Muva nje, izivande zangasese ziye zanda kakhulu ezivini zasendlini, njengama-blackberries, nakuba indawo ejwayelekile yale berry isemahlathini. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuzithoba ekunakekeleni, futhi zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zinemithi yokwelapha, kuyacaca ukuthi kungani abalimi be-amateur bakhetha i-blackberry. Nakuba lesi sitshalo sine-thermophilic, singalinywa ngisho nasezimo zaseSiberia. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukhethe izinhlobo ezinqabile zama-frost, ulungise kahle indawo yokutshala kwazo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi unakekelwa kahle. Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngezansi.
Izinhlobo ze-blackberry ezinamakhaza
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-blackberries ezinokumelana nokuqina kwamaqhwa, okuyinto eyamukelekayo ukukhula emazweni aqinile aseSiberia.
Phakathi kwabo, odume kakhulu yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- "Black Satin" - enye yezitshalo ezingapheli ezingapheli ezingakhula yonke indawo. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula ngokuqinile, ngezinye izikhathi zifinyelela kumamitha angu-5-7 ukuphakama futhi azikho neze zameva. Njengoba ikhula ngamamitha angama-1 nengxenye, iqala ukuhamba ngokuhamba phansi. Njalo ngonyaka ku-shrub kubonakala ukukhula okwanele, kuyilapho uhlelo lwaso lwempande lunganda. Izithelo ziyi-ovate-ixubile. Izisindo ezilinganiselwe zamajikijolo - kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-7 amagremu. Ziqoqwe ngezibhamu eziyizingcezu ezingu-10-15. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, izithelo zinombala omnyama omangalisayo, zijabulela ukunambitheka, okumuncu. Uma lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinikezwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokunisela okwanele, khona-ke ngesikhathi sokuvuna, kuze kube yizilogram ezingamashumi amabili zezithelo kungavuna kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa. Isikhathi samajikijolo avuthiwe - kusukela ekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya ekupheleni kukaSepthemba;
- "Tornfri" - enye inhlobonhlobo yamabherebhisi ngaphandle kwamameva. Lesi sitshalo simude kakhulu, sihhafu-siqondile, sinamahlumela kusuka kumamitha amathathu kuya kwangu-5 nangaphezulu. Ingabe izinhlobo eziphakeme ezivumelayo - egatsheni ngalinye lesithelo kusuka emajikijolo angu-100 nokuningi. Amajikijolo ngokwawo angamasayizi aphakathi, ama-5-6 amagremu, i-oval, ayinayo imbala emnyama kakhulu egcwele, ne-gloss. Izithelo ezivuthiwe ngokuphelele zithola ukunambitheka okumnandi kanye nephunga elibonakalayo, kodwa libe ngamanzi. Ngakho-ke, amajikijolo avunwa kancane ngaphambi kokuvuthwa okuphelele, okushoyo, esimweni sokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe. Ukuvuthwa kwezithelo kuqala ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti futhi kuqhubeka cishe inyanga;
- "Okukhulu" nakho kuyisiko esingenalutho. Iqukethe amahlumela enamandla, ende, amakhulu. Le shrub inesimiso sezimpande, ngakho-ke lapho kukhula amahlathi kungatholakala emakhilomitha amancane kusuka komunye nomunye (kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-2.5 m). Amajikijolo ayinkulu, i-oblong, enesisindo esingama-gramu angu-7 nangaphezulu, unambitha omuhle. Ekuqaleni, ukuvuthwa kubomvu obomvu, futhi amajikijolo avuthiwe aphelele amnyama;
- I-Agave iyi-blackberry e-spiky. Izihlahla zikhula zinamandla futhi zide, kufika kumamitha amathathu. Izinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa ikakhulukazi ebusika-eziqinile: zingakwazi ukumelana kuya ku--40 degrees. Kufika ku-4 kilograms amajikijolo kuvuna kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa. Isisindo se-blackberry ngayinye singu-3 amagremu. Ukuhlushwa okukhulu - kuze kube ngu-20 amajikijolo ngesandla ngasinye. Amajikijolo ayamnandi, amhlophe, amnyama, ayenziwe nge-cone. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphakathi nonyaka, izivuno ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti;
- "I-Darrow" - ukuphakama kwesokudla okuhlukahlukene kuya kumamitha amathathu. Le shrub iphinde iqine, ingakwazi ukumelana nokubandayo kuma-35 degrees. Kucatshangelwa ukuphakama okukhulu-kufika ku-10 kilograms kusukela esihlahleni. Amajikijolo ayinkulu - kufika ku-4 amagremu, ukunambitheka kunomuncu omuncu, oblong, omnyama omnyama. Izithelo zivuthwe izinyanga ezintathu nengxenye, ukuvuselela kabusha kungenzeka.
Funda futhi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ze-blackberry: entsha, beshipny, remontant; "Giant", "Ruben", "Chester Thornless".
Lapho ukutshala
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala ama-blackberries ezindaweni ezinjalo zaseSiberia inkathi yasentwasahlobo. Ngenxa yokufika entwasahlobo, izihlahla zizokwazi ukugxila kahle futhi zibe namandla ngesikhathi sasehlobo ngaphambi kobusika obude. Futhi, ukutshala kwentwasahlobo kuzokuvikela isiko ekubandleni.
Lapho ukutshala khona kusayithi
Ukutshala ama-blackberries kudingeka ukhethe ivikelwe kusuka ezikhathini kanye nezindawo ezinamandla zomoyaIsibonelo, eduze kocingo kanye nezicingo. Futhi ukukhula okuhle komasiko nokuvuthwa kwezithelo kufanele kube khona ilanga elanele. Ukukhetha indawo efanele yokutshala izihlahla, kudingeka ukhumbule ezinye izici zezitshalo:
- ngenxa yokuthi i-blackberry ikhula ngokushesha, kufanele itshalwe kude kwamamitha amabili phakathi kwehlathi ukuze kube lula ukuvunwa. Kumcingo kufanele kube ibanga lesigamu semitha;
- ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanyisa kwelanga, amahlumela angadliwa futhi angakhuli kahle. Lokhu kungaholela ekuvuneni okuncane ehlobo bese kunciphisa ukumelana kwe-shrub esimweni sezulu esibanda;
- Ama-blackberries awawuthandi inhlabathi emanzi, ngakho akufanele ibekwe ezindaweni eziphansi lapho iqhwa noma amanzi eqoqa ngemuva kwemvula. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba esakhiweni lapho i-blackberry etshalwe khona kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwamamitha ayisithupha;
- isiko sidinga umhlaba: uma kungekho magnesium nensimbi, khona-ke kuyoba nemiphumela emibi ekuthuthukiseni i-shrub.
Endaweni ekhethiwe ukutshala, izithuthukisi zingatshalwa kusengaphambili: izitshalo ezikhanyayo.
Izitshalo ezimnandi zifaka ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, i-peas, i-lupins, i-vetch.
Ngaphambi kokusebenza
Ukutshala izihlahla ze-blackberry ziphumelele, kubalulekile ukufeza umsebenzi wokuqala.
Uyazi? Igama lesiRussia igama le-shrub lithola ngenxa yezimpande zalo. Ama-blackberries - okusho ukuthi, ngokuyinhloko, njenge-hedgehog.
Ukulungiselela isayithi
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhipha indawo ekhethiwe kusuka emanzini, ukhula namarhizomes ahlukahlukene. Bese ugoba ngokucophelela inhlabathi, ukujula kwesikhala kwi-bayonet. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, ingxube yezinto eziphilayo kanye nezamaminerali kulezi zakhi kufanele zenziwe enhlabathini: ama-10 kilogram ama-humus ahlanganiswe nama-gramu angu-20 we-potassium sulphate, ama-gramu angu-200 omlotha namagremu angu-15 we-superphosphate.
Uma emhlabathini i-acidity ephakeme, kusalokhu kuletha umcako. Konke lokhu kusakazwa ngokulinganayo phezu kwesayithi ngaphambi kokumba. Zonke lezi zenzo kudingeka zenziwe ngenyanga ngaphambi kokutshala isivuno.
Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-acidity yenhlabathi: ukubaluleka kwenhlabathi ye-acidity yezitshalo, ukuzikhethela kwe-acidity yenhlabathi, ukungcola kwenhlabathi.
Uma inhlabathi isendaweni yakho enezinga eliphakeme lomswakama, kufanele uhlanyele emibhedeni, futhi uma isomile, izihlahla zihlwanyelwe e-rut, hhayi embozwe ngokuphelele umhlaba. 
Ukulungiselela izithombo
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshala ama-shrub, ama-cuttings kumele ahlolwe ngokucophelela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlelo lwempande lento yokutshala lunomsolo olunomsoco, lunombala ombala obomvu wokusika okunempilo, futhi ukutholakala kwesikhunta akuvumelekile. Uma izinto zokutshala akudingeki zitshalwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba zamukelwe, kufanele zigcinwe ngezimpande ezinwakanyisiwe egumbini elipholile, hhayi elangeni eliqondile. Ngaphambi kokutshala ngokuqondile, kunconywa ukuba ugobe izimpande amahora amaningana emanzini noma i-stimulator yezimpande.
Uma kufanele uhambise izithombo, ungawafaka ngendwangu emanzi noma i-sawdust emanzi, bese uhamba nefilimu. Ngakho izimpande ngeke zome isikhathi eside.
Funda futhi ngezindawo ezizuzisayo ze-blackberry, kanye nokungafani phakathi kwama-black raspberries nama-blackberries.
Ngokuqinisekile akunakwenzeka ukutshala ama-cuttings uma kusekhona isongo sokuqothula uhlelo lwempande ngenxa yezingqimba ezinokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha ukubikezela sezulu. 
Indlela yokutshala izithombo ze-blackberry
Ngakho, iya ku- ukuphuma:
- Beka i-blackberry e-wire trellis emgqeni owodwa noma emibili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-trellis, imigodi ilungiselelwe ukutshala 40 ngamasentimitha angu-40 ngobukhulu, okungenani amasentimitha angu-50 ajulile. Lezi yizilinganiso eziphezulu zokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi nokukhula kwezimpande, ezihlukile kwamandla we-blackberry. Izimbiza kufanele zitholakale ebangeni elingenani imitha elilodwa ukusuka emngceleni nomakhelwane, uma imigqa ihambisana nayo. Imigqa emincane, eyodwa nesigamu kuya kumamitha amabili ubude, ingafakwa ngokulandelana kwocingo, mhlawumbe ngakwesokunxele kwesayithi. Phakathi kwemigqa, isikhala esingamamitha angu-2.5 sishiywe, kanti izihlahla ezilandelanayo zibekwe kude kumamitha ayi-1.5 kuya ku-1.5. Uma ama-blackberry ehlwanyelwe amahlumela, iphethini lokufika libukeka kanje: 1.8 ngo 1.8 m.
- Okulandelayo, ama-humus athululelwa phansi phansi emgodini ngamunye futhi axutshwe nomhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuthululela ungqimba lomhlabathi phezu kwalesi sinkimbinkimbi ukuze izimpande ezincane ze-cuttings zingakwazi ukuxhumana ne-humus ngokwayo.
- Bese ubeka ngokucophelela ukusika phansi kwe-fossa, ufafaze ngokucophelela izimpande ngomhlaba bese uwuhlanganisa. Ngakho udinga ukuthululela izendlalelo ezimbalwa, uqiniseke ukuthi izitshalo zitshalwe ekujuleni kwensika yempande.
- Uma sicabanga ukuthi i-blackberry ithanda amanzi kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukuthi amanzi aphuze kahle ngenkathi ehlwanyela, kodwa hhayi ngokugqamile. Cishe amalitha angu-5 amanzi asetshenziselwa isihlahla ngasinye. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngenkathi uthululela isendlalelo ngasinye somhlabathi: amanzi futhi uvumele ingxenye ngayinye yamanzi ifakwe kahle, bese uthela ungqimba olulandelayo lomhlaba.
- Ekupheleni kokutshala, izithombo zidinga ukunqunyulwa kusuka engxenyeni engenhla ngensiza ngosizo lwe-secateur, ngenkathi zishiya 2-3 efihlekile esihlahleni. Ukusika okunjalo kuzothuthukisa ukukhula kobuthakathaka "bokulala" ohlelweni lwempande. Kungenxa yabo ukuthi lesi sitshalo sizokhula amahlumela amancane.
Kumele kucatshangelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuphuza umhlabathi ngezitshalo, ngakho-ke izitshalo kufanele zitshalwe ekujuleni okukhulu: hhayi eziphakeme futhi ezingezansi kunezinga lempande. Uma ungayithathi lezi zincomo, izimpande ezitshalwe phezulu zingafisa izimpande, futhi lezo ezitshalwe phansi zinganciphisa ukukhula kwamahlumela noma isitshalo ngeke siphume nhlobo futhi sizofa.
Uyazi? I-Blackberry sekuyisikhathi eside ibhekwa njengomuthi, isibonelo, emibhalweni yeParacelsus kukhona iresiphi ye-decoction yokwelapha esekelwe amajikijolo namaqabunga ayo.
Aftercare
Emva kokutshala ama-blackberries, udinga ukuhlinzeka ukunakekelwa okufanele, okuphuza, ukupha, ukusika izihlahla nokuqapha izitshalo kusuka ku-frost. Okulandelayo, cabanga ngemininingwane yezici ezinjalo.
Ukunisela
Ama-blackberries aphuziswa izinyanga ezilodwa nengxenye, ikakhulukazi - ngenkathi ekhula ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo. Phakathi nonyaka wokuqala, izitshalo ezitshaliwe ziphuziswa njalo, futhi phakathi kokunisela zikhulula inhlabathi phakathi kwemigqa (ekujuleni kwe-10 cm), ukubhubhisa ukhula ukuze bangathathi izakhi ezidingekayo ngesihlahla esikhulayo nesakhulayo. 
Ukukhululeka phakathi kwezihlahla kuyadingeka, kodwa ngokujula okungajulile (5-8 cm) ukuze ungalimazi izimpande zesitshalo. Kudingekile ukukhulula, kokubili ukushintshaniswa komoya kanye nokubhujiswa kokhula, futhi ngoba ngale ndlela kungenzeka ukubhubhisa izindawo zobusika ezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi abandayo ukuchelela izindawo ezincane ze-blackberry.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukwandisa isivuno sama-blackberries kudinga ukutshala okuhle nokuhlelekile kokutshala noma ukuhlanganiswa kwemifino. Ngenxa yokuthi izimpande zezihlahla azizungezi kahle, ukugqoka kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi njengoba ihlumela lezitshalo zentwasahlobo ezayo lizovela ezimpandeni eziseduze.
Ukuze kufakwe umquba, kungcono ukusebenzisa umquba obolile, umquba we-peat, utshani, ama-sawdust, amaqabunga nanoma yikuphi okunye okuyizinto eziphilayo eziphilayo.
Uma ufaka isitshalo ngomquba (4-5 kg per 1 square meter), inhlabathi izothamela ngokwanele futhi ifakwe izakhi. Lokhu, kuzokwenza ukuthi kube nomthelela ekwakheni izimpande ezinamandla nezixhunyiwe.
Umquba wezilwane ezihlukahlukene (ingulube, izimvu, inkomo, unogwaja, ihhashi) ahluke ekubunjweni nasezindlini.
Yondla i-blackberry ingcono ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwenzalo. Ngaphandle kokondla izitshalo zensimu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-mulch kuneminye imisebenzi ebalulekile - ingakwazi ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula nokusheshisa ukuvuthwa kwamajikijolo. Uma inhlabathi inganamanzi, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuthi uyilondoloze. 
Uma ngabe umanyolo we-nitrogen, bese usetshenziswa ngokulinganisela, ngaphandle kwalokho bangase balinde ukukhula kwamahlumela e-shrub futhi kube nengxenye ekufinyeleleni kwayo ekubandleni. Ama-fertilizer ase-potassium asetshenziswa njalo ngonyaka (40 g). Ukuxhaswa okune-klorine kukhonjisiwe. Uma umanyolo usetshenziswa njalo ngonyaka, ama-phosphate fertilizer akufanele asetshenziswe, uma umanyolo wezinto eziphilayo ungekho, bese kuthi emva kweminyaka emithathu umquba we-phosphate kufanele usetshenziswe (ngesilinganiso sama-gramu angu-30 ngehora elilodwa lesikwele).
Uyazi? Esikhathini esidala, amaqabunga ama-blackberry kanye namajikijolo aqoqwe ngaphambi kokuphela kukaSeptemba asetshenziselwa iziphonso ngenotho nobuhle.
Garter on the trellis
Ama-blackberries adinga amahlumela awo ukuba ahlanganiswe ukuqina kwe-trellis. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izitshalo zezithelo zikhonjiswe ngendlela eyodwa futhi ziboshwe emigqeni yocingo endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-90 nangamamitha owodwa nengxenye. Amagatsha amancane athunyelwa ngaphesheya futhi ahlangane ngendlela efanayo. Ungakwenza ngendlela ehlukile: amagatsha ezithelo ahlanganiselwe ezinhlangothini ezimbili, kanti intsha - eya emgqeni omkhulu wocingo. I-garter isebenza njenge-twine.
Thola ukuthi yini oyidingayo nokuthi ungenza kanjani trellis ngezandla zakho.
Ukudubula
Entwasahlobo ka amahlumela ama-blackberry kudingeka uthathe amasentimitha angu-10. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvuneni okuhle. Ukupruning kwenziwa izikhathi eziningana: entwasahlobo, iziqongo zemivimbo eminyene edliwe ziyakunqunywa, futhi ekwindla - lezo ezivuniwe kakade, noma zitheleleke nge-fungus, noma izinambuzane. Ungase futhi ususe amahlumela amancane.
Kubalulekile! Isibetho sonyaka odlule sidinga ukunqunywa empandeni, ngaphandle kwalokho izinambuzane zizohlala ezigumbini, ezizokwazi ukugcina ubusika ngokuphepha.
Ukuze ukwandise isivuno sama-amberberries, kubalulekile ukukhipha imivimbo emibi yokukhula kabili ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokuqala siphelile ekupheleni kukaMeyi, okwesibili - ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Amahlumela kufanele abe ngamasentimitha angu-90 ubude. Ukunamathisela kuzokwenza kube nokuhlanganiswa okungeziwe nokukhula kwemivimbo eminyameni, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukwanda kwamabhukimakhi okufihla imbali kuzokwenzeka.
Ekwindla kubuye kunconywa ukuba uqoke wonke amagatsha amadala, abuthakathaka nabanwebe kakhulu.
Funda futhi ngezici zezitshalo ezikhulayo eSiberia: i-lavender, izimbali ezingapheli, ama-cherry, amagilebhisi, i-hydrangeas, umjunipha, i-thuja, i-rhododendron, i-beet, anyanisi.
Shelter
Ngemuva kokukhululeka kwamahlumela e-blackberry kusuka emahlumela amaningi ekwindla, ungaqala ukuwafihla ebusika. Ngisho noma i-blackberry yakho ibinamakhaza, idinga indawo yokuhlala.
Into yokuqala udinga ukubopha isabha eziningana ebhodini bese uguqa phansi, uzivikele ngezingwegwe. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kungenziwa ngezinhlobo ezinwabuzelayo. Uma unama-blackberry oqondile, futhi ungagqoki, khona-ke udinga indlela ehlukile: ngisho nasehlobo, izisindo ezincane zingaboshwa eziqongweni zemivimbo engu. Ngaphansi kwesisindo sabo, izibhamu ziyogoba kancane kancane phansi. Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga ekhishwa, ama-shrub adinga ukuqina, bese efakwe ubusika.
Kusetshenziselwa indawo yokuhlala, i-sawdust, hay, utshani, izitshalo zezitshalo zasensimu. Ungathatha futhi i-ruberoid. Enye inguqulo yesikhungiso se-blackberry ebusika: faka amabhodi phansi, uwabeke futhi uwalungise. Ngemuva kwalokho, bafake ngesisombululo se-vitriol eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka bese uhlanganisa ne-hay, amagatsha ase-spruce.
Kubalulekile! Amaqabunga emithi yezithelo ayinakusetshenziswa njengezinto zokumboza, ngoba angakwazi ukukhonza njengendawo yokubhakabhaka yama-larvae.
Ividiyo: isipiliyoni sama-blackberries ekhulayo eSiberia
Blackberries eSiberia: ukubuyekezwa balimi
Njengoba ubona, ukutshalwa kwama-blackberries ezimweni ezinzima zaseSiberia akubonisi ubunzima obuthile. Uma unikeza lesi sitshalo kwisayithi lakho nazo zonke izimo ezifanele, khona-ke msize ukuba aphumelele ngempumelelo, nonyaka olandelayo ukukujabulisa ngokuvuna okunomsoco wamajikijolo anomnandi futhi anempilo.
