Ngokuvamile abalimi bakhetha ukuthenga amathole amancane ukuze bakhule ngokuzimela kubo isilwane esinamandla futhi esinamandla, kuyilapho beqiniseka ngokudla kwemvelo. Lokhu kubalulekile kokubili lapho uzalisa amathole enyama, nalapho uphakamisa izinkomo zobisi, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwawo kwemikhiqizo. Ukuze ukwandise umgomo, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwesilwane kanye nommeleli walo, okwenzela umlimi we-novice kungaba umsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Ake sithole ukuthi singakhetha kanjani ummeleli omele wezindawo zobisi nezinyama, ngokucabangela izici zemikhakha ehlukene kulesi sihloko.
Injongo yokuthenga
Izinhloso eziyinhloko zokuthenga ithole zimbalwa kuphela: mhlawumbe zizohanjiswa ngenyama, futhi lapha sikhuluma ngamathole enkomo, noma kuzoshiywa ngenxa yokukhiqiza ubisi, futhi kubalulekile ukuthenga inkukhu encane.
Kubalulekile! Zonke izindinganiso zamanani zilinganiselwe, futhi izinkomba ezinembile kakhulu zokuzuza isisindo ziyoxhomekeka ezimweni kanye nokudla kwezilwane.
Kuzo zombili izimo, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezikwazi ukwanelisa noma yikuphi kwezidingo zomfuyi. Cabangela okuthandwa kakhulu. 
Bullhead for fattening (ukuhlatshwa inyama)
Ngokuvamile, lapho ukhulisa inkunzi yenyama, umlimi unesithakazelo ekutheni inzuzo yansuku zonke isisindo, kangangokuthi ngeminyaka eyi-1-1.5 kungenzeka ukunikela ngesilwane sokuhlatshwa futhi uthole inzuzo enkulu.
Funda ngezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zezinkunzi zezilwane kanye nezici zezinkunzi ezikhulayo ze-fattening.
Abaningi abameleli bemfuyo ene-fattening enamandla bayakwazi ukuthola ama-400-500 kg ngalesi sikhathi, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kunezibalo ezithobekile ze-350 kg. Izinkomba ezijwayelekile zohlobo zilethwa etafuleni elingezansi.
| Ukuzalwa | Isisindo ngesikhathi sokuzalwa (kg) | Inzuzo yansuku zonke yamathole (g) | Isisindo eneminyaka engama-1 nesigamu (kg) |
| Aberdeen-Angus | 25 | 800 | 350 |
| I-Whitehead yaseKazakh | 27 | 1000 | 400-450 |
| I-Hereford | 36 | 1200-1500 | 350-400 |
| Simmental | 44-46 | 900-110 | 350-400 |
| Sharolezskaya | ezingaphezu kuka-30 | 1000-1500 | 400 |
| Shorthorn | 35 | 1200-1500 | 450-500 |
| Golshtinsky | 45 | 900-1100 | 450 |
| Limousin | 35 | 1000 | 500 |
| I-Kalmyk | 30 | 1000 | 450-550 |
Intombazane enkomo
Akulula futhi ukukhetha intombazanyana encane ukulima okunye ukuze uthole ubisi. Abantu ababelethayo bashibhile, futhi usadinga ukuqonda ukuthi yiliphi uhlobo ozolikhetha, ucabangele izici zabo eziyinhloko nezidingo. Imikhiqizo emihle yobisi yendawo yethu iboniswa etafuleni elingezansi.
| Ukuzalwa | Ukukhiqizwa komlambo ngonyaka (t) | Okuqukethwe kwamanoni we-milk (%) | Okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni (%) |
| Black and motley | 5,0 | 3,7-3,9 | 3,2 |
| I-Red-motley | 4,15 | 3,96 | 3,4-3,7 |
| I-red steppe | 3,2-3,5 | 3,5-4,0 | 3,7-3,9 |
| I-Ayrshire | 8,5 | 4,28 | 3,44 |
| Isi-Dutch | 4,5 | 3,5-4 | 3-3,5 |
| I-Yaroslavskaya | 2,7-3,5 | 4,4-4,5 | 3,4-3,7 |
| Jersey | 3,0-3,5 | 5-6 | 4 |
| Kholmgorskaya | 3,5-4,0 | 3,6-3,7 | 3,3-3,4 |
Yiqiniso, inzalo ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo, kodwa uma yenza isinqumo sokugcina, kubalulekile ukugxila kwezinye izici zenkomo: itholakala ezimweni zokuboshwa nokudla, ukuzivikela kanye nokuvuthwa kokuqala kokuzivikela.Ngokuvamile, izinkomo eziphakeme kakhulu zifuna ukunakekelwa okufanele kumnikazi.
Indlela yokukhetha ithole lapho uthenga
Kunezinqubo eziningana okufanele ziqondiswe uma uthenga inkomo encane noma inkomo, kusukela ngezici zokubukeka nobudala. Umthengi kufanele futhi acabangele isizalo somthole futhi unake ukucabanga kwakhe okuncelisayo nokuphefumula.
Ubudala
Iminyaka ekahle yokuthenga izinkunzi zokunqotshwa kwezinyanga ziyizinyanga eziyi-1.5-2 kusukela ekuzalweni, lapho usuvele uhlola impilo yakhe. Ngesikhathi esidlule, izinsana zisenamandla futhi zingagula ezimweni ezintsha.
Ukuze ungalingani ngesikhathi sethole lapho uthenga, ngaso sonke isikhathi qaphela lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- Ukutholakala kwentambo yomlomo: uma likhona futhi lilenga - ithole alikho izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-10, noma kunjalo, phakathi kwabameleli besizwe saseHolstein, singakwazi ukuwa kuphela eneminyaka engamashumi amabili.
- Isimo samazinyo wesilwane esikhethiwe: Ingane inezinyosi ezingu-4 zobisi kusukela ekuzalweni, emva kwesonto ine-pair incisors yesithathu nesine, kanti ezinye izinsuku ezingu-7 kamuva i-molar molars ikhula (ngokungafani nezikhathi ezivamile, amasampula ebisi ahlale elula futhi elula). I-incisors ifinyelela ukuthuthukiswa kwayo ngokugcwele ezinyangeni ezingu-3-4, futhi ezinyangeni ezingu-4-5 ezinyangeni, izingwegwe kanye nohlangothi lwangaphakathi lwamazinyo aphakathi aqala ukugaya, futhi ukubonakala kokuqala kokugcina kwe-posterior kubonakala.
Ukubukeka
Ukubonakala kwethole kukwazi ukuveza isimo sakhe kungcono kunomnikazi. Uma isilwane esikhethiwe sisebenza, sijabulise futhi siyazibuza, futhi uboya obukuyo buhle kakhulu - lokhu kuyindlela efanele yokuthenga.
Kubalulekile! Ngesinye isikhathi, ukuze ufihle iminyaka yobudala benkomo noma ukuyihambisa ngokuphepha, abathengisi bangayinqamula intambo yomzimba, eyobonakala ngaphandle.
Ngezinye izikhathi amathole enempilo abuye atshele kubantu, kanti ababuthakathaka nabagulayo bayaqhubeka beqamba amanga ngaphandle kokubonisa noma yini.
Uma ungafuni ukusebenzisa amandla engeziwe nemali ekunakekeleni amathole abuthakathaka, kufanele ugweme izilwane nge:
- ubuyele emuva;
- wehlisa izindlebe;
- amehlo we-teary;
- khipha emakhaleni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo uthenge inkaba yethole ngaphambi kokuthenga. Ezilwaneni ezinempilo, akumele kube nokuvuvukala noma kubangele noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwengane - uma kwenzeka ukuphathwa kabi kwesilwane ngesikhathi sokuphunga, ngokuqinisekile kuyoqala ukukhakha, noma okungenani uzame ukudelela kuwe. 
Izifo zenkabazi zifuna njalo ukwelashwa, ngaphandle kwalokho ukutheleleka okukhona kungabangela ukuqoqwa kwesiguli esiswini kanye nokufa kwethole.
Uyazi? Izinkomo ziyakwazi ukuzwa ukudabuka nokukhala, njengabantu. Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu ethatha ithole elisanda kuzalwa, lingakhala ngokuqhubekayo amahora amaningana.
Amathole anenkabavu enkulu adinga ukunakwa okukhethekile (ekuzalweni okungaphezu kuka-18 mm phansi). Ezimweni ezingamaphesenti angu-90, zinezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezifweni ezihlukahlukene. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuba khona kwe-hernia embilical kungabangela ukulimala kwesilwane, yingakho izindleko zamathole ezinjalo zihlala ziphansi.
Ungabheka i-hernia ngokuphonsela insalela ye-navel ngaphakathi. Uma ngesikhathi esifanayo kungenzeka ukuba uphuthumele emgodini, kusho ukuthi ingane inemithi.
Inkomo yokuphefumula
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, qiniseka ukuthi unakekele uhlobo lwabantu abaphefumulayo. Ukuphuza okusheshayo nokuphefumula (izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-20 ngomzuzu) kubonisa ukwephulwa okungenzeka kwendlela yokuphefumula. Ukuze uhlole amaphaphu akho, thola ithole ukugijima epulazini imizuzu embalwa: uma iqala ukukhwehlela, khona-ke kusekhona izinkinga. 
Ungahlola ukukhwehlela ngokuhlola isimo sendandatho ye-tracheal: uzizwe umthambo wokuphefumula (ohlala phansi entanyeni) ngeminwe yakho, bese uyicindezela ngomusa bese uyidonsela phansi (chofoza).
Uma ingane iqala ukukhwehlela futhi isondo lizwakala, lokhu kubonisa isifo senqubo yokuphefumula. Ethintweni, i-trachea ifana nethubhu eliyindilinga futhi ingahle isuke eminwe.
I-sucking reflex
Ukuhlola i-reflex yokuncelisa ithole kuyindlela enhle yokuqinisekisa ukuthi unempilo. Beka ingane iminwe emibili emlonyeni wakho bese ubona ukuthi uzoqala kanjani ukuwaphuza ngenkuthalo: uma konke ukunyakaza kuhamba futhi ukushisa emlonyeni akuphakeme kakhulu, khona-ke lowo muntu angathengwa.
Izinkomo ezineminyaka eyi-1 kuya kwezingu-3 azilume, ngakho ungesabi ngalokhu.
Uyazi? Uma ungathathi ithole kusuka kwenkomo, angamondla ubisi lwakhe iminyaka emithathu.
I-Pedigree
Emapulazini amaningi amancane angasese, akudingekile ukuthi sincike emininingwaneni ethembekile ngokuphathelene nomuntu wesilwane esikhethiwe, ngoba ngisho noma kukhona imibhalo, ayilona ihlangene njalo neqiniso. 
Kodwa-ke, uma sikhuluma ngepulazi eqinisekisiwe enegama elihle, kufanele uqaphele amaphuzu alandelayo:
- ukukhiqiza umama (uma ubisi lwezinkomo luvuna ama-5500 amalitha ngonyaka, futhi isibonakaliso esifanayo sezinkomo emgqeni kayise sidlula ama-8500 amalitha, ngakho-ke noma kunjalo ingane ekhethiwe izokwazi ukukhiqiza kuphela okungama-500 l ngaphezu komama);
- Imigqa yesisu neyomzala ngaphezu kwezizukulwane eziningana akufanele ihlangane (gwema ukuvuvukala, ngoba ukuhlotshaniswa kwabazali kuyathinta impilo yezingane zabo).
Ukunamathela ezincomo ezinjalo ezilula, ungakwazi njalo ukukhetha ithole elihle kunoma yiluphi uhlobo. Kodwa-ke, indlela akhula ngayo incike ekunakekeleni kwakho nokudla okunempilo, okungafanele ukuyikhohlwa.
