Ukukhethwa kwamazambane okutshala ezweni noma isakhiwo kuyindaba ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba izinhlobo ezifanele ziyisihluthulelo sokuvuna okuhle. Namuhla kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zemifino, futhi zonke zihlukile komunye nomunye ngokunambitha, umbala, usayizi nezinye izici.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze "Blue" ziye zathola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabalimi abaningi ngenxa yokuthi zilula ukulima, isethulo esihle futhi kunambitheka kakhulu kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Esihlokweni sethu sizokwazi kabanzi mayelana namazambane athi "i-Blue", sizofunda incazelo yalezi zihlukahlukene futhi sizokwazi ukubukeka siwubonise isithombe, futhi sizohlaziya impendulo evela kubalimi abanolwazi ngalolu hlobo.
Incazelo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe ngabalimi baseRussia futhi ngo-1993 zangena kwiRejista Yombuso yeRussian Federation. Unobungane kuya kumamaki asezingeni elide, njengoba inkathi yonyaka okhulayo isukela ezinsukwini ezingu-80 kuya kwezingu-100 emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala.
Ukutshala amazambane "Okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" ensimini yakho, ngesikhathi sezimbali, uzothola uhlobo lwebhedi le-cornflower. Izimbali eziningi ezikhanyayo ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngezikhathi ezithile eziphaphathekile zifakwe emhlathini walezimpande, ezenza igama lezinhlobonhlobo. Amahlathi ngokwawo afinyelela ukuphakama okulinganiselwe, kodwa ayisitshalo esimnandi esineziqabunga eziluhlaza eziluhlaza. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhula ngobukhulu obukhulu - isisindo samanzi amazambane ashintsho kusuka ku-90 kuya ku-150 g. Inomumo ojikelezayo, umbala we-beige nezinhlobonhlobo ezincane. Isikhumba ngokwawo sincane, sinomshini omuhle ebusweni. Inyama yamazambane imhlophe, ithenda, inomuthi ophezulu we-starch nokucwilisa okuhle. Amazambane anjalo afanelekile ekwenzeni umoya ocibilikile.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zezambane, ngaphandle kokudla okumnandi, nazo ziphilile kakhulu. Zinezinhlobo eziningi ze-potassium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium nensimbi. Amavithamini afana no-C, B, B, B, B, D, K, E agcwele folic acid, i-carotene nama-acids e-organic: i-malic, i-oxalic, i-citric, ikhofi, i-chlorogenic, njll.
Uyazi? Amazambane ebiza kakhulu emhlabeni wonke abhekwa ngokuthi "La Bonnotte", ekhulile esiqhingini saseNoirmoutier. Kuyinto enhle futhi enhle kakhulu. I-kilogram yamazambane amazambane anama-euro angu-500.
Izici zezinhlobo ezikhulayo
Amazambane "Aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" ngoba izici zalo ezinhle kakhulu zithole impendulo enhle evela kubalimi abaningi. Njengoba banqume ukukhulela emibhedeni yabo, kufanelekile ukujwayela izici ezihlukahlukene.
Indawo yokufika
Indawo yokufika kufanele ivule, ifakwe kahle futhi ifudumele ilanga. Akudingekile ukucacisa kulezi zindawo ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma umcibisholo. Izindawo ezingezansi azifanelekile, lapho izinto ezinjengokuqhuma nokuqhuma kwamanzi zivame ukuhlala khona.
Qinisekisa ukuthi ucabangela ukujikeleza kwezitshalo lapho utshala amazambane. Okufanelekile kuye kuyoba yizindawo lapho ukhukhamba, iklabishi, noma yiziphi izitshalo, nazo zonke izitshalo ezisemthonjeni ezisetshenziselwa ukukhula. Ungatshali amazambane ukuze uthathe utamatisi kanye nepelepele.
Kubalulekile! Uma indawo ethize isabelwe amazambane engadini yakho futhi ukhula lo mifino kuwo unyaka nonyaka, qinisekisa ukuthi ulima epulazini nendoda eluhlaza emva kokuvuna isivuno esilandelayo. Umasipha omhlophe ulungile ngalokhu.
Uhlobo lomhlabathi
Ibanga elithi "Blue" lihluke ekungeneni kwenhlabathi. Ikhula ngokuphumelelayo kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe futhi inamandla okuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukene. Ikhula kahle enhlabathini enesihlabathi neloamy nge-texture engavamile. Isimo esiyinhloko sokuhluma okuhle ukushisa kwenhlabathi akusilo ngaphansi kwama-degrees Celsius ayi-7. Amazambane athanda inhlabathi evundile futhi uzobonga kakhulu ngomanyolo wokuqala wamaminerali ngaphambi kokutshala.
Uyazi? Umqondo wamazambane awukhawulelwanga kwezitshalo zempande, ezikhula kuphela emibhedeni emhlabathini. Izihlahla zamazambane zikhula kuyo yonke indawo ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika. Zifinyelela kumamitha angu-15 ukuphakama futhi zikhiqize izithelo ezingenayo i-purple-black kanye namajikijolo unyaka wonke.
Imithetho yokutshala izinhlobo zokuzalanisa isiRussia
Ukukhula okuhle nokuvuna okunempilo kwamazambane lapho utshala kufanelekile ukulandela imithetho elula.
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokufika
Ngokusekelwe ebufakazini babalimi abathola amazambane athi "aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kithi, kanye nangempendulo evela kubalimi abanolwazi abaye bahlanyela kakade lokhu okuhlukahlukene, ekuqaleni kukaMeyi kuthathwa njengesikhathi esihle sokutshala amazambane emhlabathini.
Uma unyaka ofudumele futhi phakathi nentswasahlobo isimo sezulu sesiphelile ihlobo, ukufika kungenziwa amasonto ambalwa ngaphambili.
Into eyinhloko akuyona ukulibazisa le nqubo: ukulahlekelwa isonto noma amabili, kunengozi enkulu yokuthi amazambane azolondolozwa kahle, iphesenti lokuqukethwe kwesitashi ezilimo eziyizigaxa liyokwehla, noma nje ngeke likhule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekwakheni amazambane asetshenziswe ngasekupheleni, inani le-nitrate liphakeme kakhulu.
Ukulungiselela nokutshala amazambane
Okokuqala, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi kunezindlela ezimbili zokutshala lezimpande: amakhilomitha namagquma. Amagquma asetshenziswa izakhamuzi zezifunda ezinomswakama ophezulu, futhi zitshalwe emagqumeni owomile emagqumeni. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungabhubhisi amaqanda amazambane, ukuze izimpande zidle ngokukhululekile futhi zenze izithelo. Ngokuvamile ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa ligcinwa kusuka ku-70 kuya ku-90 cm, naphakathi kwehlathi-30 cm. Emibhedeni, amazambane ayancipha ngamasentimitha ayi-6, kuyilapho emagqumeni ukujula kukhula ku-8 cm.
Ngaphambi kokulahla i-tuber emgodini, umqubuzana omquba womquba noma umquba uphonswa kuwo, umlotha omncane, futhi ungangezela izinyoni zezinyoni ngendlela ye-powder. Yonke le nhlanganisela ihlangene nomhlabathi futhi ifafazwe umhlaba ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Emva kwalokho, i-tuber igxila emgodini ihluma, ingcwatshwe, kanti inhlabathi iyabhalwa nge-rake. Uma amazambane okutshala inkulu kakhulu - kufanele ahlukaniswe. 
Kubalulekile! Uma isimo sezulu sokukhula sishisa kakhulu, ungasebenzisa futhi ungahlwanyeli nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukujula kokufika kuyanda ngo-10-12 cm.
Indlela yokunakekela "i-Blue"
Ngemuva kokuba izilimo eziyizigaxa zisemhlabathini, kufanele ulinde kuqala amahlumela, bese ubona izithelo, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukhathalela izitshalo zakho. Ukunakekela ezihlukahlukene "Blue" kuyinto evamile izitshalo zalolu hlobo.
Ukunisela
Lezi zinhlobo azikhethi futhi azidingi ukuchelela njalo. Ikhula kahle ngisho nokuntuleka kobumswakama, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukunisela imibhede yakho njengoba kudingeka, ngokusekelwe ezimweni zenhlabathi nezimo zezulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, lokhu kuyoba izikhathi eziningana phezu kwesikhathi sonke sokukhula.
Ukuzikhethela kwabo okukhulayo okuhlukahlukeneyo kwamazambane yiRosara, Irbitsky, Gala, Adretta, Koroleva Anna, Luck, Kiwi.
Ukulima nokukhuphula
Ukuvama njalo nokukhulula kuyadingeka ukuze kube nesitshalo njengamazambane. Lezi zinqubo zikhulisa ukugeleza komoya kanye namaminerali ezimpandeni, futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwezimpande ezingezansi, okukhulisa kakhulu izinga lokuvunwa kwalesi sitshalo. Ukufaka isiqu esihlahleni bese ukhulula ungqimba ophezulu womhlaba kufanele wenziwe ngemuva kokunisela noma imvula ngayinye, lapho inhlabathi isivele iminyene wonke amanzi, kodwa ayinaso isikhathi sokuma. Lokhu kungukuvimbela ukwakhiwa kwamagundane emhlabathini emva kokuswakanyiswa. 
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Amazambane abathanda kakhulu umhlaba okhulile, kanti izinhlobonhlobo ze "Blue" zizokubonga kakhulu ngokudla okwesikhashana. Lo mcimbi ungenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene usebenzisa izinto ezihlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa:
- Izinyembezi zezinyoni. Ngaphambi kokuba imibhede ehlathini yezintaba iphuze amanzi nekhambi lale thuluzi ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esisodwa kuya kweshumi.
- Korovyak. Njengomanyolo wokunisela, balungiselela isiqalo esilandelayo: 1 litre lomquba omusha + 10 amalitha amanzi. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, uketshezi kumele kusetshenziswe.
- Izitshalo zomuthi. Ukuze lokhu kufanelane nanyana yikuphi utshani, othululwa ngamanzi begodu obunwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuhlanjululwa ukukhanya kombala obomvu, emithonjeni enamanzi. Le nqubo iyasiza emahlathini amazambane ngoJuni, lapho adinga i-nitrogen.
- Urea Ama-10 amalitha amanzi udinga ukuthatha ama-200 g we-urea, 300 g we-potassium monophosphate kanye no-10 g we-boric acid. Ngalesi sixazululo, ungondla izitshalo emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, bese kuthi njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili kuze kube yimifino. Ngaphambi kokuqala kudingekile ukuhlaziya i-agent ngokuphindwe kabili ngamanzi.
- Superphosphate. I-100 g yomkhiqizo ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi kanti amahlumela aphikisiwe nawo kusukela ekuqaleni kokuzimbali futhi ngaphambi kokuvuna.
- HUMATE +7. 10 amalitha amanzi 2 g wezidakamizwa. Phatha ngaleli thuluzi ukuqala uma iqabunga le-4 livela esihlahleni. Isikhathi - amaviki amabili.
Izifo nezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene
Ukuphikiswa kwezifo eziningi kungenye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zamazambane "Bluhlaza". Iveza kahle izifo ezifana nomdlavuza, isikhumba, i-rhizoctoniosis, i-Alternaria, Y kanye nezinhlobo eziningi zokubola. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sezulu esimanzi, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinengozi yokuthola ukulimala kwekwephuzile.
Uma le nkathazo yenzeka, udinga ukulungisa isixazululo esilandelayo: amalitha angu-10 amanzi, 150 g we-lime kanye no-100 g we-sulphate yethusi. Noma amalitha angu-10 wamanzi angu-40 g wezidakamizwa "Hom". Kufanelekile ukuphatha izitshalo ngalezi zindlela ezibonisweni zokuqala zokutheleleka okulimazayo. Kodwa kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-20 ngaphambi kwesidingo sokuvuna.
Uma amaqabunga e-chlorosis esebenzisa isisombululo samanganese sulphate ngamanzi (5-7 g ngalinye 10 amalitha). Izimpawu zokutheleleka ngalesi sifo ziyoba amaqabunga ahlanyekile nombala omnyama obomvu we-vascular system of the plant.
Kusukela emaqanda amazambane adumile - i-Colorado amazambane beetle - ngizosiza izidakamizwa ezinjengokuthi "uMlawuli", "Iskra DE" no "Dilor". Isibambiso sokugcina sezihlahla sibalulekile kathathu. Ngokumelene nebhere kukhona izindlela ezinhle kakhulu "amaMedvetok". Ungathenga lezi zidakamizwa kunoma isiphi isitolo esikhethekile futhi kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela imiyalo ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Ukuze ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nazo zonke izinhlobo zezilokazane kuhlale imibhede yokhula ngamazambane, ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula eduze kwehlathi. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane ngokuvamile zihlala eduze nokhula lwokhula.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga ze "Blue"
Sihlunga zonke izinzuzo nezinsalela zezitshalo zamazambane "Bluhlaza".
Izinzuzo zalo zihlanganisa:
- Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kwezifo ezivame kakhulu kanye namagciwane.
- Ukumelana nesomiso.
- Isitshalo esiphakeme (kusuka kumamitha ayizigremu angamakhulu angamakhulu angamathani ungathola ukufika ku-1.5 amathani amazambane)
- Ukuphikiswa kwamafutha
- Ikhono eliphakeme lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezihlukene zokukhula.
- Ukungathobeki emhlabathini. Ukuzimisela ukukhula nokuthela izithelo ngisho nasezweni elinamazinga aphakeme angaphansi komhlaba.
- Ukunambitheka kwamazambane
- Uhlobo lokuhweba uhlobo.
Izinhlobonhlobo "ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka" zifanelwe uthando lwabalimi abaningi, amazambane alo ahlukaniswa izici zabo ezinhle, nabo bonke abakhulayo emibhedeni yabo iminyaka eminingi, bancome abanye ukuba babe abanikazi balesi sinambitheka, abangenakuzithoba, kulula ukukhula nokunakekela imifino yezimpande futhi bazihlanyele ingadi.
