I-Kufeya iyinsimu enhle yonyaka noma engapheliyo ezofaka izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlobisa kunoma yimuphi umthamo, umbhede wembali, kanye ne-alley. Ngenxa yesimo sayo somzimba, izimbali zesitshalo zifana nokubhema ugwayi, yingakho bebiza iKufeya umuthi ugwayi. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokutshala nokunakekela kufey, kuphi futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo okufanele kukhule, ukuthi nini nokuthi nini ukumanzi, yiziphi umquba ongazondla.
Incazelo
Imbali ibizwa igama layo ngenxa yezithelo ezinhle, kodwa ezisontekile. "Kufei" ngesiGreki lisho ukuthi "ijika". Isitshalo se-Herbaceous esihlala emaphandleni aseningizimu naseningizimu eNyakatho Melika sesithole kabanzi ezweni lethu. Izinkuni ze-cigarette, ezimweni eziningi, zisetshenziselwa ukuklama nokuhlelwa kwemvelo, kodwa abanye osomabhizinisi bakhula ukuze baqoqe i-lauric acid bese bethengisa emakethe. 
Ezindaweni zasemakhaya kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-250 zalesi sitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalimi bahlale bebonisa izinhlobo ezintsha ezivezwe ngokugqamile futhi eziluhlaza. I-Mexico ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yembali, lapho kwenzeka ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili - unyaka owodwa nesikhathi eside.
Kubalulekile! Igebe eliphakathi kwezihlahla zaseKufei lapho lifika kufanele libe okungenani ngu-35 cm.
Emkhakheni wezwe lakithi, lobu buhle buvame ukutshala njengesitshalo saminyaka yonke, kodwa abalimi abathile bezintandokazi bakhetha ukucabangela i-kufeya evamile ekhishini. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu, lapho ama-winters engabonakali khona ngamaqhwa amaqabunga, umuthi wesigwayi ungakwazi ukunqoba kalula futhi uhlakaze ukuqubuka kokuqala ngasekupheleni kukaMashi.
Isici esiyingqayizivele sembali yiqiniso lokuthi liqhakaza kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya kuphakathi kuka-Septhemba. (Kumelwe uvume ukuthi ukuhlobisa noma yiliphi i-park landscape noma i-flowerbed yendlu ibalulekile kakhulu). 
Amaqabunga aseKufei ayingqayizivele, imbali eluhlaza okomnyama, encane, efana ne-oval egcwele ngokuphela. I-shrub ngokwayo ingafinyelela ukuphakama kwama-40-50 cm, kodwa abaqambi bezwe bezobuchwepheshe banganikeza isitshalo nganoma yisiphi isayizi ngokusika izihlahla njalo. Izimbali zalolu buhle zincane, kodwa ngesitshalo esisodwa zikhulu kakhulu. Ubukhulu bemifino bubanzi kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-3.5 cm. Umbala wezimbali ungahluka: u-red-red, purple-violet, i-lemon-emhlophe.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo
Njengoba sishilo, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250 zalesi sitshalo esiyingqayizivele, kodwa iningi labo alihlukanisi njengendwangu yokuhlobisa. Abalimi be-flower amateur ezweni lakithi bayazi kuphela izinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-kufei, esizozichaza ngokuningiliziwe.
Kufeya waphakanyiswa
Loluhlobo lwemithi kagwayi luyisihlahla esinomthelela kakhulu futhi enhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke bakhetha ukuyikhula ezimweni zasendlini, kuma-balconi, ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu - emasimini noma emibhedeni yembali. I-Kufeya izopolopolnaya inamagatsha anamandla anwebekayo angaphuli ngisho nomoya oqinile, ngakho ukumnakekela ekhaya ngeke kuthathe umsebenzi omningi. 
Lolu hlobo lwe-shrub lulula ngokwanele ukusabalalisa ngokusika, ngakho-ke ama-cuttings amancane angathengwa cishe kuwo wonke ama-flower shop. I-exfoliate isihlahla somgwayi uhlotshiswe kakhulu ngezimbali eziningi ezincane ezikhanyayo.
Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala sengathi i-shrub ibanjwe umlilo futhi iyashisa ngokubomvu obomvu, obomvu, omhlophe noma obomvu. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo luthando oluningi olukhanyayo, lokushisa nokuningi, ngakho esifundeni saseMoscow nakwezinye izindawo ezisenyakatho nasenyakatho yeRussia kungcono ukuyitshala ebhodweni bese uligcina endlini.
Kufeya obomvu obomvu
Okuhle kakhulu futhi othandekayo yizimbali eziningi zezimbali zezimbali. Iqukethe amafomu ama-compact encane, ngakho-ke ivame ukukhulekelwa ngezimo zangaphakathi. Lesi sitshalo sabizwa ngegama lezimbali ezinhle ezibomvu, ezisehlathini elincane lingaba ngaphezu kwekhulu. Phakathi kwabantu baseKufeya, ubomvu obomvu buyaziwa kangcono ngokuthi ugwayi. 
Lesi sidlaliso savela ngenxa yezimbali eziye zahlukanisa imibala nemibala emnyama emaphethelweni (imibala emnyama emaphethelweni anikezela umqondo wesigarethi esibhekiweyo). Lesi sitshalo sithandana, sibekezelela kakhulu amaqhwa, sithanda umswakama ophezulu.
Kufeya microlepaste
Kwezinye izincwadi zangaphandle, lolu hlobo lwe-shrub lungatholakala ngaphansi kwegama elithi candy bush. Kuyinto ehlekisayo, kodwa isiteketiso esinjalo sakhiwe ngesizathu. Isihlahla se-candy sinemifino enhle ekhanyayo yama-pink eveza uketshezi olumnandi, olunamathele ngephunga elimnandi. I-shrub ifana kakhulu ne-kufeya izsopolistnuyu (inomshini ofanayo ohlangene namahlumela e-lignified), kodwa isitshalo se-microleped sinamacembe hhayi kuma-axils weqabunga, kodwa ngaphezu kwawo. 
Amaqabunga amancane, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aluhlaza, aluhlaza. Amapetali amancane kakhulu, acishe angabonakali ngenxa ye-calyx ende. I-Calyx yellow, ngaphakathi - eluhlaza. Isihlahla sogwayi lwe-microseeding sivame ukutholakala emasimini nasemapaki asezindaweni eziseningizimu, lapho ubusika bunzima kakhulu. Abaflorisi bakhetha ukukhula le shrub evulekile, lapho kudonsela khona izinambuzane eziningi zokuvuna (izinyosi, izinyosi).
Lanceolate
Izinhlobo ze-Lanceolate zezitshalo zangaphandle zihluke kakhulu kumalungu angaphambilini we-genus. Lesi sihlahla sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-0.8-0.9 futhi asisekho amafomu anjalo. Noma kunjalo, i-kufeya lanceolate iyisitshalo esithandekayo sezinkampani eziningi zasemazweni aseningizimu. Lapho, imbali ivame ukutholakala emapaki, izingadi, izindawo zokuhlala kanye nezindawo. Ikhangisa ngezimbali zayo ezikhethekile, ezihle futhi ezikhanyayo, ezingenakuqhathaniswa nanoma yini enye. 
Izimbali ezinombala ezibomvu zingacatshangwa kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya ku-Okthoba. Isihlahla sogwayi esine-lancet sisakazwa yizimbewu ezisakazwa yizinambuzane ezihlukahlukene, izilwane kanye nemimoya evuthayo.
Ukufika ekhaya
Ukukhula kufei kusuka emakhaya ekhaya akuwona umsebenzi onzima, ngakho-ke noma yimuphi umlimi we-novice angayiphatha ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ungathenga imbewu kunoma yisiphi isitolo sembali. Ku-sachet eyodwa-gram kukhona imbewu engaba ngu-300 (lokhu kwanele ukutshala yonke indawo yalezi zitshalo ezinhle). Njengoba lesi sitshalo sinothando, kungcono ukutshala imbewu izithombo endlini. Ungaqala ukufika ekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
Ngokuba izithombo, ungasebenzisa izindebe ezincane, ezansi lapho kunezimbobo ezimbalwa ezincane. 
Inhlabathi yezitshalo nezitshalo ezindala zenziwa ngokusho kwefomula efanayo: kuthathwa engxenyeni eyodwa ye-peat, i-sod ne-leaf umhlabathi, kanye ne-humus, ngaphezu kwalokho, phansi kwesigamu somfula kuhlanganiswe engxenyeni. Imbewu eyodwa noma ezimbili zitshalwe ekujuleni kuka 2-3 cm ekomishini ngayinye. Emva kokutshala, izinkomishi kufanele zimbozwe ngeglasi noma ukugoqa eplastiki. Ama-Sunrise avela kakade ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7. Kufanele zigcinwe endaweni elala kahle futhi enomswakama ekushiseni kwe-+ 20-22 ° C (mhlawumbe efasiteleni).
Uyazi? Kusukela kwezinye izinhlobo ze-tropical, i-kufei ikhiqiza amafutha, okuyinto ngezici zokunambitha kufana kakhulu nekakhukhunathi.
Ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni, izithombo zidinga ukutshalwe kabusha. Ukukhethwa kwendawo kungokwakho. Kuzoxhomeka kusiphi isifunda sezwe lethu ohlala kulo. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu ze kufey zingatshalwa ngaphansi kwezulu elivulekile.
Indawo engcono kakhulu kuyoba: ohlangothini oluseningizimu wesayithi, ngokukhanyisa okuhle, ukungabi namandla okungahambisani nendawo emhlabathini kanye nokungabi khona kwemimoya enamandla. Ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni nasenyakatho, ukufakelwa kabusha kungcono kakhulu lapho kwenziwa khona amandla okujula, ngoba i-shrub idinga ukufakwa endlini (ehlobo itholakala emgwaqweni). Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uKufeya uyakwazi ukubekezelela amaqhwa amancane (kuze kube ku--12 ° C), ngakho gcina lokhu engqondweni uma ukhetha indawo yokuhlala. 
Uma ukutshala umuthi kagwayi kuzokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izihlahla, khona-ke yonke imithetho engenhla iyabonakala: ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi, ukukhanyisa, umswakama, izinga lokushisa. Kuphela lapho uhlwanyela ama-cuttings kudingeka ukhethe masinyane umthamo omuhle lapho lesi sitshalo sizokwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokugcwele okungenani izinyanga ezingu-6-9 zokuqala.
Ukuzala
Izihlahla zakwaMexico zingasakazeka ngokusika noma ngokusebenzisa imbewu. Kudingeka ukunciphisa ama-cuttings bese uhlwanyela emhlabathini emazingeni okushisa we-18-20 ° C, kungcono kakhulu okwenziwe entwasahlobo. Udinga ukuhlukanisa amathiphu wokugubha amahlumela ngommese obukhali ngecala elincane. Izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe zesitshalo zifakwa emanzini afudumele izinsuku ezingu-7-10. Emva kwalesi sikhathi, ama-cuttings akha ama-root, alungele ukutshala enhlabathini elungiselelwe.
Ukuze kuhlume kangcono, abalimi batusa ukutshala ama-cuttings amaningana kwisitsha esisodwa. Emva kokuvela kwamacembe amabili wesithathu, lesi sitshalo kumele siphume. Kulesi simo, i-kufeya izokhula ilukhuni, iqhakazile futhi inhle. 
Uma ukwandisa imbewu ye-Kufa, udinga ukulinda kuze kube sekupheleni kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okwenzeka ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbewu evuthiwe iqoqwa ezimbali futhi yomiswa kancane elangeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu iphathwa ngendlela efanele ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate. Imbewu etshalwe ingahlwanyelwa ngisho nakwekuwa, kepha isitshalo kufanele inikezwe ngokunakekelwa okufanele endlini: ukukhanya okuhle, izinga lokushisa, kanye nomswakama.
Ukunakekela
Ukuze i-kufeya iqhubeke njalo futhi iqhume ekhaya, idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Ukushisa
Ukuze uqukathe isitshalo ngesikhathi sehlobo sasehlobo-ehlobo ekwindla kuyadingeka emazingeni okushisa ka 18-25 ° C. Izimo ezinjalo zizobe zihamba phambili ngenqubo evamile yokucubungula. Ebusika, izitshalo ezingapheli zidinga ukunikeza izinga lokushisa eliphansi, elizohluka phakathi kuka-12-15 ° C. 
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-kufeya ingakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo inqubo yezimbali ingaba yinde kakhulu. Ababelethi nabo baletha izinhlobo ze-shrub ezinamagatsha angama-frost angakwazi ukumelana nama-winter ngamazinga okushisa afike ku- -12 ° C.
Ukunisela
Isihlahla saseMexico sithanda ukuthambisa kanye nenhlabathi enomanzi. Ivela endaweni lapho umswakama womoya uhlale uphakeme kancane kunomswakama emoyeni esifundeni sethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezishisayo eziseningizimu yeNyakatho Melika, imvula ivame kakhulu kunezwe lethu.
Udinga ukuphuza i-kufey izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto, ikakhulukazi ngokucophelela udinga ukulandela ukuchelela ngesikhathi sokubhakabhaka, khona-ke isihlahla sizobe sithe xaxa futhi sinezimbali eziningi, ezikhanyayo eziningi ezikhanyayo.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-Kufey ifakwe ohlwini, ingalahlekelwa wonke amaqabunga!
Kubalulekile ukuthi umswakama ubangele igumbi lonke lobumba. Uma umuthi ugwayi ukhula endlini yakho esitsheni esikhethekile, kufanele udle amanzi kuze kube yilapho amanzi eqala ukugeleza kusuka emigodini ephansi. Qinisekisa ukuthi isibongo siphelile. I-flower does not tolerate the high humidity in the soil, ngakho-ke kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukudonsa okuhle lapho utshala.Ebusika, lapho i-shrub isesikhathini esibi, ukuchelela kumele kuncishiswe izikhathi ezingu-3-4. U-Kufeya uthanda ukwelapha kwamanzi, ngakho uhlanza amaqabunga nezimbali njalo kuye.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Umuthi wesigwayi uyingqayizivele umthandayo womanyolo. Kungadlalwa kuyo yonke inkathi yezimbali, khona-ke ukukhanya nezimbali kuzoba mnandi nakakhulu. Umanyolo ungathengwa kunoma iyiphi i-flower shop (kungcono ukuthenga isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi nazo zonke izimbiwa ezikhona).
Ulungele umanyolo olinganayo ngokulingana kwe-potassium, i-phosphorus ne-nitrogen ekubunjweni. Isixazululo esinomsoco senziwa kusukela ekubalweni kwe-20 g yomanyolo per 10 l amanzi. Ungathenga nokugqoka okhethekile ngamaqabunga nezimbali, wenze izixazululo ezinomsoco, uphefute i-shrub (izinqubo kufanele zenziwe kanye ngezinsuku ezingu-10-14). 
Ukudubula
Le shrub yaseNyakatho Melika iyakwazi ukufinyelela ubukhulu bayo obukhulu ngesikhathi esifushane (ikakhulukazi ngokunakekelwa okufanele). Amahlumela ayo afinyelela ukuphakama kwe-0.5-0.9 m, ngakho-ke kumele ahlale egawulwe. Ngenxa yobuhle behlathi, abakhi bemvelo abaningi benza izibalo ezihlukahlukene ze-geometric futhi banikeze ubuhle obuhle be-kufei. Ayikho imithetho ekhethekile yokusika izihlahla, udinga nje ukunciphisa amahlumela asheshayo, ukudala isimo esihle sehlathi.
Ukufakelwa
Ukufakelwa kwesitshalo esincane kwenziwa njalo entwasahlobo. Njalo ngonyaka, udinga ukubuyisela i-Kufa embizeni yokuphakama nokuphakama okukhulu (ubukhulu bepharamitha ngayinye kufanele bukhule ngo-2-3 cm). Uma ububanzi bebhodlela bufinyelela ubukhulu buka-25 cm, ukufakelwa kwesitshalo kungenziwa kaningi kangako - kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Uyazi? Abantu baseMexico bakholelwa ukuthi i-kufeya iyakwazi ukuzama abantu, ngakho ifakwa emahhovisi amnandi nakwezinye izindawo ezigcwele.
Uma usuthela isitshalo, kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukubunjwa kwenhlabathi (sikhulume ngalokhu ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko) kanye nemithombo emihle. Ukugeleza kungakhiwa kusuka emathunjini, izitini eziphukile noma ubumba obanzi. Phakathi nenqubo kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande zesitshalo (uma ezinye zazo zithintwa, bese ususa ngokucophelela). Masinyane emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo, isitshalo siphuziswa kakhulu futhi sondliwa.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ngokuvamile, i-kufey ithintwa yi-powdery isikhutha nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-fungal. Uma uhlelo lwempande lembali luwela infungeni, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esicacile senhlabathi emanzi. Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-fungus emhlabathini ezungeze isitshalo yizi: ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama emagqabeni, ukubola kwamahlumela kanye nekhanda lempande. Ukuze silwe nezifo ze-fungal kufei kudingeka sisebenzise izidakamizwa ze-fungicidal (sebenzisa ngokwemiyalo).
Ukuze silwe nezifo zendlu, lezi zitholakalayo ziyasetshenziswa: "Scor", "Topsin-M", "Fundazol", "Topaz", "Glyocladin", "Fitolavin", "Fitoverm".
Amazolo kaMealy nawo aphethwe yi-fungi, udinga ukulwa nawo namafungicides. Isibonakaliso sokuqala se-powdery isikhutha singama-grey amancane emaqabunga. Ngesinye isikhathi emaqabunga e-kufei, izindawo ezincane ezibomvu noma ezimnyama zingabonwa. Lezi zindawo ziyisibonakaliso sokuqala kokuntuleka kokulandelana kwe-ferum (iron) emhlabathini. Kulesi simo, imifino eyinkimbinkimbi idinga ukwengeza izingxube nge-microelements ze-ferum.
Izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ezivela kufei yizi: izibungu zesicabucabu, i-thrips ne-shchitovka. Ngokunqotshwa kwe-spider mite emahlumela namaqabunga kungabonwa iwebhu enhle. Lezi zinambuzane zivame ukuvela ngenxa yomoya omile ekamelweni lapho kugcinwa khona umuthi ugwayi.
Ukuze ulwe nezibungu zesicabucabu, ungasebenzisa izinambuzane (ngokusho imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa) noma isisombululo esinomsoco we-sodium potassium (20 g isepha ngalitha yamanzi). Sebenzisa isisombululo seseti ukugeza kahle iqabunga ngalinye kanye nawo wonke amahlumela. 
Uma iKufey ishaywa yi-scythe, khona-ke izinambuzane noma isisombululo se-soque se-potassium sopho kufanele zisetshenziswe (ngendlela efanayo nangokwesikhashana esidlule). Isibonakaliso sokuqala sezinambuzane ezivikela isihlangu ama-tubercles amancane amnyama emaqabunga (lawa ama-shells). Uma i-shrub ihlasela i-thrips, amaqabunga ayo aqala ukubola futhi ayenze ngekhanda. Ukulwa nama-thrips, baqala ukusebenzisa indlela yokugqoka (hlamba amaqabunga ngaphansi kwamanzi), bese ubaphatha ngezinambuzane.
Ekugcineni, ngingathanda ukuphawula ukuthi i-kufeya izoba umhlobiso we-chic nganoma yiliphi ikhaya, ingadi, umbhede wembali, ithala noma ipaki. Ngisho nabalimi abaqalayo ngeke babe nezinkinga ekunakekeleni izihlahla, ngakho-ke ningathenga ngokuphephile izintelezi zaseMexico nezitshalo ekhaya. Ubuhle be-kufei zezimbali kuzokukwenza uthande isihlahla ngisho nangaphezulu.
