Manje abantu abaningi bazi nge-turnips kuphela ngenxa yezinganekwane ezidumile zezingane lapho akhule khona-enkulu kakhulu. Ngemuva kokusabalala kwamazambane, cishe sekuyeke ukukhula, nakuba ngaphambi kwalokho kwakungenye yezitshalo ezinkulu zemifino eYurophu. Abalimi manje baye baphinde banaka i-turnip: kuyinambitha, inempilo, ingenakuzithoba futhi inenzuzo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze isivuno sibe nesicebile futhi sinambitha, udinga ukwazi ukuthi uzitshala kanjani futhi ukhule kanjani i-turnips ensimini evulekile. Njenganoma yiluphi ibhizinisi, kukhona ezinye iziqili.
Izici ezijwayelekile zomasiko
I-Turnip iyisitshalo se-biennial cruciferous (isihlobo esiseduze seklabishi). Ngonyaka wokuqala izitshalo ezinomsoco zikhula futhi i-rosette yamaqabunga ikhula, futhi okwesibili umcibisholo umcibisholo ukhula, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona ama-inflorescences (ngokuhlwanyela okungafezeki, lokhu kungenzeka ngonyaka wokuqala). Umsuka ungaba flat, round and elongated. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinezimpande ezitshalisiwe ziyi-fodder (nazo zibizwa nangokuthi i-turnips), kuyilapho izitezi kanye nezinye ezizungezile zisetshenziselwa amakamelo okudlela.
Futhi ukuhlukanisa inyama emhlophe nenyama ephuzi inyama. I-turnips isetshenziselwa kokubili okuluhlaza futhi emva kokupheka: ingaphekwa, ibhakwa, ifakwe, ifakwe ku-stews kanye nama-saladi.
Uyazi? Enye ye-subspecies ye-turnip - i-Peking iklabishi (i-Brassica rapa pekinensis).I-Turnip iqukethe inani elikhulu le-potassium, i-magnesium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-iron ne-iodine. Icebile kumavithamini B, kanye namavithamini A, C, PP no K.
Kunconywa ukudla okwelashwa kweziguli ezinezifo zenhliziyo, izifo zesigubhu sezimathumbu kanye neziguli ezine-gout. Ixhumane kahle, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukudla kwezingane. Futhi badla amaqabunga anesiphuzo esimnandi se-mustard. 
Izici zokufika
Naphezu kokungahloniphi kwe-turnip, ngokulima okungalungile nokuwunakekela emhlabathini ovulekile, ungathola izimpande "ezikhuni" ezibabayo esikhundleni somsuka omuhle ophuzi olumnandi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele ukulungiswa kanye nezimo zokufika.
Njenge-turnips, umndeni wakwaCrucifer uhlanganisa iklabishi yaseShayina, i-alissum, isithombo seShayina, i-mattiol, iklabishi omhlophe.
Izimo ezikhulayo
I-Turnip idlala ilanga futhi ayithandi ama-drafts, ngakho-ke khetha indawo enothileyo, indawo ethule. Ungalitshali lapho izihlobo zayo eziqhamukayo zikhula - iklabishi, i-horseradish, isithombo, i-radishes noma i-watercress ngonyaka odlule. Uzozizwa esakhiweni sokutshala kwamazambane ngonyaka odlule, ukhukhamba, utamatisi kanye nemifino.
Ukulungiswa komhlaba
Yize i-turnip yesihlobo ingasetshenziswa kahle, uma unquma ukutshala le mifino, kuzomele ulungiselele umhlabathi. Njengemifino eminingi yezimpande, ikhula kangcono ekukhanyeni, inhlabathi evulekile, njenge-peat, loamy noma isihlabathi. 
Futhi akayithandi inhlabathi evumelisiwe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuba nenqubo yokukhawulela ngaphambi kokutshala i-turnip emhlabathini ovulekile noma ukuthulula umhlaba ngomlotha (ngesamba cishe ngo-150 g / sq. M).
Sitshala ama-turnips ezweni
Izithombo azilungiselelwe ukutshala: lapho isimo sezulu nokushisa kwansuku zonke kuvumela, bahlwanyela i-turnips ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Lokhu kuyisiko esingenqamuki, ngakho imbewu iqala ukuhluma kakade ekushiseni kwe + 2 ... +5 ° C futhi ingakwazi ukumelana namaqhwa amancane, nakuba izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokukhula kwezithombo yi-+18 ° C.
Kubalulekile! I-Turnip ungakwazi ukutshala kabili: okokuqala ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi ukuvuna kwasekuqaleni kwehlobo, kanti okwesibili ekupheleni kukaJuni ukuthola izitshalo zezimpande zokugcina isikhathi eside ebusika.
Izwe endaweni engakaze itshalwe ikhululiwe, ihlanganiswe kancane futhi yenziwe imifula ebangeni elingama-20-25 cm komunye nomunye. Imbewu isetshenzisiwe, ukutshala inani lembewu engaba ngu-2 nge cm. 
Imbewu imincane kakhulu, ngakho ukuqinisekisa ukuhlwanyela okufanako, ungakwazi ukwengeza isihlabathi njengesi-ballast noma ukunamathela emgqeni wephepha. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela, imibhede igcwele umquba, futhi emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zimbozwe ngomlotha.
Ukunakekelwa kahle kwesiko
Lapho izithombo zisencane kakhulu, zizodinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Futhi njengoba i-turnip ikhula, kuzothatha isikhathi esincane ukuyikhathalela.
Funda futhi ngezinzuzo nezingozi ze-turnips.
Ukunisela
Inani lomswakama emhlabathini lithinta kakhulu izinga lempande: uma likhula ngokuntuleka kwamanzi, izithelo ziyoba ezibabayo, ezinomsoco futhi "zokhuni". I-Turnip idinga amalitha angu-30 wamanzi ngetitha ngalinye lokubeka. Uma uhlangana, unganciphisa inani lamanzi, kodwa uma ihlobo limile - kungcono ukuthi ungalingi.
Ukunakekelwa komhlabathi
Ukuze i-turnips ibe mkhulu, ifanele futhi ifomu elifanele, kufanele ihlale ilula, ikhula futhi ikhulule inhlabathi ukuze ithuthukise i-aeration yezimpande. 
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-mulch (indlela engcono kakhulu - ifani noma utshani) kuzokwenza kube lula ukunakekela izitshalo ezikhulile. Uma kuhlanganiswa akudingeki ukuba ukhula umbhede bese ukhulula inhlabathi.
Uyazi? I-turnip ibhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yaseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Lokhu kungenye yamasiko amandulo kakhulu akhuliwe ngumuntu: ukutshalwa kwawo kwenzeka eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-4 000 edlule.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinambuzane nezifo
I-Turnip ingaphansi kwezifo ezifanayo futhi idonsela izinambuzane ezifanayo nezinye izitshalo ze-cruciferous (iklabishi, isithombo, isithombo):
- I-Quila - Isifo sofuba esithinta umndeni we-cruciferous. Ezimpandeni zezitshalo ezithintekile ukukhula okuyizinhlangothi eziyindilinga zakhiwa, okuzobe sezibola. Izitshalo ezigulayo ziphelile, ziphele isikhathi. Izitshalo zomsuka ngenkathi zingakhiwa. Ngokuvamile, izitshalo zigula ngamanzi aphelile noma lapho inhlabathi iyancipha. Ukugeleza okuhle, ukuphazamisa noma ukuguqula umhlaba kanye nokujikeleza kwezitshalo ezifanele kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezifo.
- I-black flea - amabhungane amancane amnyama, angaba ngu-3 mm ubude. Esikhathini sokuzulazula, izimpande zengu-turnip, isithombo nesithombo zidliwa. Izidakamizwa zidla izimbobo emaqabunga, zishiya isikhumba esingaphansi siqine. Ukukhishwa njalo kwenhlabathi ezungeze ukutshala kuzokuvimbela i-beetle esiteji, kodwa kungcono ukuphatha izitshalo ngesisombululo sika-0.1% se-Actellica noma sePhoxima uma kuvela.
- Spring Iklabishi Fly - inambuzane engaba ngu-6 mm ubude (izibungu zifinyelela ku-8 mm), ebeka amaqanda emithandeni e-cruciferous. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-7, kubonakala sengathi i-larva idlulela ezimpandeni, iyidla, iqhubekele ezimpandeni nasezihlahleni zezitshalo. Uma usebenzisana nale nkathazo, ukujikeleza kwezitshalo nokuvuna kwembhedlele kubalulekile. Ungahlanza izitshalo ngesisombululo se- "Ambusha", futhi ukubhekana kahle neklabishi fly "Anometrin" noma "Corsair".
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukuze ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpande izitshalo zidinga okuningi potassium. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokondla le nto izoba ngezikhathi ezithile (kanye emva kwamasonto amabili) ukuchelela ngamanzi ashisayo (ingilazi yomlotha - amalitha ayishumi amanzi). Lokhu ngeke nje kwondle isitshalo, kodwa futhi kwandise i-pH yenhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Ungafaki i-turnips nge-nitrogen fertilizer: uma zigcwele, izimpande zingakhula zikhulile futhi zibaba.
Ukuvuna nokugcina
I-turnips ekhulile, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo zamaviki angu-6-12. Akudingekile ukuba perederzhivat it emhlabathini - uma ukuvuna ngesikhathi kungagciniwe, izimpande kuyoba ezimbi futhi ezingenakwenzeka. Izinhlobo ezindala kufanele zihlanjululwe ngaphambi kweqhwa: izithelo ezibanjwe frost ziyoba ezibabayo, ezithambile futhi ezingenalutho, futhi ngeke zigcinwe isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kokuvuna, izithelo ngasinye kumele zifinyezwe phezulu, zingashiyi ngaphezu kwe-2 cm. I-turnips ishiywa ukuze yome emoyeni omusha, bese ifakwa endaweni emnyama, epholile (isibonelo, emiphongolweni) lapho ingagcinwa khona isikhathi eside kuze kufike entwasahlobo ezayo. Noma kunjalo, kungcono ukuyidla ekuqaleni, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukunambitheka akuguquki kangcono.
Ngeshwa, namuhla le mifino enelanga ilangazekile. Kodwa isilinganiso sokuzuza nokunambitheka, akuletha kuwe, emizamweni esetshenziselwa ukulima, kufanelekile ukuze umnike isakhiwo encane kusayithi lakho.
