Emanogwazini ohlobo lwe-Poltava wesiliva, uboya obuhle bekhanda nezikhumba zihlangene, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile yezinkomo ezincane.
Lesi silwane esihle sifanelwe indawo yaso ephakeme ekubuseni kobuhlanga.
Incazelo yokuzalwa
Lolu hlobo alukwazi ukudideka nanoma yimuphi omunye, ngoba ingubo yombala onobumba osiliva ijwayelekile kulo mmeleli wezinhlobo. Nakuba, ngenxa yamagama amaningi okunye, ukudideka kungavela nencazelo yezinhlobo. "I-Poltavan" ibizwa nangokuthi i-Soviet isiliva, isiliva, isiliva.
Uyazi? Ubumnandi bomlenze we-Poltava besizwe esiliva kuthiwa yi-backback, kulokhu ingaguqulwa kusukela ngesiNgisi ngehora kusuka emidlalweni ye-equestrian - "jikela ngo-180 °". Lapha sibheke engqondweni yezinwele zezinwele zokuba nomthunzi ophansi wegrey esisekelweni futhi zigcine zifiphele kakhulu kuze kube sekupheleni.
Umlando we-Inference
Izilwane ezinomvalo wesiliva zitholakala eNkathini Ephakathi eNdiya, zalethwa eYurophu ngabaseSpain abahamba ngezimoto, lapho amaFulentshi ayebathanda khona kakhulu, okwathi ngokukhethwa kwesikhathi eside kwavuna i-Champagne. Ososayensi baseSoviet baqala ukusebenza nalezi zinhlobo ngesikhathi esisodwa ezindaweni ezimbili - "uPetrovsky" (esifundazweni sasePoltava, i-Ukrainian SSR) ne "Fur" (esifundeni saseTula, i-RSFSR). Kwakungabantu basePoltava ngo-1952 abakwazi ukudala uboya obuhle, inyama enhle futhi benqabela izimo zezulu ezibandayo. 
Ukubukeka nomzimba
Abameli be-Poltava isiliva baye bahlakulela imisipha. Lezi zilwane zikhulu kakhulu, ezihlukanisa nezihlobo ezifanayo eziboshwe abanye abafuyi.
Yazi kahle abameleli abakhulu kunabo bonke inyama, phansi kanye noboya, kanye nezinhlobo zokuhlobisa ezinogwaja.Nazi izici zangaphandle eziyinhloko zesiliva:
- Umzimba isikhathi eside kunabelusi abalingani baseYurophu, imisipha, ehambisanayo.
- Umbala ezinsana, othisha onogwaja abamnyama, futhi ngenyanga yesine iqala ukuthola umbala "wezinkampani" wesiliva. Lapho ukhula, umbala woboya ubonakala ngaphezulu futhi obuningi obuhlaza-grey, futhi unikeza isilwane "izinwele ezimhlophe".
- Inhloko inomumo oblong, ophinde, ongavumelani ne-skull emfushane yama-analogues aseYurophu.
- Izinzwa ngokulingana nomzimba futhi kufanelekile.
- Amehlo obomvu.
- Umkhumbi imisipha, evame ukuthuthukiswa.
- Isifuba Isakhiwo esiphakathi, nengxenye yangemuva ye-trunk ihlanganiswe, ihlangene;
- Emuva eqondile, ephelele kulo lonke.
Izici ezikhiqizayo
Ukubukeka okukhangayo kwesilwane kuhlanganiswa nokukhulelwa okusheshayo, ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nokunambitheka okukhulu kwenyama. Konke lokhu ndawonye kwenza ubuhlobo buzuze kakhulu.
Izici ezikhiqizayo zilandelayo:
- isisindo sogwaja omdala singaba ngu-6 kg;
- ubude bomzimba buba ngu-55 cm, ngezinye izikhathi kuya ku-60 cm;
- Ukuncishwa kokunconywa ubudala yizinyanga ezingu-3-4, lapho umuntu efinyelela inani elilodwa lika-1.5-2 kg, njengoba ukudla okuqhubekayo kungabi nzuzo ngokwezomnotho, futhi ngaphandle kwalowo nyaka, inyama inezinambitheka kakhulu;
- inyama ephuma ezinyangeni eziyi-3-4 kusukela ku-55 ukuya ku-65% yesisindo somzimba;
- Ukulingana kwabakhiqizi abakhethiwe kubonakala cishe inyanga eyodwa emva kokukhulelwa (kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-28 kuya kwezingu-33) - i-bunny iletha udoti we-8-9, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinsana ezingu-12.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Ekhuluma nge-Poltava isiliva, kufanelekile ukugqamisa izinzuzo zalesi sizwe uma kuqhathaniswa namanye onogwaja. Ayikho ihlaya, ukuthi isikhumba sakhe silingana nekhwalithi kanye nombala nge-chinchilla, kanti inendawo enkulu. Izinkomba ezinjalo zithandwa kakhulu ngabakhiqizi bezingubo zokubomvu.
Funda mayelana nabanye abameleli bezinhlobo zenyama yomunyu nezikhombisi zesikhumba: Rex ne-Viennese blue.
Akukhona neze ukuphazamiseka kulokhu "isakhamuzi sasePoltava", kodwa kunezinzuzo eziningi:
- ingqondo elinganiselayo nokuntuleka kobudlova;
- ukukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni;
- ukukhishwa okuphezulu;
- Kunalokho usayizi omkhulu;
- ukuphikiswa kwesithwathwa kanye nethuba lokugcina izakhiwo ezingahlali;
- ukungathobeki ekudleni;
- okuhlwabusayo, inyama enomsoco wombala we-marble omuhle;
- ukujwayele ukujwayele usuku nosuku;
- ubuningi obuhle, obuhle nobuhle obuphezulu.
Phakathi kweziphambeko, umuntu angaziqaphela ukuthi izilwane zinzima ukubekezelela ukushisa nomswakama ophezulu.Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Abantu bezinhlobo zesiliva ze-Poltava abazithobeki ngokugcwele ezimweni zokuboshwa futhi bavunyelwe ngaphansi kobusika obunzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubusika obubandayo bunikeza isikhumba sabo ubuhle obukhethekile.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthukuthela kwalesi sizwe kwenza kube lula ukumgcina njengesilwane ezimweni zendlu. Kodwa-ke, ukugxila kwezakhi zofuzo kuzokwenza kule ndawo kube nesibindi esithokozile kakhulu kunesilwane esingenakusetshenziswa kwesimiso esenziwe ngokwemvelo.
Ukukhethwa nokuhlelwa kwamaseli
I-cage akufanele isondele, isilwane sinesidingo senkululeko yokubonisa umsebenzi (okungenani u-250 mm ubude ukusuka kumakhelwane) - ukuhambisa ngokukhululekile emithonjeni yamandla, ukwelula izitho. Okuhle kunazo zonke kulezi zinhloso ziyizicucu ezifanelekayo, eziyizakhiwo ezimbili ezinezitezi ezinhlangothi zombili. Izitaladi zezitaladi kufanele zibe ne-canopy ukuvikela izilwane ezifuywayo ezivela emvula nasemisebeni yelanga. 
Izimo zokushisa kwabamele abomndeni kufanele zipholile 17-23 ° C. Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo zingakwazi ukubekezelela isithwathwa ngokuvamile, kepha ngesikhathi sokushisa ziba buthakathaka futhi zizama ukufihla emthunzini wamakheji noma izindlu zazo. Umswakama ophezulu uphinde uthinte kabi impilo ye "Poltavtsy", ngakho-ke udinga ukuqapha isimo sodoti futhi usishintshe ngesikhathi. Ukuguqula umbhede kubalulekile futhi ekuhlanzeni umquba oqoqiwe, lapho izidumbu ziqala khona. Ilanga eliqondile lingathandeki kakhulu ezilwaneni ezingenakubekezelela ukushisa.
Thola ukuthi hlobo luni lwamakamelo ezinogwaja futhi okungcono ukukhetha. Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze ngezinyathelo zesinyathelo ngezinyathelo zokwenza i-rabbit cage usebenzisa indlela ye-Zolotukhin.
Ikhwalithi, umswakama kanye nejubane lokunyakaza kwemoya (umoya, uhlaka) kunethonya elikhulu empilweni yogwaja. Sekuphuthumayo ukuphefumula futhi sidlula ohlelweni lwayo lokuphefumula inqwaba yomoya omanzi noma izinto eziyingozi ezingase zixutshwe nezinto ezifakwe ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ekamelweni lapho amangqamuzana atholakala khona, ukusabalalisa umoya omile nokungabi khona kwemidwebo kufanele kuqinisekiswe (onogwaja abamba ubanda kubo). 
Usayizi welijensi wegridi engxenyeni engaphambili yesigcawu inqunyelwe ngezizathu zokuphepha, ukuze unogwaja ungalimazi umgudu wayo kanye nemikhawulo - igridi enezimvume zika 2.5 x 2.5 cm nge-1.8 kuya ku-2.5 mm isisindo sogesi ngokuvamile isetshenziswa. Izitsha zokuphuza kufanele zibe khona emgodini (ngisho noma ifomu elihle - ngokwesibonelo, kusuka ebhodleleni lepulasitiki elikhulu) futhi ufinyelele emgodini owenziwe ngezifiso noma ngokujwayelekile - kuye ngokuthi indawo yamaseli.
Funda mayelana nokwenza umsizi we-rabbit ngezandla zakho.
Imithetho yokunakekelwa
Ukwenza imithetho elula yokuhlanzeka kuzosiza onogwaja bakhule ngendlela evamile futhi bazizwe bekhululekile. Cishe kanye ngesonto kubalulekile ukufeza ukuhlanzwa nokuhlwithwa kwamangqamuzana alandelayo. Umshini uthatha indawo esikhundleni sokuthi ungcolisiwe, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, umswakama - njengoba kukhulunywe ngenhla, izilwane ezifuywayo azibekezelelanga umswakama owedlulele.
Kumele futhi ungeze amanzi amasha ngaso sonke isikhathi (noma usishintshe ngokuphelele emgodini wamanzi), susa izinsalela zokudla okungajwayelekile, ukuqapha izilwane, ukukhomba ukukhathazeka kwazo, nokususa izimbangela zayo ngesikhathi. 
Isilwane esisha esifika kufanele sibe sesigcawini okungenani izinsuku eziyi-14 ukuqedela isikhathi sokukhushulwa ngezifo ezithathelwanayo ezifolakalayo. Izinsuku ezintathu zokuqala zogwaja zithengiswa ngama-antibiotic. Uma kusolwa ukuthi isifo, noma yisiphi isilwane esizokwazi ukuphuma futhi sigcinwe ngokwehlukana ngaphansi kokuqapha okusheshayo.
Ukugonywa
Okufanelekile, onogwaja i-Poltava isiliva kufanele ibe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa njalo kwezilwane zezilwane - kuyilungu elibalulekile kokubili koboya nezimboni zokudla, nokuzalana. Izifo eziyinhloko yi-myxomatosis kanye nesifo esiyingozi, izigoma zokuqala ezibhekene nazo ezineminyaka eyi-1.5. Ngaphandle kokugoma, ama-antihistamine ahlinzekwa kunogwaja. Uma isilwane sisagula, khona-ke kubulawa nje ukuze isifo singasakazeki kulo lonke umhlambi. Abantu ababexhumana ngqo nabagulayo bathunyelwa ekuhlukaniseni.
Kubalulekile! Isidingo sokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kufanele sihambisane nodokotela wezilwane, ozonquma isimiso sokusebenzisa bese ukhetha isilinganiso esilungile.
Imithetho yokudla
Isilwane esinempilo kufanele sibe nesondlo esifanele, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukhethe ukudla kwabanogwaja, ucabangele izincomo zochwepheshe kanye nezici zezitshalo endaweni.
Yini engayenza
Abamele bobuhlanga abazithobeki nje kuphela kwezimo zezulu nezimo zokuboshwa, kodwa nokudla. Isiliva ye-Poltava idla noma yikuphi okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu, izithelo, izithelo, imifino, amahlumela kanye nohlaza obuluhlaza kanye nohlaza olumile. 
Lapho ukondla, cabangela izincomo ezilandelayo:
- utshani obusha noma obomile (hay) kufanele bube khona ekudleni nsuku zonke - lokhu okuyingxenye yokudla kusiza ekugubheni ukudla okunzima okunzima;
- awukwazi ukunqoba onogwaja nge okusanhlamvu - kunciphisa ukuzala, kuholele ekukhulupheni kanye nemisebenzi enciphise;
- kokubili amagatsha amancane nezinyathelo ezincane zezitshalo zokugaya amazinyo enogwaja kufanele abe emgodini.
Sikululeka ukuthi uthole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukunikeza i-peas, inambuzane, ummbila, umhlonyane, amagilebhisi, namagatsha e-cherry kunogwaja.
Yini engenakukudla
Akuwona wonke umkhiqizo ofanele onogwaja, kanti futhi akuwona wonke umthamo wemikhiqizo evunyelwe ukusebenza uma ubondla. Nazi amaphutha amakhulu nemingcele ekudleni:
- imikhiqizo enezinto ezinamaprotheni ayadingeka, kodwa kumele ibe yindalo yemvelo, ngakho-ke inqatshelwe ukunikeza "i-jelly";
- akuzona zonke izitshalo eziwusizo kulesi silwane - ohlwini olungavunyelwe kukhona amazambane amancane noma aluhlaza, iklabishi ebomvu, imifino yomndeni we-nightshade (utamatisi nesitshalo seqanda), ukhukhamba, anyanisi, isithombo sebhitrudi;
- izithelo ezingavamile ezifana ne-avocados, ama-mango, i-kiwis, njll. - ukuwasebenzisa ekudleni kungenangqondo kusuka ekubukeni kwezezimali;
- Ezinye okusanhlamvu zingalimaza impilo, futhi zingagcini - lezi zibandakanya i-millet, ilayisi, i-rye, njengoba zibamba isisu kanye nokwandisa inani lemfihlo yokucasha kuyo;
- i-peas eluhlaza, i-pea puree kanye ne-okusanhlamvu okwenziwe ngomumo akuyona into enogwaja;
- lapho kungabikho ukudlala, kufanelekile ukuhlukanisa lokho okubukeka kungakapheli, ngoba akuzona zonke izitshalo zokusika ezifanelekela ukudla izilwane - amakhambi ezinjenge-dope, i-celandine, utshani obuthongweni kanye nezinye ezingabangela ubuthi zingangena ekudleni;
- okusele etafuleni, ikakhulukazi ama-pastries, akufanele neze ukunikeza onogwaja.
Uyazi? Ngokusho kocwaningo, amehlo onogwaja angakwazi ukuhlukanisa imibala emibili kuphela - obomvu nokuluhlaza.
Izici ezizalisa izilwane ezincane
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwalesi sizalo kuza eneminyaka engaba ngu-4, emva kokufika lapho ehlala khona emgodini kuya kumfana. Ngaphambi kokubeletha udinga ukwazi amaqiniso alandelayo eziphilayo kusukela empilweni yogwaja:
- ubude be-estrus buyizinsuku ezingu-5, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-8 kuphindaphindiwe - lokhu kuyimbangela yokuzala okunomuthi wabanogwaja;
- Kunconywa ukuba owesilisa oyedwa abekwe amantombazane ama-5-6 abesifazane izinsuku ezimbalwa;
- Unogwaja omncane wezinhlobo zesiliva ze-Poltava ungaveza amalitha amahlanu ngonyaka, kanti inani lezinogwaja kulowo nalowo kungaba ngabantu abangu-8-12;
- Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2 emva kokuqothula, owesifazane usekulungele ukulingana okulandelayo;
- Amantombazane amnyama ngesikhathi ezalwa, kodwa ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa athola umbala wesiliva.
Ukukhulelwa kuka-rabbit kudlula cishe inyanga, emva kwalokho abantwana abazalwa bebalinganiselwa ku-75 g. Amagundane akhula ngokushesha ngokusekelwa njalo kwabesifazane, okuye kwathuthukisa izimo zasemakhaya - unamakhono okudla emvelo. Emasontweni angama-4-6 okuphila, abasha bahlukaniswa nomama futhi baqale ukuphila okuzimele, kancane kancane bajwayele izimo zokuboshwa nokudla komdlavuza omdala.
I-Poltava yesiliva uhlobo oluyingqayizivele, ukungathobeki, ukuhlanzeka, ikhwalithi yenyama kanye nezikhumba yizici eziyinhloko zokuthandwa kwabalimi. Futhi ukumelana okubandayo kwalokhu unogwaja kwenza kube lula ukukhulela ezweni cishe yonke indawo.
