukwelashwa.

Kubalulekile! Uma kuyisifo esithathelwanayo, khona-ke singaphikelela epulazini iminyaka eminingi futhi ukwelashwa ingxenye enkulu akusebenzi. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwezilwane ezigonywe.
Ngokuyinhloko ku-trimester yokuqala yokubonakaliswa kokukhulelwa kwesisu akuqapheli. Izimpawu zivele kakade ngosuku oluzayo. Izici eziyinhloko:

  • ukunciphisa ukudla;
  • ukwehla kwe-lactation;
  • kushintshwe ezimfanelo zekhwalithi;
  • ezilwaneni ezingezona izidakamizwa, izikhukhula ezinzima;
  • isilwane sinokukhathazeka, imizamo;
  • ukudalulwa komsele womlomo wesibeletho, kukhona uketshezi olungcolile okwesigazi.

Umphumela wokulahlekelwa kwe-Fetal

Imiphumela yokukhipha isisu ingahluka. Kwezinye izimo, ithole lingagcinwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ulondoloze inkomo ngokwayo.

Eksodusi ngokuthunjwa okuphelele

Ukwenqaba ngokugcwele isisu esidlulayo kuyindlela evamile kakhulu yokukhulelwa kwesisu. Ngokuyinhloko kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingu-3-5 zokukhulelwa. I-embryo ixoshwa ngemva kwamasonto 1-3, kungekho zibonakaliso zokubola.

Mayelana nokufa kwe-fetus zisho lezi zimpawu:

  • isisu asihambisani;
  • inkomo idonsela;
  • ebisini abesifazane, ubisi ukukhiqiza kwehla.

Thola ukuthi yisiphi isizathu nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani ukwelashwa kwenkomo.

Esimweni esinjalo, kufanele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuze kukhishwe ngokuphelele ingane yakho kanye nokuphatha izinkinga ezingenzeka.

Ukufa kwesibungu kanye nezinkinga

Umphumela onjalo ugcwele imiphumela emibi emzimbeni womama.

Umbungu obulawe esibelethweni (okuthiwa ukukhipha isisu okufihliwe) ukubola, futhi imikhiqizo yokubola iyangena emzimbeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-corpus luteum ku-ovary iqhubeka iqhubeka kuze kube yilapho i-lysis yokugcina yamathambo wombungu kanye nezibilini zayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukubambezeleka ekubuyiseleni imijikelezo yezocansi, ekugcineni kungabangela nokuqedwa kokuqala kokukhulelwa. Uma umbungu ushona emva kwezinsuku ezingu-11-13, izinga lokuvusa umjikelezo wesondo luyakhula ngezinsuku ezingu-17-25.

Ngokuvamile, ukukhipha isisu okufihliwe kusethelwe ekuhlolweni kabusha, emva kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3, futhi uqaphele izimpawu zokukhulelwa kwangaphambili.

Amathuba okubahlengikazi

Kukhona amacala okulahla ingane engakafiki ngaphambi kwesikhathi (noob). Le nqubo ifana nokubeletha: konke okuyinkimbinkimbi noma iningi le-harbingers yokulethwa kubonakala.

Kubalulekile! Uma ubuhlungu bumbozwe uboya, kukhona ithuba lokuphuma. Kodwa kufanele ucabangele imbangela yokukhulelwa kwesisu (isifo esithathelwanayo noma esingenasifo).
Inkonyane yabonakala masinyane, idluliselwa ekamelweni elifudumele elinokushisa kwama-25-30 ° C, elimbozwe ngengubo futhi liboshwe kuma-heaters. Bondla kuphela nge-colostrum nobisi lomama olushisa kakhulu ekushiseni komzimba. Uma ubisi lukanina lungasetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa, bafuna ithole lenkomo.

Kutuswa ukunika igazi lomama wengane. Uma lo mfokazi engenayo i-reflex esondla, ngeke isebenze. Kunoma yikuphi, ukubunjwa ubisi (uma kususwa ubisi lwezinye izilwane) kufanele kube eduze komzali.

Izindlela zokulawula nokuvimbela

Ukuze uqede umsebenzi wokuqala ngaphambi kokusebenza, kufanele ulandele le mithetho:

  • Kungakapheli izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisithupha ngaphambi kokubeletha, inkomo ihlukaniswe emhlambini bese iqhutshwa ehlathini elifile. Emapulazini amakhulu kuvunyelwe ukwakha amaqembu ezinkomo ezikhulelwe, kodwa izilwane ezingaphezu kuka-25 ngayinye.
  • Ngaphambi kokudlulisela isilwane sombhede kwenye indawo, ihlanzwa ngokuphelele futhi ixiliswe nge-disinfected.
  • Ngaphambi kokuqothulwa kwamakhemikhali, inkomo igonywa ngokumelene ne-brucellosis nesifo sofuba. Le nqubo yenziwa inyanga ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa okuhlosiwe.
  • Isilwane sigcinwe ukubopha ukuvimbela ukulimala.
  • Ukudla okunomsoco okuqinile. Kumele kube nokulinganisela futhi kuqukethe inani elanele lamavithamini nezakhi ezizuzisayo.
  • Ngokuvamile, amahora angu-2-3, hamba izinkabi. Izinsuku 3-4 ngaphambi kokubeletha ziyahamba.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkomo kumele zigcinwe zihlanzekile, ezibhebhe ezifudumele, ekushiseni okungekho ngaphansi kuka -16 ° C. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lawula i-microclimate egodini. Uma kuneziphambeko ezivela emithethweni emisiwe (ngokweqile kwe-nitrogen, i-carbon dioxide), izilwane zingahlakulela izifo ze-pulmonary, eziholela ekukhipha isisu.

Kubalulekile! Ukuze uvimbele ukuhlukunyezwa, kufanele uqede zonke izici ezingabangela.
Uma ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ehlobo, bese uhamba ngenkomo, kufanele ubukele. Utshani obunamanzi, inqwaba yezitshalo ezinomsoco zingaholela ekudleni ngokweqile. Kulokhu, u-tympania, ukuvinjwa kwamathumbu kanye nezinye izinkinga emaphethelweni emathunjini angase athuthuke. Izifo ezinjalo ziholela ekukhipha isisu.

Kungenzeka yini ukukhipha isisu izinkomo

Ukukhipha izisu okufakelwayo akuvamile ukuthi kusetshenziswe ekusebenzeni kwezilwane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isilwane kufanele sibe nezinkomba ezilandelayo:

  • Ukunciphisa nokwehlukaniswa komsele we-pelvic ngokuthuthukiswa kocingo kanye nezicubu;
  • inqwaba, i-cow-threatening uterine bleeding;
  • ukwehla kwamangqamuzana e-fetal;
  • "stale" ngaphambi kokubeletha;
  • ukukhathala komzimba womama ngokukhulelwa okuningi;
  • i-osteomalacia nezinye izinqubo ze-pathological ezithinta ukukhulelwa noma abasebenzi.
Ukwenza izisu zokufakelwa, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokusebenza usebenzisa ukuvuselelwa kwamagciwane noma ukushisa kwesibeletho.

Uyazi? Ngokwesilinganiso, izinkomo zikhulelwe izinsuku ezingu-285. Kulesi simo, usuku oluqondile lokukholisa alukwazi ukuthola, ngoba ukukhulelwa kungahluka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-240-311.
Ukubamba iqhaza, ngingathanda ukuphawula ukuthi ukunakekela izinkomo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukudala izimo ezilula futhi ukuzivikela ezifweni kuzobavumela ukuba bathole inzalo enempilo. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola njalo isilwane ukuze kube nokubonakaliswa okuqondile nokungaqondile kokukhipha isisu.

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