Esinye sezimo eziyinhloko zokuthola isivuno esihle se-eggplants yisimanyolo esifanele futhi esifanele.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi nini futhi nini, ukuze unikeze imiphumela emihle.
Izici zomanyolo we-isitshalo seqanda
Ama-fertilizer e-isitshalo seqanda angasetshenziswa kuphela ukuphatha uhlelo lwempande ngezixazululo ezilungiselelwe ngokukhethekile noma ukuxuba okumile.
Ukusebenzisa indlela yokunisela kanye nokusetshenziswa komquba omusha akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. 
Lokhu kungaholela ekwehleni nasekufeni kwesitshalo ngesikhathi esincane. Uma ama-fertilizer ane-phosphorus ne-nitrogen aqukethe ama-eggplants, ageze ngamanzi ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile! Unganamanzi ama-eggplants kaningi - umswakama owedlulele uzobangela ukuthi bafe.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungadluli ngokugqoka okuphezulu, ngoba ukugqithisa kwabo kungaholela ekutheni amahlumela akhule kakhulu futhi emuhle, kodwa ngeke kube khona ama-ovari kuwo.
Ukudla kwekhalenda yehlala ehlobo
Ukuze lesi sitshalo sibe nempilo enempilo futhi sivunwe kahle, kubalulekile ukunamathela eminye yemigomo yomanyolo.
Ukudla kokuqala - akekho ngaphambi kwezinsuku eziyi-15 emva kokuduka. Uma ufaka isihlahla ekuqaleni, kungase kube nomthelela omubi ohlelweni lwaso lwempande.
Ukudla okulandelayo kufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe esimweni somhlabathi. Ingqikithi, ngoba inkathi ingenziwa kusukela emisebenzini engu-3 ukuya kweyesihlanu yokufaka umquba wokutshala. Njengomthetho, zigcinwe emva kokutshala izithombo, ngesikhathi sezimbali kanye nesikhathi se-fruiting. Uma ngesikhathi semvula ekwindla ingeziwe emhlabathini, khona-ke inganciphisa ukunikezwa okunye okungeziwe.
Funda futhi ngezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zezitshalo zeqanda zokutshala endle.
Amaminerali nezitshalo eziphilayo
Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle, kumele usebenzise okunye amaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo.
Ake sihlale eqenjini ngalinye lokugqoka.
Ukudla kwamaminerali
Ukungabi nalutho kwezakhi kungathinta ukukhula kwesitshalo seqanda. Sinikeza ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zomuntu ezithinta.
- I-nitrogen. Kubalulekile ekukhuleni kwe-shrub. Ngokuntuleka kwayo kokukhula kwehlathi kuyashesha, okunye okuthinta ukuvuthwa kwezithelo.
- Phosphorus. Ngenxa yalesi sici, uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo luya kahle. Ithonya ukuthuthukiswa kwama-ovari, okufaka isandla ekwakheni kwawo. Ngosizo lwezithelo ze-phosphorus zivuthwe ngokushesha.
- Potassium. Ubamba iqhaza kwinqubo yokwakheka nokukhula kwesitshalo seqanda. Kuyasiza ukwandisa ukumelana nokubukeka kwezifo zezitshalo kanye nokusabela kwayo ekushintsheni okushisayo okushisa.
- I-Manganese, i-boron, insimbi. Kudingeka ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yemifino nokwandisa isivuno.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi wonke ama-fertilizer kufanele ayenziwe ngokwemiyalo, ngoba ukungabi khona kwabo noma ukungaphezu kwalokho kungalimaza izitshalo.
Uyazi? Ngokokuqala ngqa, amaqabunga, njengeziko ezidliwayo, aqala ukutshala eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-1 500 edlule eNdiya.
Isitshalo seqanda semvelo
Amakhomitha alandelayo afaneleka emthonjeni wemvelo wokufaka umanyolo: i-mullein, i-droppings yezinyoni, umquba obolile kanye nomquba.
Kuphoqelekile ukubatshengisa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, bese ubahlanza ngomhlabathi. Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa umquba omusha, ngoba inani elikhulu le-nitrogen elikulo lingase libe nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwemifino.
Izici izithombo zomanyolo kanye nezihlahla ezindala
Ngezigaba ezahlukene zokukhula, isitshalo sidinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile. Ngezansi sichaza indlela yokutshala ama-eggplants, kuye ngokuthi isigaba sabo sentuthuko.
Zijwayele ngemithetho yokudla izitshalo ezifana namakhukhamba, ukolweni, amagilebhisi, i-pepper kanye nama-strawberries.
Isithombo
Abalimi abaningi banesithakazelo kumbuzo wendlela yokutshala izitshalo zeqanda. Isikhathi sokuqala udinga ukwengeza umanyolo emhlabathini ngesikhathi ulungiselela imibhede. Kusukela kuhlobo luni lomhlabathi esakhiweni esihlongozwayo sokufika, futhi kuxhomeke ekugqokeni okuphezulu.
Uma unomhlabathi we-loamy phambi kwakho, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ibhakede elilodwa le-sawdust nomquba nge-1 sq. M, bese ufaka i-peat - ngamabhakede amabili. Izakhi eziqukethwe kule ngxube zizosiza ukuqinisa nokuvumelanisa isitshalo.
Kubalulekile! Ukushisa kwenhlanganisela esetshenziselwa ukugqoka kumelwe okungenani kube ngu-22 °C. Uma kubanda, lo mzimba ngeke ukwazi ukwenza isistimu.
Uma ukutshala kuzokwenziwa enhlabathini yobumba, kuyadingeka ukucebisa izithombo ngeqoqo elibalulekile lezinto zokulandelela. Ukwenza lokhu, balungiselela ingxube elandelayo: ibhakede elilodwa lomquba ovuthiwe, ibhakede elilodwa le-sawdust nesihlabathi, amabhakede amabili we-peat.
Lapho utshala izithombo ezitshalweni zomhlabathi ezitshalisa izitshalo zeqanda izitshalo zizofaka amabhakede amabili emhlabeni, ubhakede owodwa we-humus, ibhakede elilodwa le-sawdust.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
Isikhathi sokubhakabhaka singenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ngokuqondile ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi ukutshala okufanele kwezitshalo kumele kwenziwe. Enye yezinketho eziphumelelayo ukugqoka okwesibhakabhaka okuqukethe umquba nohlaza.
Ukuze wenze ingxube enjalo, kubalulekile ukusika isikhumba, okubandakanya ama-nettle, amaqabunga e-plantain ne-dandelion. Ekugcineni, kufanele uhambe ngo-5 kg wezinto zokusetshenziswa. Izipuni eziyishumi zomlotha kanye nebhakede le-mullein zengezwa kule nhlanganisela. Esikhathini esiyinhloko esilandelayo sithelelwa ngamabhakede ayisikhombisa samanzi futhi sisho izinsuku eziyisikhombisa. Lelixazululo liphinde lisetshenziswe ngendlela yokunisela. Ngaphansi kwesitshalo ngasinye kuyadingeka ukuthululela 1 l yenhlanganisela.
Phakathi ne-fruiting
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha ukuthi izithelo zivuthwe kanjani, futhi zondla ngamavithamini ngalesi sikhathi. Ukuze ulungiselele, kufanele uhlanganise izinyoni ze-bird (ibhakede elilodwa) nezibuko ezintathu ze-nitrophoska. Khona-ke le nhlanganisela igcwele amanzi futhi igxilile. Isixazululo kumele sithathwe phakathi nesonto.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yamanoni e-potassium aqukethe isitshalo seqanda, umzimba ulahla uketshezi okweqile, okwenza kube nokujwayelekile kwamanzi okusawoti emanzini.Ngemuva kokungcoliswa, ubukhulu buxutshwe kahle futhi buyatshala izihlahla eziyi-1.5 l ngalinye.
Izitshalo ezivuthiwe, ikakhulukazi ama-eggplants efaka umquba emva kokukhetha, kuzosiza izitshalo ezincane ukuba zikhule futhi zikunike isivuno esicebile.
Uveza isiko lokufaka umquba emhlabathini onomhlabathi ompofu
Uma isitshalo sitshalwe enhlabathini enhle, i-mulching eyenzeka njalo, ukugqoka kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ezinyathelweni zokuqala zokuqala. Isikhathi sesibili sokufaka umquba ngaphambi kokuvuna, kanti okwesithathu - ngenkathi kuhlanganiswa izithelo ezinkambisweni ze-lateral. Ngalokhu ungasebenzisa lezi zingxube ezilandelayo:
- Isixazululo se-ammonium nitrate - 5 g;
- Isixazululo se-superphosphate - 20 g;
- isisombululo se-potassium chloride - 10 g
Futhi kumanyolo, ungasebenzisa ingxube yomquba we-humus noma umquba wokubola. Ngesikwele esingu-1. m uzodinga 6 kg.
Uma inhlabathi lapho izitshalo ze-eggplants etshalwe khona kunzima, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukondle njalo ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Okokuqala kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezingu-14 emva kokuphuma. Ukulungisa ingxube ichithe u-2 g wamanyolo wamaminerali ebhakedeni lamanzi. Amanzi ngesilinganiso sama-0.5 amalitha ehlathini ngalinye.
Kuzoba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde ngezinkinga ongahlangabezana nazo uma ukhula ama-eggplants nokuthi ungawaqeda kanjani.
Lapho ukondla okwesibili kungaba yindlela enhle kuyinto ephilayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlanza i-1 kg ye-mullein ebhaketheni lamanzi. Isixazululo esilandelayo kufanele sisetshenziswe izinsuku eziyisikhombisa, emva kwalokho sixutshwe futhi siphuziswa ngezitshalo ze-0.5 l nge-shrub.
Ukugqoka kwesithathu nokwesine kungenziwa nge-urea. Ibhakede elilodwa layo lizodinga isipuni esisodwa. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye uthele i-1 litre lenhlanganisela.
Isihluthulelo sokuvuna okucebile akusiyo kuphela ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo nezitshalo zokunisela. Iziqu, ezivumela ukwandisa isivuno futhi zenze izithelo zibe ngcono, zibe usizo olubalulekile kule ndaba.
