Incazelo kanye nokutshala utamatisi "I-Golden Stream" yokuvuleka

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo zezitshalo, ezithandwa ngokushesha phakathi kwabalimi, zihlale kule ndawo iminyaka eminingana, bese zikhohliwe ngokuphepha. Futhi kunezinhlobonhlobo ezisesimweni "sokuthambekela" kwamashumi eminyaka amaningi. Akukhona ukuthuthukiswa okuhlukile okuphumelelayo kwabalimi. Utamatisi "I-Golden Stream" - enye yazo.

Okuqukethwe:

• Izithelo nezivuno
• Ukukhethwa kwezithombo
• Izimo ezikhulayo
• Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala
• Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
• Izifo nokuvimbela izinambuzane
• Ukuvuna nokugcina
• Izibuyekezo zeBanga

Incazelo ehlukahlukene

I-hybrid "I-Golden Stream" yahlonywa abakhiqizi baseKharkov e-Institute of Vegetable and Melon-Growing. Okokuqala, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zathola ukuthandwa eMoldova nase-Ukraine, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi kwaziwa eRussia, lapho cishe iminyaka eyishumi nengxenye kuye kwaholela ngokuqiniseka phakathi kwezintandokazi zabalimi.

"Ukusakaza kwegolide" - izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zakuqala. Izinyanga ezintathu emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, usuvele usenza isaladi yamatamatisi amasha. Ngaphandle kokubukeka okuhle, ukulibaleka, izithelo zinomdla omuhle kakhulu, zikhula kahle futhi zivuthwe cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Funda mayelana nesikhathi esenzelwe izenzakalo zengadini yamatamatisi ekhalendeni yenyanga.

Ikhomba izinhlobo ezinqunyiwe. Isihlahla sizocibilika ngaphambi kokuba kuvele ama-brushes angu-5-7, ngalesi sikhathi sifinyelela ukuphakama okungaphezu kuka-0.7 m. Ngemva kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sishiya ukusebenzisa amandla nemisebenzi ewusizo ukusetha ubukhulu balo obuluhlaza, futhi sishintsha ngokuphelele ekubunjweni nasekuthuthukiseni izithelo.

Utamatisi afanele ukusebenzisa okuhlaza, okulondoloziwe ngokuphelele, ngokulungiselela ama-juice neziphuzo zezithelo. Ezihlukahlukene ziphethe isitoreji nokuhamba kalula kalula.

Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kungenzeka ukuqoqa kusuka ku-1 sikwele. m kuya ku-10 kg utamatisi. Kufika ku-35 amathani kwezitshalo kungavuna kusuka ku-1 ha.

Phakathi kwezinzuzo ze "I-Stream Stream" yizinto ezilandelayo:

• isivuno esihle;
• ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane;
• kulula ukudlulisa nokugcinwa;
• ivumelaniswa nezimo zezulu ezahlukene;
• izithelo zikhula ngobukhulu obufanayo;
• efanelekayo ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene (okuluhlaza futhi okulondoloziwe).

Uyazi? UBotany ubheka utamatisi berry. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, iNkantolo Ephakeme yase-United States yakhipha isinqumo ngokusho ukuthi utamatisi uyimifino. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XXI, i-EU yayibiza ngokuthi isithelo. Uma siqala isikhundla se-EU ngalolu daba futhi sicabange izithelo zamatamatisi, kufanele kuthiwa lesi sithelo siqala kuqala emhlabeni ngokulima. Ukukhiqizwa kwetamatisi emhlabeni jikelele ngo-30% kudlula ivolumu yazo zonke ubhanana ezikhulile emhlabeni, okuhlala endaweni yesibili.

Izithelo nezivuno

Utamatisi ngobukhulu obuphakathi sikhula izingcezu ezingu-6-9 ku-shayela eyodwa. Banefomu elimise okwenziwe nge-plum, umbala omuhle ophuzi obomvu, cishe ama-imperceptible chambers (izingcezu ezingu-4-6) ngenani elincane lembewu. Izithelo isisindo - 65-80 g.

Inyama yinyene futhi iyamnandi, enezinto eziphakeme ze-carotene kanye nenkulu, njengamatamatisi, okuqukethwe okushukela - ngaphezu kuka-4%.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lesi sitshalo siqala ukuthela izithelo cishe amasonto angu-13 emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu. Kuye ngesilinganiso sesifunda sakho, izinga lokushisa lomoya kanye nesikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu, ungathola isitshalo sokuqala utamatisi ekupheleni kukaJuni.

Izinhlobonhlobo ezikhula kancane, nezinhlobo ezinamathele ezinotamatisi ezincane: "Isihlahla Esincane", "Isiqhumane Esisajingijolo", "Klusha", "Ushokolethi", "i-Rio Fuego", "i-Riddle", "i-Stolypin", "i-Sanka", "kubonakala ingabonakali", "ivila "," Bobkat "," Liana "," Newbie "," Umklamo we-Balcony "," Chio-Chio-San ".

Ukukhethwa kwezithombo

Uma ufuna ukuthola isivuno esihle sotamatisi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha izithombo ezifanele. Uma kunjalo, uma izithombo zingenalo ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu, ungayisindisa, kodwa kuzothatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo kokubili izitshalo zakho nawe.

Futhi-ke, izithombo ezinhle zekhwalithi zizokuthethelela okunye okushiwo ekunakekelweni futhi ngaphandle kwemiphumela kuzobe kukhuthaze amaphutha amancane ekukhuleni.

Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo kusuka esivinini esiqinisekisiwe esikahle kulokhu okuhlukahlukene. Kodwa akusibo bonke abalimi abanamakhadi ababaziyo abanjalo, ngakho-ke kufanele uye emakethe.

Kubalulekile! Ungathengi izithombo ngama-ovari. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele basuswe lapho befika.

Cabanga ukuthi ukuthenga izithombo emakethe njalo i-lottery. Hhayi iqiniso lokuthi unenhlanhla, futhi uzosuswa kumkhiqizi ohlakaniphile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uqale, khuluma nomthengisi wezinto zokutshala, mbuze ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, izici zalo.

Noma yimuphi umlimi, onomdlandla ngebhizinisi lakhe, okhulisa izithombo hhayi kakhulu kwimali engenayo "njengethando lobuciko", uzokunika ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngamatamatisi ozithandayo. Ngokuvamile, umuntu onomdlandla okunzima ukuyeka, kodwa cishe cishe amaphesenti angamaphesenti angathiwa ukuthi ufike endaweni efanele.

Manje ungaqhubeka ukuhlola idatha yangaphandle yezithombo:

1. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokutshala izithombo "Ukusakaza kwegolide" emhlabathini kungamaviki angu-8-9. Ukucabangela isikhathi osidingayo sokulungiselela imibhede, udinga ukuthenga izinto zokutshala ezinsukwini ezingama-50-55.
2. I-seedling ekahle kufanele ibheke into enjengale: ukuphakama - 26-30 cm, inani lamaqabunga - kusuka ku-7 ukuya ku-10.
3. Ubukhulu be-stem kufanele bube kusuka ku-0.6 kuya ku-0.8 mm, umbala obomvu ofanelwe, ngaphandle kwempawu zobomile.
4. Hlola ngokucophelela uhlelo lwempande lokuhlukanisa nezindawo ezomile. Kuyadingeka ukuthi izimpande zisesimweni somhlaba esomanzi.
5. Amahlamvu kufanele abe nesimo sokuziphatha esifanele, ngaphandle kokubola futhi ukulenga amaqabunga.
6. Uma unake umbala ogqamile kakhulu wamaqabunga, ngenkathi usalindelwe kuma-petioles abuthakathaka, cishe, uma ukhula ngobuningi obusetshenziselwa ukukhushulwa kokukhula. Kungcono ukungathengi izithombo ezinjalo.

Uyazi? Wafakazela ukuthi izinto eziwusizo kakhulu ezitholakala emifino eluhlaza. Mayelana namatamatisi, lesi sitatimende siyiqiniso kuphela. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-lycopene (i-antioxidant equkethe utamatisi) uma kushisa kukhishwa esitokisini sesisindo futhi kungcono kakhulu kunomzimba.

Izimo ezikhulayo

Ukuze utamatisi okhulayo ufanele umhlabathi onesihlabathi nge pH hlangothi (6.0-7.0). Utamatisi uzizwa kahle ezindaweni lapho izaqathe, u-anyanisi nama-beet sezikhulile. Kuyamukeleka kakhulu ukutshala isivuno ngemuva kokushukela kanye nekhukhamba. Kodwa emva kokudla, ithanga (ngaphandle kwekhukhamba) kanye nabalingani babo - utamatisi, kungcono ukungatshali isivuno, ngoba umhlaba usuvele unikeze zonke izakhi kulabo abandulele.

Ukulungisa umhlabathi utamatisi udinga ukuwa. Imibhede yesikhathi esizayo idinga ukumba, ususe ukhula futhi ugeze (nge-1 sq. M):

• humus - 6 kg;
• superphosphate - 50 g

Umanyolo wokutshala umhlabathi wokutshala izitshalo uzothatha (nge-1 sq. M):

• udoti (inkukhu noma amajuba) - 1 kg;
• umlotha oqoshiwe - 1 kg;
• ammonium sulfate - 25 g

Uma umhlabathi i-pH ingaphansi kuka-6.0, ekwindla, uma ukumba, i-lime e-slaked kufanele ifakwe, ngesilinganiso se-3 kg lama-lime ngamakhilomitha ayi-5 square. m wezwe.

Funda indlela yokunquma ubuhle be-asidi enhlabathini, indlela yokutshala inhlabathi, indlela yokulungisa inhlabathi izithombo zezotamatisi, indlela yokukhipha igciwane ngemithi emhlabeni.

Amagama ambalwa mayelana nezimo ezikhulayo lapho izitshalo zikhiqiza kakhulu:

1. Musa ukutshala utamatisi emhlabathini kuze kube yilapho kuqhuma okungenani + 14 ° C. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa lomoya lansuku zonke kufanele lenyuke ku-+24 ° С nangaphezulu, futhi ebusuku akufanele liwele ngezansi +15 ° С.
2. Utamatisi udinga ukuchelela okuvamile, okunamanzi (izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto enezimvula ezilinganiselayo).
3. Ukupholisa izimpande akufanele kuvunyelwe; uma kwenzeka ku-snap okubandayo, ukumboza izindawo ezungeze impande nge-mulch.
4. Imibhede kufanele ivikeleke emikhankanyeni kanye nelanga eliqondile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya okwanele.

Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala

Cishe izinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokutshala imbewu encane endaweni evulekile, imbewu itshalwa izithombo.

Isikhathi singanqunywa ngokunembile ngale ndlela elandelayo: kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi izinga lokushisa emoyeni esifundeni sakho lisetjenzeni elingenhla (ngesikhathi sosuku - +24 ° C nangaphezulu, ebusuku - hhayi ngezansi + 15 ° C), futhi inhlabathi ivuselela ngaphansi +14 ° C. Susa izinyanga ezimbili kusukela kulolu suku - lokhu kuzoba yisikhathi esilinganisiwe sokuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu kumele ilandelwe. Uma uthenge izinto zokutshala kumkhiqizi ohloniphekile, khona-ke udinga kuphela ukuhluma imbewu, sezivele zidlulisele konke okuphambili kokucubungula (ukuchithwa kwe-disinfection nokuqina).

Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, imbewu kufanele imiswe kahle. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, bayobola emhlabeni.

Uma imbewu ithengwe emakethe noma i-billet yakho, kufanele iqhutshwe.

Ukuqala, ukuchithwa kwe-disinfection kufanele kwenziwe:

1. Ngalokhu, sebenzisa i-1% isisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Izinto zokutshala zifakwa kwisisombululo imizuzu engu-15-25, bese ugeza ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
2. Isixazululo esifanelekayo nesi-0.5% se-sodium bicarbonate. Inqubo enjalo ingagcini nje kuphela, kodwa futhi inethonya elihle ekuhlungeni imbewu (gcina isisombululo ngamahora angu-20-22).
3. Isidakamizwa esithi "Fitosporin-M" yisinye ikhambi esisebenzele kahle ukwelashwa kwembewu. Yisebenzise ngokwemiyalo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokutshala imbewu yezotamatisi.

Isigaba esilandelayo ukulungiselela umhlabathi izithombo. Ungathenga ukuxuba okulungiselelwe esitolo, noma ungalungisa i-substrate ngokwakho:

• Hlanganisa izingxenye ezilinganayo ze-turf, i-peat nesihlabathi, ingxube kufanele ichithe ngalesi sixazululo: i-superphosphate - 20 g, i-potassium sulphate - i-10 g, i-urea-10 g (ngamaminithi angu-10 wamanzi afudumele);
• noma uthathe i-1/3 ingxenye yama-humus, i-peat kanye ne-turf, hlanganisa kahle, engeza u-10 g we-superphosphate kanye no-2 izinkomishi zomuthi wokhuni kuya ku-10 amalitha we-substrate.

Umhlabathi udinga ukwelashwa kwangaphambili, nanoma yikuphi - kungaba umhlaba kusukela engadini noma ingxube yesitolo esikhethekile.

1. Gcoba ungqimba ka 2-3 cm ebhodini lokubhaka bese uthumela kuhhavini imizuzu engu-20 (t - + 190-210 ° C).
2. Ukufudumala imizuzu emithathu kwimodi esiphezulu kuhhavini ye-microwave.
3. Hlanganisa ama-10 amalitha amanzi abilayo 1 tsp. ne-potassium permanganate slide, uthele umhlabathi olungiselelwe ngesisombululo esilandelayo (izitsha zamapulasitiki ezinama-5-6 ngezimbobo ezenziwe phansi zingasetshenziselwa ukukhipha amanzi).

Indlela yokukhipha imishanguzo enhlabathini ngomhlabathi izithombo: ividiyo

Ngemva kokuba imbewu nenhlabathi sezilungele, ungaqala ukutshala. Isitsha esilungiselelwe izithombo (amabhokisi, iziqukathi zeplastiki, njll) igcwele i-substrate ngesonto ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu. Inhlabathi idinga izinsuku ezimbalwa ukulala phansi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela inhlabathi kumele ihambiswe kancane.

Ebusweni bomhlabathi, yenza izimpungushe ngokujula kwe-10-15 mm. Kuzo ebangeni elingama-2-2.5 cm komunye nomunye, beka imbewu, ufafaze phezulu nge-substrate.

Iziqukathi zembewu zimboza ifilimu, izokwakha i-microclimate oyifunayo. Ukushisa okungenani okungenani kwomoya lapho izithombo kufanele zikhule khona +24 ° С. Vula i-foil nsuku zonke imizuzu engu-5-7 ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza komoya. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, ikhava yefilimu isusiwe ngokuphelele.

Uyazi? Utamatisi kuhle kakhulu ekudleni iziguli zesifo sikashukela. Zinezinhlobo eziningi ze-chromium, ezidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushukela egazini legazi.

Utamatisi ukuhlwanyela: ividiyo

Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa

Izithombo zizwela kakhulu emanzini omhlabathi. Qiniseka ukuthi umhlaba awumile. Uma ubuso bomhlabathi bomile - sebenzisa umshanelo.

Nokho, akunakwenzeka ukukhukhula amahlumela. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukubeka izithombo endaweni enokushisa okuphezulu (eduze kwama-fitolamps noma amabhethri) ngokumiswa okusheshayo kwenhlabathi. Emva kweqabunga lesithathu livela, amahlumela adingeka ukuthi adibe - shiya ezinamandla kunazo zonke, ubeke kancane wonke.

Ungavumeli ama-drafts. Khokha ngokukhethekile leli phuzu uma amathangi okuhlala efasiteleni.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungakhetha kanjani isikhathi sokuhlwanyela utamatisi, ukunakekela kanjani izithombo utamatisi, indlela yokukhetha utamatisi ngendlela efanele, indlela yokudla izithombo utamatisi lapho ukutshala utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile.

Amahlumela adinga ukuqina. Uma kuzoba nesimo sezulu esingenamafutha, vula ifasitela imizuzu engu-6-8, ungathatha izitshalo ebhodini noma emgwaqweni. Kubalulekile ukuphinda njalo le nqubo, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukudweba izithombo kunqatshelwe ngokulinganayo.

Uma izithombo zakho zifinyelela kulezi zimo ezingenhla (ukuphakama - 26-30 cm, amahlamvu angaba ngu-10), kufanele itshalwe emhlabathini. Umhlabathi kanye nemibhede ngalesi sikhathi kufanele ulungele kakade. Uma usupholile ngaphandle, ungasebenzisa ifilimu engadini ukudala ikhava.

Ngaphambi kokutshala, qiniseka ukuthi unzima ngosuku, ukwandisa isikhathi sokuhlala, ngaphandle kwalokho izithombo zizoshiswa yilanga futhi ngeke ziphuluke

Futhi unganciphisa ukukhula kwezithombo, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kanye nokushisa kwomoya okungenani. Le nqubo ayinabungozi, kuphela izinqubo zokuxilonga ezitshalweni esitshalweni okwenyuka kancane.

Umbhede kufanele uhlelwe ngale ndlela.:

1. Izihlahla ezihlelwe ngokuhleleka. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla emgqeni ofanayo - 0.3m, ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa eliseduze (ngaphakathi kwemibhede efanayo) - 0.4 m.
2. Emakhasini akhethwe izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala, ukumba izimbobo ngendlela yokuthi zivumelane nesihlahla nge-clod yomhlaba. Imithombo kumele ichithe ngamanzi abilayo nge-potassium permanganate (1 tsp. Ngama-10 amalitha amanzi). Bese uchitha amanzi afudumele ajwayelekile futhi umboze ngefilimu yegadi.

Hlola uhlelo lokutshala utamatisi.

Uma kufika isikhathi sokutshala izithombo emibhedeni, ngokucophelela, ukuze ungalimazi izimpande, susa izithombo emabhokisini.

1. Emgodini olungiselelwe udinga ukufaka ngokucophelela isithombo, ukuze intamo impande ingaphezu kwenhlabathi.
2. Imifucumfucu lapho ukutshala akufanele ibekwe ngokujulile, umhlabathi ngokujulile kungenzeka ukuthi awufudumala.
3. I-sapling kumele ifafaze ngenhlabathi, ilula kancane phansi ngezandla zayo.

Izithombo zamatamatisi kufanele zitshalwe uma kungabikho usongo lweqhwa.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile ezihlukahlukene zingacatshangwa ukuphakama okuncane, okuyinto evumela ukuba ingasetshenziswa ekuhlungeni, kanye nesakhiwo sayo esiyinkimbinkimbi, ngenxa yokuthi isihlahla asidingi ukwakheka. Ngokushesha nje lapho isihlahla sifinyelela esilinganisweni salo, sizoyeka ukukhula phezulu ngaphandle kokukucindezela ngenkinga engadingekile.

Nakuba isihlahla asikho ukukhula okukhulu, i-garter ngeke ibe yinto engafaneleki. Kungenzeka ukufaka ama-tapestries, futhi kungenzeka ukwakha ukuma ngakunye eduze kwesihlahla ngasinye. I-Garter iyadingeka, okokuqala, ukuze kube lula esitshalweni ukuthi imelane nokuqina kwesithelo ngesikhathi sokuvuna okukhulu.

Kubalulekile! Ukudlula kuyadingeka kuphela ezimweni zokutamatisi ezikhulayo ezindaweni lapho kunokushintsha okungazelelwe, ngokuzumayo kwezimo zezulu.

Njalo kwezinsuku ezintathu kuyadingeka ukuwazisa utamatisi ngamanzi afudumele, emva kwalokho okudingekayo ukuba uphuqule umhlabathi ukuze ungahlanganiswa ne-crust. Kanye nokukhipha kufanele kukhula imibhede.

Utamatisi kufanele anisele empandeni, ukuze ugweme izifo, landela ukuthi umswakama awuhlali emaphepheni

Emasontweni amathathu okuqala, ukujula kwenhlabathi kuyadlula cishe ngu-10 cm. Khona-ke kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukujula kube ngu-5-7 cm, njengoba izimpande zikhula, futhi ukungena kwenhlabathi ngokweqile kungabalimaza.

Emva kwamasonto amathathu emva kokufika emhlabathini, lapho lesi sitshalo sesizozizwa sithembele endaweni entsha, ngemuva kokukhipha umhlabathi, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa isihlahla. Le nqubo izokwenza isimo sezulu esifanele izimpande futhi ifake ekukhuleni kwabo okusebenzayo.

Ukuze ukukhula okujwayelekile nokuhluma, utamatisi udliwe izikhathi ezintathu. Isikhathi sokuqala - izinsuku ezingu-15 ngemuva kokufika emhlabathini. Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwama-ovari kwenza ukondla kwesibili. Lapho nje izithelo ziqala ukuvuthwa, umanyolo usetshenziselwa okwesithathu.

Funda indlela yokudla utamatisi ngesikhatsi fruiting.

Ukudla kokuqala, i-ammonium nitrate ingasetshenziswa (30 g ngam 20 l amanzi). Isidingo sesitshalo esisodwa siphezu kwe-0.5 l yesisombululo.

Okwesibili, ukudla nge-superphosphate (15 g) ne-potassium chloride (7 g) kufanelekile. Ukusebenzisa umanyolo, kubalulekile ukwenza amathanga angama-longitudinal 5 cm ejulile emibhede, 25 cm kusuka ezihlahleni zamatamatisi. Kufanele afake ngokulinganayo umquba, futhi afafaze phezulu ngenhlabathi enomanzi.

Okwesithathu wenza i-ammonium nitrate, esilinganisweni esifanayo sokuqala.

Kuhle ukupheka ne-mullein, kodwa kufanele ibole, ngaphandle kwalokho ukutholakala kwayo kuyothinta ukunambitheka kotamatisi. Hlanganisa u-5 kg ​​wamanyolo ngamalitha angu-25 wamanzi, vumela ukuthi ubhalele amaviki amabili. Hlanganisa umkhiqizo ophumela emanzini (1:20) - manzi izitshalo ngalesi suluzo (1 l ehlathini ngalinye).

Ngemva kokuphuma, utamatisi udliwe nge-nitrogen, i-potassium ne-magnesium. Esikhathini lapho izithelo ziqala ukwakha, ungenza i-ammonium nitrate.

Uyazi? Omunye utamatisi omkhulu uqukethe cishe 2/3 yesidingo samuntu nsuku zonke se-ascorbic acid.

Izifo nokuvimbela izinambuzane

Ngeshwa, utamatisi uhlaselwa yizo zonke izinambuzane nezinye izifo.

• I-Colorado beetle. I-parasite iyingozi kakhulu ezitshalweni, ibhubhisa amahlamvu kanye ne-ovary. Ukulwa nalezi zinambuzane, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene zokubulala izinambuzane ("Bankol", "Bombardier", "Isivunguvungu", njll) okufanele isetshenziswe ngokuya imiyalelo. Kusukela kumakhambi omuntu kungabizwa kanje: ukuphalaza ukumnika umlotha nomhlonyane, i-tincture yabantu abadala aseColorado bezilwane, impova ye-birch izitshalo zomlotha ngesikhathi sezimbali.
• Medvedka. I-parasite eyingozi - umthandi utamatisi. Обитает во влажных унавоженных почвах. Угроза для растений исходит и от личинок, и от взрослых насекомых.Ama-parasites agoba izimbobo, aqoqe izimpande zotamatisi, abangele ukulimala okungenakuqhathaniswa. Ukubhujiswa, sebenzisa i- "Confidor", "Bowerin", "iMedvetoks" ngokwemiyalo. Kusukela ku-agrotechnical kusho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa okufana nalokhu: ukukhulula njalo emkhatsini wezihlahla kanye nemibhede (ngaleyo ndlela ubhubhisa ama-egg-laying of insects), gwema ukusebenzisa umquba. Ungatshala ama-marigolds azungeze amahlathi - izinambuzane zama ukungazifihli.
• I-wireworm. Enye inkathazo ethinta izimpande kanye neziqu zamatamatisi. Ekulwa nalo kusebenza kahle "Basudin". Lesi sidakamizwa sixubene nesihlabathi, silele emiphakathini engajulile eduze kwehlathi futhi sifafazwe umhlaba.
• Hamba ngesitamatisi. Isibungu kuqala sidla iziqongo zezitshalo, bese siya ovary. Uyesaba kakhulu ukupompela ukukhipha i-garlic.

Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezithinta utamatisi zihlanganisa phyllossticosis, indawo emhlophe, umlenze omnyama.

• Ukubala okumhlophe. Isibonakaliso sokwempawu - izindawo ezinomvutha emaqabungeni, esanda kuncipha. Phatha isitshalo esibulalayo ngokupompa ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux (10 g ngalinye ngamanzi ayi-10 l). Njengoba i-pathogen ihlala emagqabeni anesifo, wonke amaqabunga omnyaka odlule kufanele asuswe futhi ashiswe.
• Umlenze omnyama. Isifo esiyingozi se-fungal. Ngaphambi kokutshala, inhlabathi kufanele ilashwe nge-sulfur colloidal (0.005 g ngalinye 1 sq. M) nesisombululo se-potassium permanganate (1 tsp. Ngamabhakede amanzi).
• I-Phyllosticosis Kuboniswe emaqabunga phansi kwehlathi. Ingaphezulu yeshidi ingumbala wokugqwala, ngakolunye uhlangothi umthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amahlamvu abuna futhi awa. Uma utamatisi ukhula endaweni yokushisa, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umswakama emoyeni ube ngu-55-58%. Ukuphalaza okuphakanyisiwe kwe-sulphate yethusi (100 g ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi).

Kubalulekile! "Ukugeleza kwegolide" kunqanda kakhulu izifo. Ngenxa yokuvuthwa kwakhe kusencane, umane nje akanaso isikhathi sokutheleleka ngezinye zezifo, isibonelo, ukulimala kwesikhathi.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Ekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJune, ungajabulela izithelo ezinhle zegolide. Izinhlobo zakuqala ze-Ultra ziqala ukuthela izithelo ngokushesha, ngesikhathi esisodwa. Awufaneki nokuvuthwa kancane kancane, uma kuhlathini olulodwa kukhona izithelo zamazinga ahlukene okuvuthwa - kusuka eluhlaza okwedlulele ukuvuthwa.

Uma ufuna ukunweba isikhathi se-fruiting, utamatisi kufanele kuvunyiwe angavuthiwe, ekuthiwa yizinga lobuchwepheshe lokuvuthwa. Izithelo eziqoqiwe kulesi sigaba zizofinyelela futhi ngeke zihluke nganoma iyiphi indlela kusuka eziqoqiwe ezivuthiwe ngokuphelele.

Kodwa, emva kokuvuna ngemifino, uzokhulula imithombo yezitshalo. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa amandla ekuvuthweni kwetamatisi (okuvuthiwe ngokuphelele futhi ngokuzimela), isihlahla sizobaqondisa ekwakheni ama-ovaries amasha.

Utamatisi ungalungiswa u-adjika, utamatisi ujusi, utamatisi, utamatisi oqoshiwe, amasaladi, utamatisi e-jelly.

Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa, izitshalo ziyancipha izinqubo zazo ze-metabolic, futhi zizofa ngokushesha. Ngalesi sikhathi kuyadingeka ukuqoqa sonke isitshalo esisele, ngaphandle kwalokho izithelo ezihlahleni ziyophazamiseka.

Zonke utamatisi zizwela kakhulu emakhazeni. Uma kunjalo, uma izinga lokushisa ebusuku lihlehla ku-5 ° C, futhi isitshalo sinezithelo, asisakhula.

Uma iqhwa "lisempumeni" futhi kusekhona izithelo ezihlahleni, ungaqhubeka kanje:

1. Izitshalo zitholwa ngaphandle kwensimu njengenhlangano yonke, kanye nenqubo yezimpande.
2. Izitshalo nezithelo zifakwe enqwabeni ngokuphakama kwe-0.7-0.9 m, zonke izimpande kufanele ziqondiswe ngendlela eyodwa.
3. Izinqwaba ezifakiwe zihlanganiswa ngotshani bese zihamba. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-12, ezinye utamatisi ziyovuthwa, kumele zisuswe esihlahleni, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze zisuse noma zilimale.

Ngakho-ke kuze kube yilapho zonke izithelo zivuthwa.

Uyazi? Ukwakheka utamatisi okungaphezu kuka 90% ngamanzi. Uma ufuna ngempela ukuphonsa amakhilogremu ambalwa, lesi sithelo siyadingeka kuwe. Icebile ku-fiber, enegalelo elizuzayo kumgudu wokugaya ukudla, ne-potassium, okusiza ukukhipha uketshezi okwedlulele kanye nobuthe emzimbeni.

Ungashiya utamatisi phansi kwe-greenhouse, ubeke ifilimu engadini ngaphansi kwabo, futhi uwahlanganise ne-hay phezulu. Ukushisa okunconywayo kungama-16-23 ° C. Ukungcola komoya - 70-80%. Ukuvunguza kwe-greenhouse kumele kugcobe nge-lime ukuze ilanga elishisayo lingashisi utamatisi.

Beautiful, original futhi ngokuphelele ukunganaki ekunakekeleni utamatisi, akumangazi ngokushesha ngokushesha wathola ukuthandwa. Abalimi bamasango bathi "i-Golden Stream" izokwazi ukukhula ngisho nomuntu oqala ukuqala. Futhi uma ufaka kulezi zimpawu ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, ukuvuthwa okukhulu kokuqala, ukumelana nezifo nokuhlukahluka kwezinto ezihlukahlukene, konke ukungabaza kuyanyamalala - udinga nje ukukhulisa lesi simangaliso esimangalisa ensimini yakho.

Izibuyekezo zeBanga