Schizantus - Isitshalo esimangalisayo esivela emndenini we-Solanaceae, ongakwazi ukuguqula, kodwa ukuhlobisa kahle i-cottage yakho ehlobo. Imbali ihle ngoba ihle kakhulu, igxile futhi ingenakuzithoba ekunakekeleni. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngalesi sitshalo, sizoqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo esingazitshala ekhaya nokuthi singayinakekela kanjani.
Incazelo ye-botanical
Izwe lakwa-schisantus (noma i-schizantus) - eNingizimu Melika naseNingizimu Afrika, yilapho le nhlangano enhle kakhulu isitshalo esivamile kakhulu. Lesi sitshalo sihlanganiswa kakhulu nezimbali eziningi ezincane. 
Izimbali eziningi zifana ne-orchid. Kulesi simo, izimpondo zezimbali zidwetshwe ngemibala enombala enemibala ehlukahlukene ngamaphetheni namachashazi.
Uyazi? I-Schizantus isitshalo esivela emndenini we-Solanaceae; amazambane, ugwayi kanye nemifino yemifino kungomndeni ofanayo.
Endaweni yethu, i-schizantus ayitholakali ngokubanzi, kepha abalimi abaningi sebevele banakekele lesi sitshalo.
Izinhlobo
Endle, kunezinhlobo ezingu-15 ze-schizantus, kodwa umuntu usebenzisa ekuklanyeni kuphela okuhle kunawo wonke. Okuvame kakhulu ukwehla yizinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- Cirrus Schizantus - ikhula kuze kufike ku-45 cm ukuphakama, ayihlanganisi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi kunezinhlanga eziningi emaphethelweni amagatsha awo. Izimbali zalo zivame kakhulu futhi zinezibhamu ezibomvu. Lezi zinhlobo zisetshenziselwa ukudala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zalesisitshalo.
- Schizanthus Graham - le mbali ikhula ngamasentimitha angama-60, ihlanganiswa kakhulu, kanti iziqu zalesi sitshalo zizinzima. Ama-flower petals anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ahlanganiswe ngokoqobo namabala aphuzi nemigqa eluhlaza. Uma lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lusetshenziselwa ukuxubusha, umphumela uba izimbali ezimhlophe, ezibomvu nezibomvu.
- I-Vizetonsky shizantus. Lesi sitshalo yi-hybrid ye-feathery schisantus ne-schizantus kaGraham. Kusukela kulezi zilwane ezimbili, imbali ithatha izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu: ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angu-80, ihlanganiswe kahle futhi inezimbali eziningi emagatsheni awo. Kokubili amaqabunga kanye nezimpondo zezimbali banomqondo oqhambile, obunamandla, futhi ngobukhulu imbali ejwayelekile ifinyelela kumamitha amabili ububanzi.
Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu kulezimbali, ezikhula ngabalimi. Cabanga ukuthi ungakhula kanjani lesi sitshalo kusuka enzalweni.
Ukukhula kusuka enzalweni
Le mbali ikhiqizwa imbewu, futhi isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuzalanisa kubhekwa ngo-Agasti noma ngo-Septhemba.
Isithombo
Imbewu ye-Schizantus ihlwanyelwa itanki ngenhlanganisela emhlabathini lapho kufanele kube khona isihlabathi. Imbewu enhlabathini enjalo idinga ukufafaza kancane ngomhlaba, futhi ikhava isitsha ngeglasi noma ifilimu ukugcina umswakama. Lapho imbewu ikhula futhi ikhule emahlumela amaqabunga amabili, ihlezi izicucu 1-3 ezimbizeni ezihlukene.
I-schizantus enama-potted kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyisiwe, kodwa ngokushisa okuphansi okungaphezulu kwe-zero, ukuze ihlumela phezu kwe-overwinter iphinde ikhule entwasahlobo. 
Kakade ngo-Mashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, ama-schizantus ahlwanyelwa ezitshalweni, kodwa izitshalo ezinjalo ziqhakaza ngasekupheleni, futhi izimbali zazo azilutho kakhulu.
Uma ufuna ukufeza izimbali eziqhubekayo ze-schisantus, khona-ke izithombo kudingeka zitshalwe izikhathi eziningana esikhathini kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Ephreli, zihambisana nezikhathi ezithile zenyanga.
Kubalulekile! Uma utshala i-shizantus endaweni engafanelekile, izothuthuka kakhulu futhi ziphumelele kahle.
Izithombo zingcono kakhulu ezitshalwe ngesikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lizobe lihlelekile ngaphakathi kwe-16 ...
Ukubuyekezwa kwevidiyo kwezithombo ezikhulile ze-schisantus
Indawo
Le mbali iyakuthanda izindawo ezinelanga, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyihlwanyela esakhiweni ngokukhanya okukhulu kwemini.
Ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle, udinga ukuyihlwanyela emhlabathini okhulile, okhululekile.
I-Schizantus itshalwe ibanga elingaba ngamasentimitha angama-25 phakathi kwezithombo kanye namahlumela angcwatshiwe kumamitha ayisentimitha ayishumi.
Umhlaba
Ukuze isitshalo sikhule kahle futhi siqhakaze kakhulu, kudingeka uhlole ngokucophelela inhlabathi lapho izotshala khona. Kungcono ukutshala imbali e-chernozem.
Umhlabathi kufanele ube nomoya owomile, ukuze uthole umbala obala kakhulu wembali, kungcono ukutshala umhlabathi ngamanyolo we-phosphate.
Sikukwazisa ukuba ujwayele uhlelo lwemijondolo yezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi, futhi thola ukuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani ukuzala kwenhlabathi.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Ukuze le mbali ikujabulise wena ngangokunokwenzeka, udinga ukuyiqaphela ngokucophelela.
Ukushisa
I-Schizanthus ayibekezelele ukushisa okuphakeme futhi okuphansi, okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kule mbali kungu-15 + ... +24 degrees. 
Ukunisela
Lembali idinga ukuchelela okulinganiselayo, ukuze inhlabathi ingabe isomile kakhulu noma imanzi. Ukuphuza i-schisantus kumele kube ngokucophelela, ukugeleza kwamanzi okuqondisa ngaphansi kwempande, ukuze kungalimazi izimbali ezinobumba.
Umswakama
I-Shizantus idinga umoya onomswakama futhi ayibekezelelani ukoma. Umswakama ongcono kakhulu uzoba ngu-70-80%.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Esikhathini sokusebenza esikhulayo sokukhula, okuyinto ewela entwasahlobo nasehlobo, isitshalo sondliwa umanyolo obunzima. Amanyolo afaka i-nitrogen, i-phosphoric acid ne-potassium.
Kubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuba uqale ukugqoka phezulu esigabeni sezithombo ezikhulayo, ungeze umanyolo emanzini.
Entwasahlobo, ukuvama kokudla kunciphisa kanye njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili, kanti ngesikhathi sokutshala izihlahla kuhlwanyiswa kanye emva kwezinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ukuhlushwa kwabo, ngaleyo ndlela kudla isitshalo kaningi, kodwa ngenani elincane lomanyolo.
Izimbali
Abalimi abaningi bafuna ukwandisa izimbali ezimnandi ze-schisantus. Uma ngemuva kokuba imbali iqhume okokuqala, uyayinquma, bese kuthi emva kwamasonto amathathu izoqala ukuqhakaza nakakhulu.
Ebusika
IShizantus isitshalo se-biennial esingenakubusika emgwaqweni. Ukuze ulondoloze imbali, kufanelekile ukuyihambisa endlini. Entwasahlobo, ungakwazi ukuyihlwanyela embhede. 
Emklamo wezwe landscape kanye inhlanganisela nezinye izitshalo
Uma wenza imibhede nalezi zimbali bahlala betshalwe ngaphambili, ngoba izimbali ezibomvu zibukeka zikhanya kakhulu futhi zihle kakhulu. Emakhabheni, ama-schisantus aphakeme azungezwe yi-lobelia, abhapathizo kanye ne-alissum.
Uyazi? Ngokuvamile izithombo ezibuthakathaka zinganikeza umbala ongajwayelekile kakhulu, abalimi abaningi abalahla izibonelo ezinjalo.
Umthetho oyinhloko womakhelwane wale mbali wukuthi kufanele utshalwe eduze kwezitshalo ezithanda umswakama. Izinhlobo ezincane ze-shizantusa zitshalwe ezimbizeni futhi zihlobisa amasimu namabhaloni. 
Kunzima ukukhula
Inkinga enkulu eyenzeka ngenkathi kutshalwa le mbali kuyomiswa kwehlumela. Le nkinga kwenzeka ezindaweni ezomile ngokuntuleka kokuchelela.
Inkinga ephikisanayo ibhekwa njenge-rotting schizantus ngenxa yokugqithisa komswakama. Ngakho-ke, ukugcina imbali ngendlela efanele, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela umswakama womoya egumbini kanye nemvamisa yokuchelela.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Lezi zimbali zibhekene nezifo ezinjengalezi:
- I-Anthracnose - kuthinta isitshalo ngomswakama ophakeme, ubuhle obukhulu bomhlabathi, kanye nokungabi khona kwe-potassium noma i-phosphorus emhlabathini. Ungayibona emabala aluhlaza emaqabunga e-schizantus.
Sincoma ukuthi yini ebalulekile ukuthi i-acidity yenhlabathi izitshalo, indlela yokunquma ukuthi i-asidi yenhlabathi isayithi, nokuthi ingakhipha kanjani inhlabathi.
- I-Pitioz - okuthiwa izimpande zibola, kuvela ngenxa yokuchelela ngokweqile noma umquba we-nitrogen owandayo emhlabathini.
- Ukuphazamisa okwesikhashana - ukutheleleka kwamafayalini amaqabunga e-schisantus, engabonakala nge-patina kanye nezindawo ezibonakalayo.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo, kufanele uhlole njalo isitshalo bese ususa ngokushesha amaqabunga abathintekayo neziqu, futhi uphathe izindawo zokususwa nge-fungicide.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane zihlanganisa i-aphid ehlala njalo, i-whitefly ne-thrips. Lezi zinambuzane zilwa nama-insecticide. 
Ungesabi ukukhula i-schisantus embhede wakho wembali. Lesi sitshalo esingenakuzithoba ngeke sidinge ukunakekelwa ngokweqile kuwe, kodwa sizohlobisa ngokuphelele ingadi yakho yembali.
