I-Rhododendrons ibhekwa njengelinye yezitshalo ezinhle kunazo zonke ezihlobisa izivande nezindawo zokugcina izithombo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo, zingaba izihlahla ezivuthiwe noma eziqhamukayo ngisho nezihlahla ezincane. Sizokutshela ngenye yezinhlobo, okungukuthi nge-Schlippenbach rhododendron, ehlukaniswa nokuphikiswa kwayo emakhazeni asebandayo futhi amahle.
Incazelo
Lezi zinhlobo zisehlobo rhododendron (lat. Rhododéndron) nomndeni we-heather. Lesi sitshalo yi-shrub encane. Waqanjwa ngemuva kuka-A. Shlippenbach, isikhulu sezindiza saseRussia esiqale ukuqoqa amasampula ezitshalo ngo-1854, ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngeFrigate Pallas. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-shrub itholakala e-Peninsula yaseKorea, eNyakatho-East yaseChina, naseningizimu yePrmorsky Territory yaseRussia.
Uyazi? Ikhodi ngo-401 BC inqola yomphathi wamandulo wamaGreki u-Xenophon wadabula iMounta Caucasus, ngaleso sikhathi ephethe ama-rhododendron amahlathi, amasosha akhe adla uju ezinyosi zasendle, ngenxa yalokho awela esimweni sokudakwa, ebuthakathaka futhi efika ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva. Isizathu salokhu kwakuyi-substance andromedotoxin equkethwe kwezinye izinhlobo ze-rhododendron.
Ngaphandle, lesi sitshalo yisihlahla esasakazekayo kuze kube ngamamitha amabili, amaqabunga ayo aqoqwe ngamasu amahlumela. Amaqabunga ngokwawo angama-ovate, aluhlaza okombala okombala, onqenqemeni lwe-wavy kancane. Izimbali ngephunga elimnandi, eliqoqwe kuma-inflorescences. Ziyi pink pink, enezindawo ezibubende eduze nendawo, ububanzi bezimbali bufinyelela ku-8 cm.Isimila siqala lapho sineminyaka engama-6-8. Isithelo ibhokisi lembewu. Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengomunye wabameleli abahle kunazo zonke ze-rhododendron. Angaphila iminyaka engama-40.
Ukukhetha indawo
Okukhethwa kakhulu kule shrub kukhona inhlabathi encane ene-acidic kahle. Indawo yokutshala kufanele ivulekele, endaweni evulekile yelanga isitshalo singase singaqhakaza. Nakuba isihlahla sithanda umswakama, akufanele sitshalwe ezindaweni ezinamanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-rhododendron Schlippenbach kuyathinteka kakhulu ngokusondela emithini enjengama-apula, amapheya, ama-willows, ama-maple, ama-birches, ama-oki futhi ngokujwayelekile wonke umuntu onesimo sempande engaphandle.
Imithetho yokufika
Ukutshala lesi sitshalo kusetshenziswa njengezitshalo ezithengiwe kanye nembewu. Uma isithombo sitshalwe, imbobo engama-60 cm ejulile kanye no-70 cm ububanzi isilungele yona. Ingxube ye-peat kanye ne-compost yengezwe kuso ngo-3: 1, isithombo sishintsha ezingeni le-collar yezimpande. Ingqimba ephezulu ene-sawdust. Isikhathi esihle sokufika okunjalo kubhekwa njengentwasahlobo, ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, kuye ngesimo sezulu.
Funda mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ze-rhododendron, izinhlobo ze-rhododendrons zasebusika-eziqinile.Indlela yokutshala imbewu iqhutshwa njalo, njengoba izitshalo ezitholakala ngale ndlela, zivumelane ngokushesha nezimo zangaphandle. Kungcono ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngoFebhuwari, khona-ke zingatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile entwasahlobo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubalulekile ukunamathela ngokuqinile ekutheni ubuchwepheshe bokufika buqukethe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- I-substrate ilungiselelwe ukutshala, okuyinto i-peat, isihlabathi, inhlabathi ye-coniferous (lokhu kusetshenziswe umhlaba ehlathini le-coniferous) kanye nama-humus ahlanganiswe ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Ingxube ithululelwa kwisitsha futhi ixiliswe nge-disinfected.
- Imbewu ifakwe emanzini afudumele afudumele (ungasebenzisa amanzi emvula) bese ushiya endaweni ekhanyisiwe izinsuku ezingu-3-4.
- Imbewu elungiselelwe ihlwanyelwa esitsheni nge-substrate emanzi ebusweni bayo, ngaphandle kokubamba phansi. Isembozo sekhontila nge-foil. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwemoya ekamelweni kungaba ngu-+25 ° C.
- Ngemva kokuhluma, isitsha sithuthelwa egumbini elipholile. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kuvela ku-+10 ° C kuya ku-12 ° C, izikrini azivumelekile. Izithombo ziphuza ngezikhathi ezithile, zilondoloze inhlabathi esimweni esincane semanzi. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokucophelela, ukuze kungalimazi amahlumela. Kufanele zikhanyiswe okungenani amahora angu-12; uma kungekho ukukhanya okwanele, sebenzisa ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo.
- Uma kuvela amaqabunga ama-2-3 esitshalweni awela emabhoshini enhlabathini efanayo.
- Lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lifinyelela +5 ° C, izitshalo zithathwa emoyeni ovulekile nsuku zonke ukuze zikhuni. Qala ngeminithi engu-15 ukuhlala ezimweni ezinjalo, kancane kancane ukwanda ngalesi sikhathi.
- Izimila zifakelwa phansi ezinyangeni eziyi-18-20 emva kokuhlwanyela; zitshalwe endaweni evulekile ngendlela efanayo njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla.
Uyazi? Uphawu lwezwe laseNepal yi-rhododendron ebomvu. Isigqoko salezi zimbali siboniswe ngezambatho zaseNepalese.
Ukunakekela
Ukugqoka kokuqala kwesitshalo kwenziwa entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kwezimbali zayo. Ukufaka umanyolo kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo okhethekile ohloselwe ama-rhododendrons. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, "Azofoska" noma "Rodo & Azalea Aset". Yenza kubalulekile ngokusho kwemiyalelo.
Ukugqoka kwesibili kwenziwa emva kwe-shrub ottsvetet, ngokuvamile kuwukuphela kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ungasebenzisa umquba wokutshala izitshalo eziqhakaza, isibonelo, u-Agricola noma i-Kemira Universal. Uma ufisa, akunzima ukuzimela ngokuzimela ukulungiselela umanyolo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlanganisa isipuni se-potashi usawoti, isipuni se-superphosphate, izipuni ezimbili ze-ammonium sulphate. Le ngxube yengezwe kumbuthano oseduze we-shrub, inani lanele kumamitha ayi-square. imitha
Ukudla kokugcina kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi. Ukulungisa isisombululo sezipuni ezimbili ze-phosphate kanye nesipuni se-potash usawoti ema-10 amalitha amanzi. Ngesihlahla esisodwa ngokwanele amalitha amathathu omanyolo. Inhlabathi ezungeze i-sawdust ye-mulch ephethe ama-mulberry.
Kubalulekile! Umquba wokugcina akufanele usebenzise umanyolo we-nitrogen ukuvimbela ukukhula ngokweqile kwama-rhododendron.Ividiyo: kanjani nokuthi yini okufanele ukondle ama-rhododendron I-Schlippenbach i-rhododendron iyisitshalo esinomswakama, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi singakwazi ukuphatha amanzi aphelile, lokhu kuqedwa ngokukhetha indawo yokutshala, kufanele kube khona amanzi amaningi.
Kubuye kube nomthelela omubi ekumiseni ngokweqile kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke kudingeka udle amanzi njalo, imvamisa yokuchelela incike ezimweni zezulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi alula, amanzi emvula noma amanzi emlambo nawo afanelekile (uma, eqinisweni, i-reservoir ihlanzekile).
Ukuze kutholakale ukuhlelwa komqhele omuhle kuyadingeka. Le nqubo yenziwa ngemuva kwezihlahla zezimbali. Ukudubula kwesibili kwenziwa ngaphambi kokubanda.
Funda indlela yokukhulisa ama-rhododendron eSiberia, esifundeni saseMoscow nasesifundazwe saseLeningrad.
Ukulungiselela ubusika
Lezi zinhlobo ziyakwazi ukumelana nokushisa, zingamelana nokushisa kwamazinga angafinyelela ku -25 ° C kanye nokushisa kwenhlabathi kuya ku -9 ° C. Nokho, udinga ukulungiselela ubusika. Isikhala esiseduze ne-collar yezimpande sigcwele u-sawdust kusendlalelo se-15-20 cm.
Ngakho ukuze bangahlakazeli emoyeni, bangacindezelwa ngokumelene namabhodi, isithebe, njll. Kubuye kunconywe ukuthi ususe amagatsha ngethambo bese uwafaka nge-sacking. Isitoreji sisusiwe ngemva kweqhwa. Amahlumela amancane agxila emhlabathini futhi agcwele amagatsha ase-spruce. 
Thola ukuthi yiziphi izici ezihambelana ne-Adams rhododendrons, i-Ledebour, i-Dahuri.
Ukuzala
I-Rhododendron Schlippenbach ingasakazwa kokubili ngembewu nangemifino. Ukusakazwa kwembewu kuye kwachazwa ngokuningiliziwe ngenhla. Ukukhiqizwa nakho kusetshenziselwa ukusika. Cuttings kuvuna emva kokuphela izitshalo zezimbali. Ukudubula ama-15 cm ubude butshelwa. Batshalwe esitsheni esinamagatsha afanayo njengoba esetshenziselwa imbewu yokuhlwanyela.
I-cuttings ihlanganiswe nge-plastic packaging, esuswa lapho ukusika kunqunywa. Ukunisela kwenziwa njalo, i-substrate kumele ihambelane. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, isithombo sidluliselwa embizeni ehlukile. Kungatshalwa endaweni evulekile ekuwa, ngaphambi kokuqala ukushisa okuzinzile noma entwasahlobo, okungcono kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa, ukukhiqizwa kuyasetshenziswa ngokufaka umoya emoyeni. Ukwenza lokhu, emva kwe-shrub ottsvette, uqale igatsha layo elingaphansi, eliphuziswa kakhulu kulo lonke isikhathi. Ekupheleni kwenkathi, uma igatsha liqotshwe, liyakunqunywa futhi lifakwe kwenye indawo. 
Funda kabanzi mayelana nendlela yokukhipha i-rhododendron ezifweni nasezinambuzane.azaleas
Izifo nezinambuzane
Njengezinye izinhlobo ezimbi ezikhetha umthunzi, i-rliodenbach i-Rhododendron imelana nezifo nezinambuzane kunabalingani bayo abahlala njalo. Ngesinqumo esifanele sokutshala indawo nokunakekelwa okufanele, lesi sitshalo sithinteka kalula ezinkingeni ezinjalo. Ngezansi kukhona izifo ezivame kakhulu nezinambuzane.
- I-Tracheomycotic wilt ebangelwa i-fungus. Kulesi sifo, izimpande zibola, amaqabunga asundu awela. Ekulweni kwezimboni zezitshalo njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, ukuphalaza umqhele nokuphuza izimpande ngesisombululo se-0.2% se "Fundazole" esetshenziswa. Izitshalo ezigulayo zigciniwe futhi zishiswe ngokuphelele.
- Ukulimala okwesikhashana kubangelwa i-fungus. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo senza umfula ompofu wendawo yengcambu. Ngaphandle kubonakala ekwindla kwamaqabunga, ukuphuza kwamagatsha, ukubola izinkuni. Esikhathini sokuqala sesi sifo, i-shrub ingaphulukiswa ngokuyifiphaza nge-Bordeaux liquid noma i-analogues yayo. Esikhathini sesiteji esilandelayo, lesi sitshalo sidutshulwe futhi sishiswe.
- I-Rhododendron mosaic. I-agent causative yi-virus yama-mosaic engathathwa yizinambuzane. Uma lesi sifo sishiya lesi sitshalo sithinteka ama-specks ama-yellow noma ama-calluses aluhlaza. Ukukhula kwehlathi kuyeka ngalokhu, izimbali zibuthakathaka. Ukulwa nalesi sifo, unqume amahlumela abathintekile noma uvele ubhubhise isitshalo esithintekile kakhulu.
- I-spider mite evamile ayibonakali ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Amaqabunga e-shrub, aphethwe yizibungu, aphenduka aphuzi futhi asomile. Balwa nama-insecticides (Actellic).
- I-acacia spatula iyinambuzane encane, engenamaphiko kuze kube ngu-6 mm ubude. Izitshalo ezithintekayo, zinciphisa futhi kancane kancane zimile. Ungayilwa ngokusitshala izihlahla nge-organophosphate compounds noma izinambuzane ("Aktara").
- Ukugqwala ugwayi yizinambuzane ezinamaphiko kuze kufike ku-1 mm ubude. I-Thrips ilimaza i-rhododendron efihlekile, futhi iyabathwala izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene (Fufanon, Karate Zeon) zisetshenziselwa ukulwa nazo.
Ama-Rhododendron nawo abizwe ngokuthi azaleas, thola indlela yokukhulisa i-azaleas ekhaya.Njengoba ungabona, akuyona inkinga kakhulu ukukhula ngo-Rhododendron Slippenbach. Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni kwayo okujwayelekile kuyisinqumo esifanele sokuhlala indawo, ukutholakala kwenhlabathi encane futhi ukuchelela ngamanzi athambile. Le shrub isakazeka ngezindlela eziningana, konke kulula. Ngakho kufanele uzame ukutshala lesi sitshalo kwisayithi lakho - izimbali zalo ziyoba umhlobiso wangempela wensimu.
Ukubuyekezwa kokukhula kwe-rhododendron Schlippbach
Lona umbono wethu waseMpumalanga Ekude, akakaze uhlanganisweI-Pavel
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Ngakho ngatshala ama-rhododendrons ami ngoJanuwari 2. Izolo nganquma ukuthi nginembewu endala engakwazi ukukhuphuka futhi ngaya futhi ngithenga enye iphakheji ku-Exhibition of Economic Achievements, ngayidlulisela esitsheni esifanayo, bese ngifunda izincomo kule phakheji. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu: imbewu iyafakwa futhi igqoke ukukhanya ngaphansi kwefilimu izinsuku ezingu-3-4, bese ingcwatshwa ekujuleni kwe-0.5 - 1 cm enhlanganisweni yenhlabathi. Ihlumela emavikini angu-1-2. Futhi ngosuku lwesine ngisawugcwalisa ubuhle ... ubuhle. Kulungile, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-4 uma amahlumela engakaze avele, azolala ingxenye yabo. Mhlawumbe kukhona okuzovela ...i-jaspi
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