I-Fatsia isihlahla eside, esifushane esinamaqabunga okuhlobisa. Ungowomndeni wakwa-Araliev futhi usatshalaliswa e-East Asia (Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam). Emvelweni wemvelo, amaqhubu ayakhula futhi akha isihlahla esidlakudla esifinyelela kumamitha ayi-6. Ekuthambeni kwethu, iFatsia ikhule njengesitshalo esingamamitha elilodwa nesigamu. Amaqabunga amakhulu aqoshiwe anendawo ecwebezelayo ayindlela enhle yeFatsia, yize izimbali zingalindeleka kuyo. Ukuze isihlahla sigcine sikhulu futhi sikhulu, kumele kubhekwe imithetho embalwa elula.
Incazelo yezitshalo
I-Fatsia isihlahla esihlala sikhona esihlala sihlala njalo. Ine-Rhizome enamagatsha anamanzi futhi ihlumela elinamandla lokuhluma ngezinqubo ezilandelanayo. Izitshalo ezincane zimbozwe ngegxolo eliluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza kanye nenqwaba yokuzwakala. Amaqabunga ezihlahleni ezinde akhula ngokushintshana noma ngokuvunguza. Zinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onsundu nemithambo elula. Amahlamvu anqunywa kuma-lobes angama-7-9, ububanzi bawo bufinyelela ku-35 cm.Izitshalo ezindala zimbozwe ngamaqabunga ahlakazekile kakhulu. Izingxenye zepuleti lamaqabunga ziyakhonjiswa; zinamacala abushelelezi noma amakamela Amaqabunga aphansi agcwele noma ahlukaniswe ngama-lobes angenamandla abhalwe ngokubuthakathaka.
Izitshalo zabantu abadala maphakathi noma ekwindla sekwemboziwe zimbozwe ngezimbali. Isambulela esiyinkimbinkimbi inflorescence sikhula maphakathi nesihlahla. Ikhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-30 futhi iqukethe ama-inflorescence amancane, anama-bulb afinyelela ku-4 cm ubukhulu. Izimbali ezincane ezinamakhekhe zenziwe ngopende omhlophe noma ukhilimu. Ziqukethe i-ovary kanye nama-stamens amade amahlanu. Izinhlwayi zivezwa buthaka futhi zifana nomngcele omfishane we-wavy uzungeze umongo.
Ngemuva kokuvota, isibeletho sakhiwa esibelethweni esingaphansi ngesithelo esincane samatshe esiyindilinga size sifike ku-0.5 cm. Ipendiwe emnyama noma i-injongo emnyama. Izithelo zibukeka zingaphansi kokuhlobisa njengezimbali.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo
Uhlobo lweFatsia yi-monotypic, okungukuthi, imelelwa uhlobo olulodwa kuphela oluyinhloko - fatsia japanese. Ngokwesisekelo sayo, izinhlobo ezixubile ezihlotshisiwe kanye nezokuhlobisa ezingabizi kangako ekunakekelweni ziyabhulwa. Bahlukaniswa ngamahlamvu angajwayelekile, usayizi nezinye izici. Izinhlobo ezithakazelisa kakhulu:
- I-Argentinaeimarginatis - amapheshana asemngceleni womugqa omhlophe ongalingani;
- I-Aureimarginatis - umngcele emaphethelweni amaqabunga unombala ophuzi wegolide;
- I-Annelise - ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-chlorophyll emaqabungeni, ipendiwe ngokuphelele ngombala ophuzi wegolide;
- I-Mazeri - isihlahla esivuthayo kakhulu, kodwa esigcotshisiwe esinamaqabunga aluhlaza obumnyama;
- I-Tsumugi Shibori - amacembe amhlophe-amhlophe ambozwe ngephethini eluhlaza eceleni kwemithambo.
Abalimi abaningi banesifiso se-hybrid Fatsii ivy ehlukahlukene - fatshedera. Lesi sitshalo sinamaqabunga amahle amakhulu, kepha amahlumela mncane. Iziqu zingaboshelwa esisekelweni noma kwesokunxele ukuze zilenga kusuka kwiphakethe lezimbali elilenga.
Imithetho yokuzalanisa
I-Fatsia isatshalaliswa yimbewu, ukusikwa kanye nokubekwa kwezimpawu. Ukusakazwa kwembewu, udinga ukuthola imbewu entsha. Masinyane ngemuva kokuqoqwa, ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni ezihlukile noma emabhokisini angajulile ngesihlabathi, i-turf nenhlabathi enamaqabunga. I-landings isondele ekujuleni kuka-1 cm. Isitsha simbozwe ngefilimu bese sibekwa egumbini elimnyama lokushisa lomoya lika + 25 ... + 27 ° C. Amahlumela avela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-25-30. Izithombo ezincane zikhula kuqala amaqabunga. Lapho sezikhulile, fakelani ezimbizeni ezincane ezihlukile. Bakhule endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, efudumele.
Ukusabalalisa i-fatsia ngokusikwa, amahlumela ama-apical anamaqabunga ama-1-2 asikiwe. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuzalela intwasahlobo kanye nehlobo. Ama-cutways asuselwa enhlabathini yesihlabathi se-peat ekushiseni komoya okungu-22 ... + 26 ° C. Kwaphela amasonto ambalwa igcinwa ngaphansi kwengquza esobala. Lapho izinso ziqala ukukhula, indawo yokukhosela ingasuswa.
Ukudubula okucijile okwenzeka ngaphandle kwamaqabunga kusetshenziselwa ukwakha ungqimba lomoya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala usike isigaba se-cortex ngesimo sendandatho bese udonsa indawo eyonakele nge-moss enomswakama. Amaphutha kumele aphuzwe njalo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5-2, kuzovela izimpande zokuqala. Leli hlumela lisikwa ngaphansi kwezimpande zesitshalo somama futhi ngokushesha litshalwe ebhodweni elinomhlabathi wesitshalo esidala.
IFatsia ilunge kakhulu, ingasatshalaliswa ngezingcezu zesiqu ngaphandle kwamaqabunga nemiqumbe. Ingxenye enjalo isikwa ihlukaniswe phakathi bese ibekwa phezu komhlaba, ibambe kancane ngenhlabathi. Imbiza ibekwa endaweni efudumele, ekhanyayo futhi ifafazwe njalo. Izinqubo ezincanyana zizovela kungekudala.
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
I-Fatsia isitshalo esingamisi. Ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ijabulisa ngomqhele osakazekayo onamaqabunga amahle amakhulu.
Isibani Imbali izwakala ilungile elangeni elikhanyayo nomthunzi oyingxenye. Izinhlobo ezixubile zidinga ukukhanyiswa okuningi. Izitshalo zidalulwa efasiteleni elisempumalanga noma entshonalanga. Ehlobo, ntambama eshisayo, ivikelekile elangeni eliqondile. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, iFatsia ikhula kahle ku-balcony noma kwiveranda evulekile.
Ukushisa Ngokukhanya okuhle, uFatsia ukhululekile ku + 18 ... + 22 ° C. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo kuyadingeka ukungena egumbini ngokushesha. Ebusika, lapho amahora emini ehlisiwe, igcinwa emazingeni okushisa we- + 10 ... + 15 ° C. Izitshalo ezixubile azinconywa ukupholisa ngaphansi kuka + 16 ° C.
Umswakama. UFatsia uncamela ukungaphezulu komswakama womoya. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, lesi sitshalo sihlotshwa njalo futhi sifafazwe ngamahlamvu aqhamuke kwesibhamu sokufafaza. Ebusika, egumbini elipholile, ukufafaza akunconyelwanga, kepha ungafaki imbali eduze kwemishini yokushisa.
Ukunisela. Amaqabunga amakhulu e-Fatsia akhipha umswakama omkhulu, ngakho-ke udinga ukuwunisela njalo. Lapho umhlaba womile, amaqabunga abuna futhi afune, futhi angaphakanyiswa kuphela ngokuxhaswa. Ukunisela kufanele kube kaningi futhi kuningi. Amanzi amaningi athululelwa ngokushesha kulesobho.
Umanyolo. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba, kathathu ngenyanga, iFatsia ivundiswa ngezinto eziyizimbiwa zezitshalo ezinamahlamvu wokuhlobisa. Ebusika, ukugqoka okuphezulu akwenziwa.
Izifo nezinambuzane. Ngokunakekelwa okungafanele kanye nokwephulwa kombuso wokunisela, uFatsia uhlushwa izifo zokukhunta (ukubola okungwevu, ukubola kwezimpande, i-powdery hlobo. Isitshalo esithintekayo siyenqobeka ekukhuleni bese sibuna. Ukuhlanganiswa okumpunga noma okumhlophe kungavela emaqabungeni. Esikhathini sokuqala kwesifo, ukufakelwa kanye nokwelashwa nge-fungicide kuyasiza. Amanye amahlumela anesifo ayathenwa futhi abhujiswe. Izidambisi ze-Fatsia azivamile ukuhlasela. Kungaba ama-aphid, ama-whiteflies, ama-thrips, ama-scute, izibungu zesicabucabu. Izinambuzane zihlala esiqeshini, ngenxa yalokho, amapheshana ambozwe ngezikhwanyana ezincane, amabala aphuzi noma ampunga. Ukugeza ngaphansi kwesishisi esishisayo (ne-45 ° C) nokwelashwa ngezinambuzane (Karbofos, Actellik) kusiza ukuqeda izinambuzane.
