ILeucanthemum ingamakhambi angapheli emndenini wakwa-Astrov. Ama-inflorescence awo amakhulu abucayi afana ne-chamomile ejwayelekile. Shono abantu bevame ukuyibiza ngokuthi "ingadi daisy." Igama elisemthethweni leucanthemum yi-leucantemum. Ama-inflorescence anika ingadi yezimbali isitayela semvelo obucayi futhi ihlukanise ezinye, izimbali eziqhakazile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-leucanthem ayilahleki nhlobo ngokumelene nesizinda esivamile. Izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa zinhle kakhulu ukuthi zingakwazi ukuhlala zodwa futhi zisetshenziswa emitshinini eyodwa. Ukugcwaliswa komhlaba kwendabuko kungaseningizimu yeYurophu, lapho ngokuzimela kuhlala amasimu amakhulu nezimbali ezinkulu. Ngokwesiko, lesi sitshalo siziphatha ngokungazethembi, ngokushesha sakha ukusakaza amasobho aqhakaza izimbali futhi sigcwalisa iphunga ngephunga elimnandi.
Incazelo yezitshalo
ILeucanthemum luhlobo lwezitshalo zisetshenziswa ezingasoze zabuna nezonyaka. Imidwebo eqondile, enamagatsha amancane angama-30-100 cm ukuphakama imbozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza aqhakazile. I-Oblong noma i-obovate amapheshana ane-petiole ende iyakhula ngokulandelayo. Bangaba ne-rose noma i-cirrus-dissected leaf plate emaphethelo emincane.
Ekupheleni kukaJuni, ama-inflorescences-basiketi ayi-6-12 cm ubukhulu eziqwini zawo aqukethe amacembe amade amhlophe qhwa kanye nomnyombo ophuzi. Emaphethelweni kukhona izimbali zomhlanga ezinombala omhlophe noma ophuzi, futhi lesi sikhungo simelelwa izimbali ezincane ezinombala obomvana okhanyayo. I-leucanthemum inflorescence ingaba lula, i-semi-kabili ne-terry, efana nembulunga yeqhwa.
Ezinye izitshalo ziyaqhakaza kabili ngonyaka. Okokuqala ngqa - ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo. Futhi futhi - ekupheleni kwehlobo. Ngemuva kokuvota, amabhokisi ezinhlamvu enezinhlamvu eziningi avuthwa ngomqhele oseceleni elilodwa phezulu. Kuma-1 g wezinto zembewu kukhona amayunithi aze afike ku-650. Imbewu emincane evlong igcina ukukhula kube iminyaka emi-3.
Izinhlobo zeLeucanthemum
Uhlobo lweLeucanthemum lunezinhlobo ezingama-70 zezitshalo, kodwa zimbalwa ezisetshenziswa engadini ejwayelekile.
I-Leucanthemum vulgaris (i-meadow chamomile). Isitshalo esingabekezeleliyo, esivumela umthunzi futhi sibekezelela isomiso ubude obungu-60-80 cm, sichitha ama-inflorescence-basiketi alula kuze kufike kububanzi obungu-8 cm. Izinhlobo:
- UMaxim Koenig - uvela cishe ekuphakameni okuyi-1 m ngamabhasikidi amakhulu alula angamasentimitha afinyelela ku-12 cm;
- UMay Queen - izinhlobo ezingaphansi (kufika ku-50 cm) ngezimbali eziphindwe kabili;
- I-Master - amathikithi afinyelela ku-60 cm ukuphakama ahlotshiswe ngezimbali ezimhlophe zeqhwa ezinomongo wegolide.
ILeucanthemum yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke. Isitshalo esidala esingama-50-100 cm amade sondla i-rhizome evundlile, ekhula ngamandla. Amacembe angenamaqabunga ama-lanceolate anemiphetho ye-gaudy apendwe luhlaza obumnyama. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, obhasikidi abanobubanzi obungafika ku-12 cm wesakhiwo esilula noma esiyinkimbinkimbi esivulekile. Kuze kube ukuwa, kuvela amahlumela amasha nezimbali. Izinhlobo:
- I-Alaska isitshalo esimelana nesithwathwa esinebhasikidi ezilula esingamasentimitha ayi-10;
- I-Snow Lady - unyaka omude minyaka yonke ngama-inflorescence afinyelela ku-17 cm ubukhulu, aqukethe amacembe abanzi nomgogodla ovuthayo;
- I-Wirral ephakeme - ama-inflorescence amakhulu e-terry aqhakaza amahlumela aze afike ku-80 cm ukuphakama;
- Inkosazana Encane - izinhlobonhlobo ezimfushane ezingama-20-30 cm ukuphakama ngezimbali ezilula;
- ISilo Princess - amathikithi afinyelela ku-40 cm ukuphakama ambozwe ngamaqabunga amahle aluhlaza omnyama anendawo ecwebezelayo, kanti izihloko zihlotshiswe ngamabhasikidi alula anobubanzi obungafika ku-6 cm;
- I-Broadway Lights isitshalo esiphakathi nendawo esinamabhasikidi alula nama-petals aphuzi akhanyayo.
ILeucanthemum inhle kakhulu. I-Intraspecific hybrid ifinyelela ku-1 m ukuphakama. Iziqu zawo ezinamandla, eziqondile zimbozwe ngumhlabathi ngamaqabunga amakhulu ama-lanceolate noma amaqanda afinyelela kuma-cm angama-30. NgoJulayi-Agasti, amabheshu alula ama-inflorescence-ububanzi obubanzi obungu-8-10 cm. Izinhlobo ezihehayo kakhulu i-Fiona Goghill e-hybrid. Obhasikidi abahle bethayela baqhakaza ngeziqu ezingafika ku-75 cm. Amacembe amancane anwebekayo ahlukahlukene ancishiswa kancane kancane aye enkabeni, adwetshwe ngombala omhlophe ophepheni. Lesi sikhungo sibuye sicwenge futhi sine-tint ephuzi le-lime.
Ukutshala imbewu
Imbewu yeLeucanthemum ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile noma izithombo. Izitshalo zitshalwa ekwindla noma ngo-Ephreli. Kulokhu, imithombo engajulile yenzelwe kude ne-20 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ukutshala ukujula kucishe kube ngu-2 cm. Masinyane nje ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi iniselwa kahle. Amahlumela avele emasontweni angama-2-3 ngemuva kokuncipha. Ekuqaleni, zikhula kancane. Ngonyaka wokuqala, i-nyvnyak ikhulisa ngenkuthalo isisindo sezimpande namahlamvu, futhi iqala ukuqhakaza kusuka ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Izithombo ezikhulile zitshalelwe emibhedeni yezimbali ngebanga elingama-30 cm.
Uma ukhulisa izithombo ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kukhona ithuba lokubona izimbali ngonyaka wokuqala. NgoFebhuwari, imbewu ihlwanyelwa kumakhasethi noma emabhokisini enesihlabathi se-peat enkulisa kuya ku-1 cm. Umhlaba uyaniselwa futhi umbozwe ngefilimu. Iziqukathi kufanele zigcinwe ekukhanyeni okukhona nasezingeni lokushisa lika + 22 ° C. Zonke izinsuku ziyadayiswa futhi ziyafafazwa. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuya kwezingu-20, kuthi emva kwalokho kukhishwe indawo yokukhosela bese izitshalo zidluliselwa egumbini elikhanyiswe kahle elinokushisa kuka + 17 ... + 20 ° C. Lapho kuqala amaqabunga amathathu eqiniso, bakhetha amabhodwe ahlukene. Njengamanje kulesi sigaba, inhlabathi ixubene ne-humus deciduous. Maphakathi noMeyi, izithombo esezikhulile zitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino
Ehlobo lonke, i-Leucanthemum ingagawulwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izinqubo zezimpande ngokukhishwa kwamaqabunga okugcwele kanye ne-rhizome encane. Basikwa ngecala elibukhali bese batshala ngokushesha emgodini olungiselelwe. Ngemuva kokutshala, inhlabathi iniselwa kahle.
Njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-5 i-nyvyanik yakha amasobho aminyene futhi iqala ukulahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Ukuze uvuseleleke, izihlahla zihlukaniswe izingxenye. Imikhono yenziwa entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kokuwa, ekugcineni kwezimbali. Isihlahla simbiwe ngokuphelele, sikhululwe engxenyeni enkulu yomhlaba bese sidilizwa sibe yi-Delenki encane, etshalwe emhlabathini omusha ngebanga elingama-30 cm.
Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo
Emhlabathini ovulekile, i-leucanthemum iziphatha ngokungazethembi. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthole izihlahla zokuhlobisa eziqhakaza kakhulu, kuyodingeka wenze imizamo ethile. Indawo yensimu yezimbali ikhethiwe elangeni elivulekile noma emjondolo omncane. Ngokukhanyisa okunganele, inani lezimbali liyancipha kakhulu, futhi iziqu zezinhlobo eziphakemeyo zigobile.
Inhlabathi yokutshala kufanele ivundile futhi ilula, kepha ingabi yomile. Kwenhlabathi enesihlabathi nesihlwathi, i-novyanik ikhula kabi. Akabekezeleli nenhlabathi ene-asidi kakhulu. Ama-chernozems afanele noma i-loams ephendula ngokungathathi hlangothi noma okune-acidic. Ngaphambi kokutshala, bambe umhlaba, benze umquba, u-peat kanye ne-humus.
ILeucanthemum idinga ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, kepha ngaphandle kokuqina kwamanzi. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, amaqabunga ayafisa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke athulula ibhakede lamanzi ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye. Ukuze inhlabathi ingomi ngokushesha okukhulu, ingaphezulu ligxunyekwe ngokhuni, izinzipho zokhuni noma izinaliti zikaphayini. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kuyadingeka ukhula emhlabathini eduze kwengadi yezimbali. Lokhu akugcini ngokufinyelela ukufinyeleleka kwezimpande, kepha futhi kuqeda nokhula.
Kabili ngenyanga, i-nyvnyak iyondliwa, kuguqulwa izakhiwo zamaminerali kanye ne-organic. Ungasebenzisa i-nitrofoska, isixazululo se-mullein noma ezinye izitshalo zezimbali.
Njengoba ama-inflorescence ebuna, uma kungenasidingo sembewu, ayanqunywa. Lokhu kuvuselela ukuqhakaza okuphindaphindayo futhi kuvimbele ukulahleka kwamandla kwesitshalo. Ekwindla, ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, iziqu ziyanqanyulwa futhi kushiywe amahlamvu e-basal kuphela. Ebusika, izitshalo zifakwe nge-peat. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zimbozwe ngamaqabunga awile kanye ne-spruce kuze kufike ku-15 cm. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, indawo yokukhosela iyasuswa ukuze izitshalo zingabukeki.
ILeucanthemum ingahlushwa izifo zokukhunta ngenxa yezifo zokukhunta (fusarium, ukubola, ukugqwala, iqabunga leqabunga, i-Downy mildew). Kwesinye isikhathi kuthinta umdlavuza wamagciwane. Ukusuka ezifweni kusiza ukufafaza umlotha nokufafaza nge "Bordeaux ingxube". Ama-parasites ahlukumeza izitshalo kuyaqabukela. Isikhathi nesikhathi kuphela lapho ungabona khona ama-thrips noma abavukuzi be-chrysanthemum kubo.
Kushiya ukwakheka komhlaba
Kubukeka kukuhle ekufikeni kweqembu. Imifino emincane, embozwe izimbali ezimhlophe, ifana nomcamelo omnyama ngeqhwa leqhwa. Ama-daisi amakhulu amakhulu aziphatha kahle lapho usikwa. Zisetshenziselwa ukwenza izingcezu zezimbali ezizoma emgodini wezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Engadini ehlanganisiwe yezimbali, i-nyvyanik ihlanganiswa ne-delphinium, i-cornflower nama-bluebell. Izinhlobo zedraw zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa umngcele noma igquma le-alpine.
