I-Tithonia isitshalo esimnandi somndeni ka-Astrov. Umbala wakhe okhanyayo, ongakabonakali uvame kakhulu, uheha abalimi. Elinye igama laso liyaziwa - ubhekilanga waseMexico - okubonisa ukubukeka nendawo yezimbali. Kubathandi bezangaphandle, sekuyisiko ukwazisa izitshalo hhayi kwamanye amadolobha nakwamanye amazwe, kepha nakwamanye amazwekazi. Ngakho-ke, silindele ukukhula kwesidingo se-titonium eminyakeni ezayo.
Incazelo
Isakhamuzi saseMexico savela okokuqala eYurophu kanye nabanqobi baseSpain. Esimweni sezulu esishisayo nasendaweni esishisayo, lesi sitshalo siziphatha njengengapheli, kodwa lapho siphakathi nendawo sivame ukukhula njengonyaka. Ukuze ijabulise ababusi isikhathi esingaphezu kwesizini eyodwa, kungenzeka ukuthi sikhule izihlahla ngeziqalo zezimbali, ezilethwa egumbini elifudumele ebusika.
Emvelweni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-10 zale mbali, kepha sine-titonia ejikeleze kakhulu ejikelezayo. Ihlukaniswa ngamaqabunga ama-oval noma ama-ovoid anendawo ephezulu engenhla ne-pubescent.
Isitshalo sikhulu ngokwanele ukuthi izihlahla ezinotshani zifinyelela ku-1.5-2 m ukuphakama futhi zifinyelela ku-1.5 m ububanzi. Amahlumela amaningi akha umqhele oyindilinga noma wepiramidi, lapho kutholakala khona izimbali eziphuzi, ezisawolintshi nokubomvu okubomvu, ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-5-8. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza (kusuka ngoJulayi kuya ku-Okthoba) ingadi igcwele iphunga elimnandi. Naphezu kokuphakama okukhulu nobude besiqu, anamandla kakhulu futhi azinzile emoyeni, ngakho-ke i-garter eyengeziwe ayidingeki.
Izinhlobo
Abafuyi basebenza njalo ezinhlotsheni ezintsha ukujabulisa abalimi. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezinjalo sezaziwa:
- ukukhanya okubomvu - izinhlobonhlobo zikanokusho ezinamabibi angafika ku-1.5 m nama-daisies amaningi amakhulu wezimbali zewolintshi ne-terracotta;
- ithoshi - esihlahleni kuze kufike ku-1.5 m ubude kanye nama-50 cm ububanzi, kukhiwa izimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu esiqwini esifanayo esibomvu;
- I-Fiesta del sol - ubukhulu besihlahla abudluli ku-50 cm, lumbozwe ngezimbali ezincane zewolintshi;
- ithoshi eliphuzi - isihlahla esingamamitha ayi-1,2 ubude sihlotshiswe ngezimbali eziphuzi.
Ukuzala kabusha
I-Titonia isatshalaliswa izithombo, imbewu itshalwa kusengaphambili emabhodweni ukuyithola. Ukuhlwanyela emhlabathini ovulekile kuzodingeka kwenziwe emuva kwesikhathi, okuzokwenza amandla amahlumela, kunciphise isikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuvuthwa kwembewu.
Imbewu ivunwa ngo-Okthoba. Ukuqoqwa kwenziwa ngokucophelela ukuze fafaza imbewu kusuka efihlekile. Amakhanda asikwa ngokucophelela abekwe ebhokisini noma ebhodini, abashiya kulo uphahla, esibayeni noma kwelinye igumbi. Ngemuva kwalokho zibekwa ephepheni noma esikhwameni sendwangu.
Ukuphela kukaMashi noma ukuqala kuka-Ephreli kubhekwa njengesikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa emgqonyeni wenhlabathi okhanyayo. Zinezinde, zikhulu impela (zingaba yi-1 cm ubude) futhi zinzima, ngakho-ke ungagcina ibanga le-10-15 cm phakathi kwazo.Ukuhluma kangcono, ungacwilisa imbewu izinsuku ezingama-3-4 kusicubu esimanzi ngokufakwa kwe-manganese. Izitshalo zicindezelwa kancane emhlabathini bese zichotshozwa ngumhlabathi. Ibhokisi libekwe kwisilayidi esikhanyiselwe bese ligcina izinga lokushisa lomoya ku + 18 ° C. Ngezikhathi ezithile nisela umhlaba ngamanzi afudumele, kepha vumela indawo yomile.
Izitshalo ziyavela ngokuthula; lapho kuvela amaqabunga eqiniso e-4, athatha futhi adluliseleke kumabhodwe ahlukile. Manje udinga ukuqinisa kancane izithombo ngokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa kwesikhashana. Ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ungatshala izitshalo engadini endaweni eqhubekayo, ugcine indawo eyi-50 cm phakathi kwezihlahla. Umhlabathi kumele ukhululwe, kufakwe i-peat nesihlabathi. Indawo yokumisa khetha ilanga.
Ukunakekelwa Kwabantu Abadala
Izimpande zizwela kakhulu ukuqina komswakama, lapho zibola khona masinyane, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcwalisa amanzi kunokuwugcwalisa. Uma ehlobo amazulu adingekayo ewa, ukuthambisa akudingeki nhlobo. Ukusindisa amaqabunga nezimbali othulini, ungafafaza imifino ngezikhathi ezithile kwibhodlela lokufafaza.
Ukuze wakhe isihlahla sesimo esiyindilinga, kuyadingeka ukunamathisela amaqabunga aphezulu wesithombo esisha. Lokhu kuvusa ukukhula kwamahlumela akamuva. Ngale ndlela, umqhele ungakhiwa futhi, isitshalo singakubekezelela kalula ukuthenwa.
Izithasiselo zeTitonium, ezikhula enhlabathini ezinothile, azidingeka. Kepha uma ikhwalithi yomhlaba ishiya ukuthi ifiseleke, umanyolo wethulwa ngezigaba ezintathu:
- ngemuva kokuthatha, bondla nge-humus yenkomo;
- kuze kube yilapho kwakheka amahlumela, inhlabathi ifakwe umlotha;
- esikhathini sokuqala sokuqhakaza, zalisa nge-mullein noma ngomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi.
I-Tithonia ikhula kahle ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okungafanele. Ukunisela kaningi nokugqoka okuphezulu kuzolimaza kuphela. Bazonciphisa inani lezimbali ngokukhula okuningana kwama-greenery noma kuholele ekwakhekeni kokubola.
Ukumelana ne-Titonium
I-Tithonia iyimbali emelana kakhulu; okuwukuphela kwenkinga kungaba ngama-aphid. Uhlala ngemuva kwamaqabunga futhi aphuze ujusi, aphazamise ukuphefumula kwakhe nemetabolism. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zizosiza ukubhekana nale nkinga:
- umhlonyane;
- ugarlic
- ugwayi
- upelepele;
- anyanisi;
- izinaliti zikaphayini.
Abanye abalimi bathanda ukusebenzisa isixazululo sensipho noma ama-insecticides ane-ethyl alcohol.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-titonia
I-single titonia bush izoba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu ozimele wensimu. Ingatshalwa emasangweni noma emabhishi. Ungasebenzisa amabhasi ukudala uthango bukhoma, imicengezi noma indawo yokukhosela yezinsika nezinye izakhiwo ezingezinhle. I-Titonia izokwenza isizinda esihle sezitshalo eziphakeme kakhulu, lapho ibekwa khona ngemuva. Ihlala eduze ne-peonies, i-daisies ne-cochia. Izimbali ezinkulu nazo zibukeka zimangalisa ekuqambeni kwasimbali.
