Intandokazi engavumeleki, eyathandana nabalimi abaningi, yi-pepper enhle ethi "Swallow", incazelo kanye nezici zokulima okuzoxoxwa ngazo ngokuqhubekayo. Izithelo zalo mifino zikhulu futhi zikhulu kakhulu, futhi ziyamnandi kakhulu, ezivumela ukuthi zingasetshenziselwa ukuvuna kuphela, kodwa futhi zisebenzise ngendlela yazo yemvelo. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibaluleka izinga eliphezulu lokumelana nezifo ezihlukahlukene, kanye nokulimala kwezinambuzane.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukulinywa kwalezi pepper akudingi amakhono akhethekile nokudla isikhathi esivela kumgadi wensimu.
Ukubukeka kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo
Lesi sitshalo semifino sakhiwa eMoldova ngendlela yokukhethwa kwemvelo. Igama lezinhlobonhlobo lalingenxa yokuma kwesithelo, okungase kufane nomlomo wezinyoni ezigwinya.
Izici zezithelo nezakhiwo zazo ezizuzisayo
Izithelo kulezi ezihlukahlukene pepper elimnandi zibonakala ngesimo esixubile, efana nesibhamu. Ubude be-pepper bufinyelela cishe ngo-8-11 cm, isisindo siphezulu cishe ngo-65-100 g. Umbala wemifino kungukubomvu noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuqondene ukunambitheka, bahlukile kakhulu. Izithelo zinyama futhi zithandeka, izindonga ze-pepper ngokuvamile ziba ngu-5-7 mm obukhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ezihlukahlukene zihambisana nokuzithokozisa ekunakekeleni, pepper zivuthwe ndawonye. Isivuno esizovunwa esakhiweni singasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokungabaza ngokulungiselela ama saladi ehlobo, ngokufaka umquba nokugxila, nokuvuna izithelo ebusika ngendlela yokulondolozwa. Isikhumba sePepper sinamandla kakhulu, esinikeza ithuba lokuhamba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokulimaza isakhiwo sesithelo hhayi ukuwaqeda. Futhi, ikhasi livikela imifino e-hypothermia, evumela ukuba igcinwe isikhathi eside.
Kucatshangwa ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo ze-pepper e-sweet "Swallow" efanelekile ukuyikhuphula kokubili emhlabathini ovulekile futhi uvaliwe. Ukuhluma kwalokhu imifino kuphezulu. Izinto zembewu zingathengwa esitolo, noma ungakwazi ukuziqoqa wena.
Imifino inezimfanelo eziningi ezizuzisayo zomzimba womuntu. Ukudla kuzo kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuzivikela komzimba, okuyokwenza ukunciphisa ukuhlukunyezwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezifo zokuphefumula. Ukwakhiwa kuqukethe amavithamini P, B, PP, i-alkaloid capsaicin, i-antioxidants nezinye eziningi. njll. I-Carotene ne-ascorbic acid nayo itholakala ngobuningi. Lesi sici sinemiphumela enenzuzo emsebenzini we-pancreas, futhi singakwazi nokulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi emzimbeni. Ngokudla i-pepper elimnandi, i-clots yegazi ingagwenywa, futhi ikhwalithi nombala wesikhumba kungathuthukiswa.
Umkhiqizo ungaphansi kwekhalori, okukuvumela ukuthi uwufake ekudleni kwalabo bantu ababukela isibalo sabo. Kunama-kcal angu-27 kuphela nge-100 g we-pepper evuthiwe, uma ebomvu. Futhi izithelo eziluhlaza eziluhlaza eziluhlaza ngisho nangaphansi - kuphela ngo-19 kcal.
Uyazi? I-India ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yepelepele. Yilapho lapho ososayensi bethola ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalokhu yemifino, eyenziwe eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-3 000 edlule.
Izinzuzo nezinsalela ezihlukahlukene
Izinzuzo ze-pepper elimnandi "Swallow" okuningi. Okuyinhloko kungacatshangwa okulandelayo:
- Ukuvuthwa okunomusa kwezithelo ezandleni zezitshalo zemifino;
- Ukuthutha okuhle nokuhleleka kwesitoreji eside;
- Ukuphikiswa kwezifo eziningi ezivamile;
- Ukungathobeki nokungathobeki ekunakekelweni okujwayelekile;
- Ukubekezelelana okuhle nezinguquko ezimweni zesimo sezulu (kungakwazi ukumelana kokubili ukomela kanye namaconsi amancane okushisa);
- Ukukhiqizwa ezingeni eliphakeme cishe noma yiziphi izimo.
Kodwa ukunikeza incazelo yezinsalela ezinhlobonhlobo ze-pepper "Swallow" kuyoba nzima nakakhulu. Izici ezincane kuphela ezingabonakala, ngoba lesi sitshalo semifino asinayo ingozi enkulu. Noma kunjalo, lezi ziphutha zingalungiswa kalula.- Lapho ukuhlwanyela kuqina, izithelo zomkhiqizo zizobe ziphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile;
- Izipelepele eziningana ezikhula esikhunjini esifushane zingase zibole ngenxa yokuthi zilele phansi;
- Abalimi njalo bakhiqiza zonke izinhlobo ezintsha, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuthi "Ukugcoba" akuseyona isitshalo esiphakeme kakhulu.
I-Agrotechnology
Ukuze kutholakale isibonakaliso esihle somkhiqizo wePhilisi elimnyama, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina uhlu lwemigomo, ngoba isihluthulelo sokuphumelela kokutshala isitshalo segadi kuyindlela efanele yokuphathwa kobuchwepheshe bezolimo.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokulima buxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo ze-pepper, lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho uhlwanyela i-pepper Anastasia, uHabanero, California Miracle, i-Claudio F1, i-Gypsy F1, i-Atlas, i-Kakadu, i-Cowhide, i-Orange Miracle, i-Ratunda.
Iqukethe ikakhulukazi okulandelayo:
- Ukulungiselela kahle imbewu yokutshala;
- Izithombo ezikhulayo enhlabathini evaliwe noma ngaphansi kwekhava lefilimu (okwesikhashana);
- Ukufudumala kwenhlabathi njalo kanye nesikhathi esifanele;
- Ukuthatha ukukhetha, ukuqinisa izithombo, kanye nokufaka umquba wokufaka umanyolo.
Kubalulekile! I-pepper enhle yezinhlobonhlobo ezicatshangelwayo ayikwazi ukutshala ngokuhlwanyela ngokuqondile imbewu emhlabathini, kulokhu, isivuno siyoba ngaphansi kakhulu.
Ukulungiselela imbewu nokutshala
Ukuze ukhule umkhiqizo wemifino ephezulu bese uvunwa isivuno esihle, kubalulekile ukunakekela izithombo zokuvuna ngesikhathi. Imbewu kufanele ilandelwe ngoFebhuwari. Futhi ungakhohlwa ngomhlabathi.
Izinto zembewu kufanele zihlaselwe futhi zitshalwe ekupheleni kwenyanga yokugcina yasebusika. Imbewu evame ukuthengwa ngokuvamile iyethulwa emakethe, kodwa ukuze ijubane inqubo yokukhula kwezitshalo, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa izincomo eziningana.
Isibonelo, ungakwazi ukufudumala imbewu ku-microwave imizuzwana embalwa, noma ukuyikhipha kwisisombululo samanzi ne-vodka (1: 1). Ngenxa yokusebenza okunjalo okulula, kuyokwenzeka ukuba uthole amahlumela okuqala ngokushesha kunokuba avamile. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukumboza imbewu ngendwangu ehambelana namanzi bese uyishiya kuleli fomu izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uvule endaweni efudumele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo qiniseka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-napkin ihlale imanzi.
Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi, ingathengwa esitolo esithile esithile kusengaphambili, ngisho nangokuwa. Kuhlale kudayiswa i-substrate, okuyinto, ngenxa yenani layo lokudla okunomsoco, iphelele ngezithombo ezikhulayo.
Ukuthutha kunconywa ngeziqukathi ezikhethekile, futhi kule njongo kufaneleke izinkomishi eziphambili. Ake sithi futhi indlela yokuhlwanyela ngamaphilisi e-peat, inye imbewu ngayinye, kodwa emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, kuzodingeka uhlanyele ngayinye kuwo isitsha esisodwa. Izitshalo ezihlwanyelwe kusengaphambili esitsheni, udinga ukuzibeka ebangeni elingama-15-20 mm komunye nomunye emhlabathini. Ngemuva kwalokho, fiphaza kancane imbewu ngenhlabathi, ucindezela kancane. Kubalulekile ukuhlela ukutshala ukuze phakathi nenqubo yokunisela imbewu ayihlanzwa.
Ekupheleni kwenqubo yokuhlwanyela, isitsha kufanele sivaliwe ngeglasi noma ifilimu ebalalayo, futhi izitsha kumele zifakwe endaweni efudumele. Ifilimu kuzodingeka isuswe kuphela emva kokuba izithombo zokuqala zivele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitsha kumele sihlelwe kabusha endaweni ekhanyisiwe. 
Kubalulekile! Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi izinsuku zokukhanya zikaFebruwari zifushane kakhulu, ngakho-ke izithombo zomusi zizolahlekelwa. Lungisa isimo kungenzeka ngenxa yokufakwa kwezibani zokukhanyisa. Lokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo azikhishwe kakhulu.
Konke mayelana nezithombo
Khetha isithombo Iziqukathi ezihlukene kufanele zenziwe ngemuva kokuthi izitshalo zibe namaqabunga amabili. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ezinsukwini zokugcina zikaMashi, noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli - isikhathi sithatha isikhathi sokuhlwanyela imbewu. Ngemuva kokukhetha, izithombo zifakwa endaweni evulekile izinsuku ezingu-2-3 ukuze lezi zindawo zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nemvelo entsha.
Ukunisela izithombo kufanele kwenziwe njengoba kudingeka. Okusho ukuthi kufanele uqaphele ukuthi inhlabathi ayimile, kodwa futhi ukuvimbela amanzi amaningi, ngoba ukuqhuma kwamanzi ethangini kuzoholela ekutheni izifo zitshalwe.
Ukondla izithombo ze-pepper "Ukugcoba" kuzodinga ngezigaba eziningana. Okufanelekile kakhulu kule nhloso umanyolo oyingqayizivele obunzima ongathengwa esitolo. Zenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukudla izithombo zepelepele. 
Ungakwazi futhi ukutshala ukumnika umhlabathi ngamapulangwe ash. Umkhiqizo othengiwe kufanele usetshenziswe ngokulandela imiyalelo, futhi umlotha kufanele ufakwe emanzini izinsuku ezimbalwa, uthathe isipuni somlotha ngamanzi 1 litre. Ungaphinda uthele isipuni esisodwa sokhuni emgqonyeni ngamunye, bese uthele izitshalo ngamanzi afudumele.
Cishe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokufakelwa okuhleliwe kwezithombo endaweni enomphela yokukhula, udinga ukuqala ukuqinisa izitshalo. Ukwenza lokhu, ngesikhathi esishisayo sosuku ukwenza iziqukathi ngezitshalo emoyeni omusha. Ekuqaleni, isikhathi sokuhlala emgwaqweni kufanele sibe ngamahora angaba ngu-1 kuya ku-5. Khona-ke isikhathi sokuphumula kufanele senyuke kancane kancane ukuze ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zingase zihlale emoyeni omusha nsuku zonke, uma kungenjalo, kwakungekho amaconsi obukhali ekushiseni kwemoya.
Ukutshala izihlahla emhlabathini ovulekile
Ngemuva kokuba izithombo ze-pepper zikhule, kuzokwenzeka ukufakelwa imifino ibe umbhede ovulekile. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi lapho i-frost return frost isivele ingafakwa khona. Ngokuvamile inqubo enjalo ingenziwa ngaphambi kukaJuni.
Izithuthukisi ezinhle kakhulu ze-pepper elimnandi kuzoba izitshalo, izaqathe kanye anyanisi. Umbhede, okokuqala, udinga ukucubungula ngokucophelela ekujuleni kwe-bayonet eyodwa yefosholo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlanza indawo kusuka ukhula kanye nezimpande zabo. Esikhathini esifanayo, inhlabathi ingafakwa umquba. 
Ukuhamba kulandela kanje:
- Kunconywa ukuthi uhlele izitshalo embhedeni ephethini lokuhlola. Leli fomu lokufika lizokwenza ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezitshalo zemifino kube mnandi kakhulu. Uhlelo lokutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile alufani ne-greenhouse - 40x60 cm. Ukutshala okunamandla kakhulu akukhuthazwa, ngoba lokhu kungathinta umkhiqizo kanye nempilo yonke yemifino yemifino.
- Emthonjeni wokutshala kufanele udle umhlabathi wezakhi, okumele uqale ukufaka umquba okudingekayo (isibonelo, superphosphate, humus, urea). Umanyolo usetshenziswa kuphela uma ukufaka umanyolo kungakenziwa ngesikhathi sokumba. Futhi emthonjeni ngamunye udinga ukuthulula uhhafu ibhakede lamanzi bese ufaka ngokushesha iziqu, lapho izitshalo zizoboshwa khona.
- Izithombo zifakwe emgodini futhi zigcwala ngomhlaba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhuba ngokucophelela le nqubo, ukuze ungalimazi izithombo ezincane. Izitshalo kufanele zitshalwe ezingeni elifanayo lapho zitholakala khona indebe, ukuziqinisa ngokungadingekile akudingekile.
- Emva kokutshala, zonke izitshalo zidinga ukunisela futhi zishiye ukuzivumelanisa nezinsuku ezingu-5-7 kusayithi. Ungagubha umbhede nge-sawdust, utshani oqoshiwe noma ama-peat.
Uyazi? Ngesikhathi samanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1500 zezitshalo ezise-Pepper. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izihlahla, utshani ngisho nemivini. Ngokuvamile izitshalo ezinjalo zitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika, nakwezinye izingxenye zaseMpumalanga Asia.
Ukunakekela, ukuchelela, ukukhulula izinhlobo
Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa kwe-pepper enhle akufani neze nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwalolu hlobo lwemifino. Kubalulekile ukunikeza isiko ngokugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi esifanele, ukugcoba inhlabathi, nokuhlanza umbhede nokhula.
Ukunisela
Ukuphuza i-pepper "Ukugcoba" kunconywa amanzi ahlelekile futhi afudumele. Cishe izinsuku ezingu-7-10 emva kokuba izitshalo zitshalwe ensimini, kuzodingeka ukuthi uhambise umhlabathi oyisisekelo ezinsukwini ezingu-3-5. Lapha udinga ukuqapha isimo sezulu nesilinganiso somswakama womhlabathi. Esikhathini sokuqala kwezimbali zemifino, kanye nesikhathi se-fruiting, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe kaningi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukwandisa inani lama-ovari esihlahleni sesitshalo, kunconywa ukuwafiphaza nge "Ovary". Uma udinga ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwempande, futhi ukwandisa umthamo wezitshalo eziluhlaza, ungasebenzisa izidakamizwa "Epin" noma ufake nje izitshalo ze-urea ezihlanjululwe emanzini. Ukukhula kuzosiza ukusheshisa ukukhula kwepelepele futhi kwandise ukuhluma kwazo - isidakamizwa esingathengwa esitolo esikhethekile.
Ukukhululeka
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa ukhula kusuka ensimini ngesikhathi. Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa le nqubo ngokukhulula indawo yempande. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungasebenzi umhlaba ngokujulile ukuze ungalimazi izimpande, eziseduze kakhulu.
Ukukhula "Ukugcoba", kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha ukukhula kwezitshalo, ukuze amahlathi angaphumi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phakamisa phezulu esiteji lapho le pepper isifinyelele ekuphakameni okufunayo. Ngakho-ke, izihlahla zizohlala zihlangene futhi zizohlakulela kamuva ngaphandle kwamahlumela aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ususe amaqabunga aphansi ngamanqamu. Engxenyeni engenhla yehlathini, kunconywa ukuba ushiye kuphela amahlumela enamandla kunawo wonke anemifino evundile.
Indlela yokwandisa isivuno
Ukuze uzuze izinga eliphezulu lokukhiqiza imifino ekhonjiwe, kuyoba usizo ukusebenzisa ezinye iziphuzo ezivela kubalimi abanolwazi:
- Izitshalo lapho izitshalo zizoboshwa khona kamuva kufanele zifakwe enhlabathini ngaphambi kokuba izitshalo ngokwawo zitshalwe. Ngakho-ke, kuyokwazi ukugwema ingozi yokulimala ezimpandeni zezitshalo.
- Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi, ngokujwayelekile, i-pepper enhle ithanda umswakama, kunconywa ukumboza izihlahla ezinamahlumela ngesikhathi semvula ukuze i-trunk ingaqala ukubola. Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi umswakama womhlabathi osemgodini awukwazi ukuletha izinzuzo ze pepper "Swallow", kodwa futhi ulimaze.
- Kunconywa ukuthi izimbali zokuqala ezakha efomini eliphezulu leziqu zizosuswa.
- I-pepper yokuqala kudingeka iqoqwe esigabeni sokuvuthwa kwezobuchwepheshe, kanti konke-kuphela uma sekuvuthiwe ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile! Akunconywa ukutshala pepper okubabayo namnandi embhede eduze kwabo, njengoba okugcina kungenambitheka ebuhlungu ngenxa yokuvota impova.
Ukuvuna
Ukuvuna kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi iziqu ezinesibindi zesitshalo. Izithelo zingavunwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwesikhathi se-fruiting futhi ziqhubeke zivunwa njalo ngesonto, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zikhula kanjani. Uma isimo sezulu sihle, okungukuthi: ukufudumala, ngezikhathi ezithile, imvula emifushane, bese kuthi phakathi nesikhala sonyaka 1. Amamithi ahlanzekile we-pepper angaveza cishe ama-5-6 kg wezithelo zamanzi.
Ngokusekelwe kolwazi olunikeziwe, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungavumelani neqiniso lokuthi kungenzeka ukuba ukhule pepper elimnandi "Swallow" engxenyeni yakho engadini ngisho nalapho uhlala khona ehlobo. Ukutshala nokunakekela izitshalo ezinjalo zemifino ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esiningi nemizamo, kanti ukuvunwa okunamanzi, okumnandi nokucebile kuyoba umvuzo omuhle emizamweni yakho.
