Ngaphambili, izinkukhu zaseBrahma zazixabiswa kakhulu ngabalimi bezinkukhu ezifuywayo ngenxa yezici zabo ezinhle kakhulu zenyama. Zihlukaniswa ngenyama enhle kakhulu, ithenda, inyama yokudla. Ukubukeka kwabo okuhle kuhlobo lwebhonasi, okuletha injabulo yobuhle kubanikazi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yizici ezihlobisa izinyoni zalolu hlobo oluphuma phezulu, ngakho-ke namuhla izinkukhu zikaBranaman zivame ukuvuthwa njengezinhlobonhlobo nezenyama. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isinqumo ngokuzalana kwalesi sizwe kufanele sijwayele izici zabo.
Umlando wokubeletha
Izinkukhu zaseBrahma basuswa isikhathi eside futhi babhaliswa ngokomthetho ngo-1874 eNyakatho Melika. Bavela ekudlukeni kwezinhlobo ezimbili - iMalaysia neKokhinhinsky. Owokuqala wawuvezwe yizinhlamvu zawo ezinhle nokulwa, owesibili - izinga elihle kakhulu lenyama. Ngenxa yalokho, abalimi bakwazi ukuletha inyama enhle.
Izakhamuzi zaseRussia zazihlangana kuqala nezinkukhu zeBrama esikhathini se-XIX leminyaka. Sekuyisikhathi eside bebhekwa njengabantu ngabanye. Ekhulwini lama-20, lolu hlobo lwaluphakathi kwezinyoni ezinhlanu ezivame kakhulu ezifuywayo. Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-roost angafinyelela isisindo esingu-7 kg.
Uma ukhula izinkukhu inyama, qaphela i-Jersey Giant, i-Plymouthrock, i-Orpington, i-Fireol, i-Cornish, isihlobo esikhulu se-Hungarian.
Isisindo esikhulu sanikeza ngisho nezinkinga eziningi, ngoba kwakunzima izinyoni ukuba zibambe emilenzeni emincane. Namuhla, ziyakhula ngokuya ngenxa yezici zokuhlobisa. Ngenxa yokuxubana nezinye izinhlobo, baye balahlekelwa inani lemfuyo yezinkukhu (njengezinhlobo zenyama).
Uyazi? Izinkukhu zasemakhaya zivela kumaBhange angendle aseAsia. Idatha yakamuva evela ososayensi ifakazela ukuthi ukukhishwa kwezinyoni kwenzeka eminyakeni engaba ngu-6-8 000 eyedlule ensimini ye-Southeast Asia neChina.
Izici zobunjwa
Izici zangaphandle zezinkukhu ze-Brahma zenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa nezinye izinkukhu. Zibonakala nge:
- ukuhleleka okuhle;
- umzimba omkhulu onamafutha;
- isifuba nesisu;
- i-scallop encane emakhazeni ngesimo se-pod ngaphandle kwamazinyo ngokucacile;
- amehlo abomvu-orange;
- imilenze egcwele ngamaphiko;
- isikhumba esiphuzi;
- umlomo omfushane omfushane wombala ophuzi;
- amacici abomvu nama-earlobes;
- ipulazi elimibalabala;
- izinkukhu zifinyelela isisindo sika 3.5-4 kg, ama-4.5-5 kg.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda
Ngesisindo somzimba wezinkukhu eziyizinkukhu eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu Amaqanda angu-100-120 ngonyaka. Isisindo sesilinganiso seqanda ngalinye liyi-50-65 g.
Izinkukhu ezibekwe amaqanda eBrahma ziqala ezinyangeni ezingu-9 ubudala. Ukunciphisa ukukhiqiza ngesikhathi sebusika akubalulekile. Ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kwenzeka lapho isikhukhu sifinyelela eminyakeni emibili.
Kubalulekile! Uma kuzaliswa izinkukhu ngenhloso yokuthola amaqanda, umuntu kufanele aqaphele ukuthi izinga lokukhiqizwa kweqanda lithonywe yizinto ezinjengale minyaka yobudala, izimo zezindlu, izinga lokudla, kanye nenkathi.
Imvelo yenkukhu
Ubumnene bezinyoni kunezici ezilandelayo:
- ukuthukuthela;
- i-phlegm;
- ukuzithokozisa;
- umlutha kumuntu.
Izinhlobo zohlobo
Namuhla, izinhlobo ezine ze-hen i-Brama zivuthwe, ezihlukile embala wezinhlanzi zazo:
- i-partridge;
- i-fawn;
- ukukhanya;
- mnyama
Kuropatchataya
I-plumage eyinhloko ye-subspecies ye-parturd yombala okhanyayo okhanyayo nomdwebo kathathu wezinpaphe ezimnyama nasegreyini. Ama-roosters anombala obomvu nombala we-orange wekhanda nangemuva, isisu nesilenzeni kukhona abamnyama nge-tints eluhlaza.
I-partridge ebeka izinkukhu ibeka amaqanda ngegobolondo elibomvu elimnyama ezindaweni ezinzima ezimnyama.
Funda ukuthi ukwandisa kanjani ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ebusika, kungani izinkukhu zithwala amaqanda amancane, yiziphi amavithamini ezinkukhu ezidingekayo zokubeka izinkukhu, ukuthi ungabheka kanjani amaqanda amasha, ukuthi kungani izinkukhu zishaya amaqanda.
I-fawn (i-buff)
Umbala oyinhloko we-plumage uyinundu emhlophe nge-golden hue. Abamele abesilisa banomsoco omnyama. Bobabili ubulili banekhola emnyama. Izimpaphe entanyeni zimnyama. Ngombala obomvu nokuphela komsila. Amehlo ane iris ebomvu-iris.
Izinkukhu zizalwa ziphuzi noma zimnyama.
Zijwayele ngemithetho yokufaka amaqanda ezinkukhu, ukupha izinkukhu ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwazo, ukukhulisa izingane zabo, ukuvimbela izifo nokuphatha izinkukhu.
Ukukhanya
Inhlobo enezimpuphu zokukhanya ibizwa nangokuthi i-Colombian. Iphunga layo liyi-silvery-white. Fly amaphiko nomsila ekupheleni kukhona abamnyama.
Kukhona umdwebo omnyama ngesimo sekholomu entanyeni. Izigqoko zinemivimbo emnyama emagqabeni e-lumbar, ezinkukhu azikho imivimbo enjalo. Ukuqhuma kuyinto enhle kakhulu.
Uyazi? Izithombe zezinkukhu zitholwe ethuneni likaTutankhamen, okusolakala ukuthi lakhiwa ngo-1350 BC. i-er EGibhithe, abavubukuli baphumelela ukuthola izinsalela zezinkukhu, ezitholakala eminyakeni engu-685-525 BC. i-er
Umnyama
Izingqimba zamnyama zohlobo lwe-Brahma luboniswa iphethini eliyinkimbinkimbi ye-plumage. Imivimbo emnyama emaphethelweni wempaphe, enikeza umzimba wezinyoni umbala othakazelisayo kakhulu. Inhloko ingumhlophe obumhlophe. Izimpaphe entanyeni zimnyama ezimhlophe.
Izakhiwo zemibala elula. Ikhanda lidwetshiwe ngesiliva-elimhlophe nge-splashes emnyama. Ezinye izingxenye zomzimba zinomnyama nge-tints eluhlaza.
Ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa, izinkukhu zase-Araukan, i-Ayam Tsemani, i-Hamburg, iShayina Silk, iSibrayt, i-Aurora Blue, i-Gudan iyakhiwa.
Amathiphu okudla izinkukhu
Ukufeza inqwaba yezinkukhu, ukubukeka kwabo okunempilo nokuhlwabusayo, hhayi inyama enzima, kubalulekile ukukhetha ukudla okulinganiselayo. Nazi ezinye iziphakamiso zokuthi ungondla kanjani izinyoni zaseBrahma ngokunembile:
- Uma kugcinwa izinkukhu kunconywa ukuba uhlele ukudla okuyisithathu ngosuku. Izinyoni kufanele zondliwe ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke.
- Kunconywa ukuba ulandele iphethini elilandelayo lokudla: ekuseni - ukudla okusanhlamvu, ukudla kwasemini - inkomishi emanzi ngokufaka amanzi noma umhluzi, imifino, kusihlwa - ukudla kokusanhlamvu.
- Ukudla kufanele kube nezinxenye ezilandelayo: okusanhlamvu, i-bran, imifino, isidlo sezinhlanzi, udoki, usawoti. Isisekelo semenyu kufanele sibe okusanhlamvu.
- I-ration yansuku zonke cishe ingabheka kanje: okusanhlamvu - 50-55 g, imishini emanzi - 30 g, amazambane abilisiwe - 100 g, ufulawa lwamafreyimu - 10 g, ugoli - 3 g, isidlo senyama - 2 g, usawoti - 0.5 g Ebusika, inani lokudla kumele likhule kancane (ngokusekelwe ezidingo zenyoni).
- Ku-cocken yenkukhu kanye nokuhamba, kufanele ubeke umkhumbi ohlukile lapho ungafaka khona isihlabathi somfula noma igrafu elincane. Lezi zakhi ziyadingeka ukuze kusebenze kahle kwezinyoni zezinyosi.
- Izinga lokudla kwansuku zonke kufanele libe ne-15 g amaprotheni, ama-4 g wamafutha kanye nama-50 g we-carbohydrate.
- Kubalulekile ukushintsha imenyu ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze ukondla akusizi.
- Ukutholakala njalo kwezinyoni kufanele kube isitsha sokuphuza ngamanzi amasha ekamelweni lokushisa.
- Ukugqugquzela izinkukhu kumsebenzi wemoto, udinga ukuthululela u-10% wezinkampani zansuku zonke phansi.
- Izithako zamaminerali ne-calcium ekubunjweni kufanele zifakwe emgodini ohlukile.
Kubalulekile! Umlimi kufanele alandele ngokuqinile izincomo kumqulu wokudla wezinkukhu. Inyoni ehlala ingadli kahle noma eyedlulele ngokweqile iyoba nokugula kakhulu. Ngokuba uhlobo lweBrahma lubhekene nesifo esinjengokukhuluphala, ngakho-ke kufanele uqaphele ngokukhethekile.
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Ukuphumelela ngempumelelo izinkukhu ze-Brahma ngeke zidinge izimo ezikhethekile. Banezinkukhu zezinkukhu ezihlomile nendawo yokuhamba. Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokugcinwa nokunakekela:
- Imilenze yemifula neye-shaggy ivumela izinyoni ukuba zikwazi ukuhlala kalula ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi futhi zihlale endlini engenazinyosi.
- In inkukhu inkukhu, izinyoni kufanele agcinwe ngesilinganiso 2-3 abantu per 1 square metre. m square. Ukweqa ngokweqile kusongela ngezifo eziningi.
- Ekamelweni lapho izinyoni zihlala khona, ukuhlanzeka nokumelela kumele kugcinwe, futhi ukuguqulwa kwezilonda nokuguqulwa kwamanzi kufanele kwenziwe, kuhlanganise nabanikazi bokuphuza kanye nabaphuzayo.
- I-cofu kufanele ifakwe uhlelo oluhle lokuphumula umoya. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ikamelo kufanele libe okungenani iwindi elilodwa.
- Ubude bosuku obuphakanyisiwe ngamahora angu-14. Ebusika, igumbi kufanele libeke ukukhanya okungeziwe.
- Kule nkampani kufanele kube khona izici eziphoqelekile: abaxhasi, abaphuza, izidleke, izibhebhe, ama-perches. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi, ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu, izinkukhu ze-Brahms zinzima kakhudlwana ukukhuphuka ama-perches, ngakho-ke kubo kuzodingeka ubeke imibhede ephezulu emgqeni ongqimba.
- Emgodini ovulekile womuntu ngamunye kumele ube yi-1 square. m square.
- Ku-aviary kumele ibe yindawo yokudlela kanye nabaphuza. I-canopy iyadingeka.
Kubalulekile! Naphezu kokuthi i-Brahma ye-broods ihlukaniswa isisindo esihle somama, izilwane ezincane zinconywa ukuthi zihlanjululwe yizikhukhula, ngoba kunezimo lapho izinyoni ezinkulu zichoboza amaqanda azo.
Izinzuzo nokungalungi
Lolu hlobo lunezikhwepha zalo kanye nezinselelo ezincane.
Izinzuzo:
- ingaphandle enhle;
- amathuba okuzalela ezindaweni ezibandayo;
- ikhwalithi enhle yokudla inyama enambitheka kakhulu;
- ukunakekelwa okungazenzisi;
- isemvelo esakhiwe kahle kamama;
- ukuthukuthela.
- ukuvuthwa kwekwephuzile;
- izifo ezivamile kubantu abasha.
Ukuzalwa kwezinkukhu Brahma: ividiyo
Ama-Brahma breed: ukubuyekezwa
Kukhona abalimi bezinkukhu ababhekana nenyoni ngokujulile futhi bagcine izinkukhu ezinkulu kuphela, njengokungathi zisekela umkhuba wenyama kulolu hlobo, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu kubo. Njengomthetho, i-Brahma yesimanje yi-3-4 kg yama-roosters nezinkukhu kancane kancane. Ngesikhathi esisodwa, i-Brahma ithathwe kumuntu oyinamateur ngalesi sizwe, futhi walethe inyoni esuka emazweni angaphandle, ama-roosters ayi-6 kg ngayinye.
