ISelaginella, neyaziwa ngegama le-plug, iyisembozo esingumhlabathi esingenamaphepha esinamaphepha okuvula. Abatshali be-Bright bathandwa kakhulu ngabatshali bezimbali, kodwa hhayi wonke umuntu ozonquma ukuthola isitshalo esinjalo somood. ISelaginella idinga umswakama ophezulu kakhulu, ngoba ekhaya, ehlathini lemvula, ingaba semanzini izinyanga. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule i-selaginella ekhaya, ngokubonga kuyothokozela ngamahlumela angavamile.
Incazelo yeBotanical
USelaginella ungowomndeni ohlukile wempilo kaSelaginella yokuphila kweplun. Okusho ukuthi, akusona isikebhe noma isitshalo esinehaba futhi sikhona emhlabeni isikhathi eside kunesinye sazo. Izinhlobo ze-Epiphytic nezasemhlabeni zenzeka kuhlobo. Onke anezinhlokomo ezinwabuzelayo noma ezikhuphukayo nezinqubo eziningi ezacile zempande.
Emagatsheni amafushane aqoshwe ngamahlamvu, amaqabunga amancane acishe abe ngu-5 mm ubude atholakala eduze. Bona, njengesikali, bamboza amahlumela futhi abanikeze ukwakheka okuvulekile. Amapheshana ama-matte noma acwebezelayo anemibala emibili enesisekelo esithambile futhi angathatha ukwakheka okuhlukahlukene. Umbala wamahlamvu uyahlukahluka kusuka kokukhanya okukhanyayo okuluhlaza okuluhlaza okotshani. Futhi kunezinhlobo ezinemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma yensimbi yamaqabunga.
Amanye amagatsha e-selaginella aphela ngama-spikelets amancane nge-sporangia yezimo ezahlukahlukene. Izinhlobo eziningi ezinkulu noma eziningi zesitshalo ziyavuthwa kuzo.
Izinhlobo zeSelaginella
Uhlobo lwe-selaginella luningi kakhulu, lunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-700. Kodwa-ke, abanye babo kuphela abakwazi ukuvumelana nesiko. Ethandwa kakhulu yile elandelayo:
Selaginella Martens. Isitshalo siqukethe amahlumela aqhakazile, aqhakaze kakhulu aze afike ku-30 cm ukuphakama. Ngendlela, afana kakhulu nama-fern frond. Njengoba amagatsha ekhula, angahle ehle kancane. Umbala wamaqabunga uluhlaza okotshani nge-sporangia yegolide.
Ibanga lokuhlobisa USelaginella Martensi Jory noma uYori inosayizi onesizotha xaxa futhi iheha ngamathoni abuthakathaka. Amabhishi acwebile anamahlumela aqonde ngombala oluhlaza olukhanyayo kanye nokusaphaza kwegolide okusakazeka kusuka ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika.
USelaginella akanamlenze. Le nhlobonhlobo ngenxa yokuhlobisa kwayo ifuneka kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi. Iziqu ezinwabuzelayo ezimfushane zinesimo esingajwayelekile futhi zimbozwe ngotshani ngamaqabunga amancane aqoshiwe. Embizeni, isitshalo se-selaginella sakha isigqoko esiminyene noma ukhaphethi oluhlaza oqinile.
Selaginella scaly (lepidophyllum). Iziqu ezihlotshisiwe ezifika ku-10 cm ubude zingamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile aluhlaza. Ngokungafani nezinye, lolu hlobo lukhula ezindaweni ezingamagwadule. Ngokuntuleka komswakama, iyoma futhi igobe ibe yibhola elikhanyayo, futhi ngenkathi yezimvula iyavula iphinde iphile futhi. Ngalesi sici, lesi sitshalo sasibizwa ngokuthi "isitshalo sokuvusa" noma "iJeriko rose."
Selaginella Swiss. I-perennial iqukethe amahlumela axegayo ngaphezulu, akhinyayo. Zimbozwe ngamaqabunga amakhulu ngokulingana okuluhlaza okotshani. Emaphethelweni amaqabunga mancane, i-cilia ejwayelekile.
Selaginella Vildenova. Amahlumela ahlanganisiwe, aqinayo noma ahlanganayo amboza amaqabunga amancane. Anombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuhlanganiswa okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-selaginella kuvame ukwenziwa ngezindlela zemifino. Ukuze ukhule uhlupho kusuka ku-spore, udinga ukwenza umzamo omkhulu futhi noma kunjalo umphumela awuqinisekisiwe.
Entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ungahlukanisa isihlahla esidala saba izingxenye eziningana. Imvamisa, amahlumela anezimpande eziningi ezincane, ngakho-ke ukwahlukanisa kungenzeka ezindaweni ezincane. I-Delenki kufanele itshalwe ezimbizeni ezincane ezinomhlabathi we-peat. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, kubalulekile kakhulu ukugcina umswakama ophezulu.
Ungasakaza i-selaginella ngokusika kwe-cutout. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuthatha ingxenye yesiqu esingaba ngu-5 cm ubude.Ukubangelwa kwethambo kwenziwa nge-peat emanzi. Kunconywa ukufafaza amahlumela kaningi noma ukumboze nge-foil bese kuphuma umoya njalo. I-Rooting ithatha amasonto ayi-1-2, emva kwalokho isitshalo siqala ukukhiqiza amahlumela amasha.
Izici Zokufakelwa
I-Selaginella idinga ukufakelwa njalo. Isitshalo sigcwalisa ngokushesha yonke imbiza futhi sidinga isikhala esisha. Inqubo yenziwa minyaka yonke noma njalo ngonyaka. Imbiza kufanele ithathwe ingajulile futhi ibanzi. Izinto zokwakha amanzi kufanele zibekwe phansi.
Umhlabathi wesicabucabu kufanele ube nomsoco, futhi ube nokusabela okungathathi hlangothi noma kwe-asidi. Ingakhiwa ngezinto ezinjalo:
- Peat;
- isihlabathi esihlanganayo;
- ishidi lomhlaba.
Ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, ingxenye yesigaxa esidala sobumba kufanele isuswe ukuze isitshalo sithola izakhamzimba eziningi ku-substrate entsha.
Izimfihlo Zokunakekela Izitshalo
Isimbali seSelaginella sinzima kakhulu ukusinakekela, abatshali bezimbali abaningi abaphili isikhathi eside. Akuwona wonke umuntu onganikeza indawo enomswakama efana nehlathi lemvula. Uma kunzima ukudala izimo ezinhle egumbini, khona-ke ungasebenzisa i-selaginella ekwenzeni ukwakheka kwebhodlela noma ukukhula nge-aquarium.
Isibani Indoor selaginella idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ingafakwa efasiteleni elisenyakatho noma igcinwe ngemuva kwekamelo.
Ukushisa Izinga lokushisa elikhulu egumbini lapho kukhula khona i-selaginella kufanele libe kububanzi + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Udinga ukusekelwa unyaka wonke. Isitshalo asidingi ukupholisa ubusika noma ubusuku. Uma i-thermometer ifundeka ngaphansi kuka + 12 ° C, i-selaginella ingafa. Kungcono ukuthatha lesi sitshalo sinikeze umoya omusha ehlobo kuphela uma kunendawo epholile nenomthunzi eduze kwedamu. Kodwa noma ngabe kunjalo, udinga ukunakekela ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kokungakapheli.
Umswakama umoya eduze nembali kufanele kube ngu-70-80%. Ukuze usilondoloze, kufanele ufafaze umqhele amahlandla ama-4-5 ngosuku, beka amaphallet ngamanzi noma ubumba olunwebekile olumanzi eduze kwalo bese uvula umswakama. Ebusika, udinga ukususa amabhodwe ebhethri esitshalweni ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukunisela. ISelaginella kuzodingeka iniselwe kaningi, inhlabathi kumele ihlale inomswakama kancane, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga ayojika aphuzi futhi omile. Amanzi afudumele endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni kufanele ahlanze kahle ukungcola. Kunconywa ukuyithululela epallet ukuze inhlabathi ithathe inani elifanele ngokwayo.
Umanyolo. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, udinga ukondla lesi sitshalo kabili ngenyanga. Sebenzisa isixazululo samaminerali wezimbali ezingena ngaphakathi endlini. Uhafu womthamo oboniswe kwiphakheji kufanele usetshenziswe.
Ubunzima ekunakekelweni
ISelaginella ijwayele ukukhukhula kwenhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile, ngakho kuyaqabukela ihlushwa ukubola kwezimpande. Ama-parasites nawo awakaze ahlasele isitshalo. Inkinga enkulu ukwakhiwa kwendawo evumayo yokukhula kobuhle bezindawo ezishisayo. Ngokuvela kwayo, iyakwazi ukubonisa ukunakekelwa okungafanele:
- kushiya mnyama futhi kufiphale egumbini elishisa kakhulu;
- amapheshana ezincwadi aba ukukhanya noma okusobala ngokukhanya ngokweqile;
- umoba uvezwa emakamelweni amnyama ngokweqile;
- amahlamvu asemaphethelweni amahlumela awomile futhi awele emoyeni owomile kakhulu;
- ishiya igoqo futhi iwele kokusalungiswa.
