Uma kufika isikhathi sokubeka izindlela, imvamisa ezindaweni ezisezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba basebenzise ukugoqa imigwaqo. Kuyinto ebabazekayo kakhulu kunokhonkolo noma i-asphalt, futhi ayinciphisi mandla kubo. Indlela elula kakhulu yokuqasha izingcweti ezinobuchwepheshe besitayela, kepha uma kungekho ndlela yokukhokha cishe nge-10 cu ngesikwele ngasinye, ungabamba isikhathi seholide njenge-skid bese usibeka ngokwakho. Into esemqoka ukubheka ubuchwepheshe, obungeyona inkimbinkimbi kangako, thola amathuluzi adingekayo bese uthatha isinqumo “ngomcamelo” lapho uzobeka khona izinto zokuqeda. Kungakhiwa kusuka kumxube we-sand-usimende, amatshe kanye nokhonkolo. Cabanga ukuthi yiziphi izimo lapho kufakwa khona ama-slabs abekwe kwisisekelo sikakhonkolo nokuthi imaphi ama-nuances okufanele abhekwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokusebenza.
Isisekelo sikakhonkolo siyisithulu futhi sakhiwe endaweni ephansi lapho kuzobekwa khona imidwebo yokubhula. Le ndlela ihlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu we-coating kune-cushion sand-cement, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho imishini esindayo noma ithrafikhi ejwayelekile izocindezela khona uthayela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula kakhulu ukuvumelanisa wonke amathayili ngaphansi kwezinga elilodwa uma phansi kungeyona ingxube eshukumisayo, kepha isisekelo esiqinile. Ngeke inciphe ngenkathi inqubo yokwenza lukhuni, ngeke kube khona ukwehluleka nezinye izinkinga ezihambisana nokushayisana kwekhwalithi engeyona. Ngakho-ke, abanikazi abangenayo isipiliyoni sokwakha, kodwa abanquma ukwenza amathrekhi bebodwa, ngale ndlela, ukubeka kuzokwenza lula ukuqondanisa kokuhlanganiswa endizeni eyodwa.
Isisekelo sokhonkolo sokudonsa sihlinzeka ngokwengeziwe amandla esiza, kepha kunzima kakhulu ukusakha kunokufaka uthayela engxenyeni ye-sand-gravel
Futhi nokho, ukubeka i-slabs paving kukhonkolo kusetshenziswa ngokungjwayelekile, ngoba lobu buchwepheshe bunama-nuances abo ahambisana nokususwa komswakama ebusweni bethayile. Ngendlela ejwayelekile yesihlabathi-usimende, ukuvela kwezulu kushiya kufakwa esisekelweni sokungenisa emhlabathini futhi akukubangeli ukulimala kumalahle. Uma ukhonkolo uthelwa, khona-ke amanzi atholakala ngaphansi kwamatshe abunjiwe awakwazi ukujula, ngoba isisekelo se-monolithic simane nje singakuvumeli. Ngenxa yalokhu, ibambeka phakathi kwesisekelo nethayela, emisofeni ephakathi kwamathayela, futhi lapho nje amafriji eshaya, iqala ukunwebeka, icindezela ukuhlanganisa phezulu. Njengomphumela walokhu, amatshe okugandaya angavuvukala kwezinye izindawo, ahlukane eceleni kwemiphetho, njll.
Ngakho-ke, lapho uthela isisekelo sikakhonkolo, kubhekelwa ngokukhethekile ekuchitheni kwamanzi: dala ababusi, bakhombe abamukeli bemiswakama, babeke amatshe okugoqa ngethambeka endaweni ethile, njll.
Uma konke kuhlelwe kahle, khona-ke amathrekhi adaliwe azohlala isikhathi eside ukwedlula phezu komcamelo wesahlabathi. Ungabeka emaphethini wetiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngenchazelo lengetulu yemhlaba.
Ukulungiswa kwesiza somsebenzi wokwakha
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukudiliza isiza esizogxotshwa: bashayela ngezikhonkwane bese bebeka lokho okubizwa ngamamaki abomvu. Ngalesi sikhathi, abakhi baqoka umucu owelulwe ngokuqinile obeka imingcele yokuphakama kwesiza sakho ngokuzayo. Bathatha i-twine ejwayelekile, bayibopha ngezikhonkwane eziphakeme lapho i-tile izophela khona. Ungakhohlwa ukwenza intambo ithambekele emazingeni angama-5 iye endaweni yokuwasela kwamanzi esikhathini esizayo.
Noma ngabe ubeka izindlela ezincane, amamaki abomvu asesethwe ukuthola umphetho oyisicaba, ovundlile ophelele kanye ne-engela efanelekile yokudonsa amanzi
Okulandelayo, hlola ukuthi amasenti amangaki esikhala samahhala kusuka kumucu kuya emhlabathini. Uma kungaphansi kwamashumi amathathu - susa konke okungadingekile ngefosholo bese ubakhipha ngesihlalo esinamasondo, ukuze ungaphazamisi. Inhlabathi evundile ingathululelwa ngqo engadini noma ezindaweni lapho kuhlelwa khona imibhede yezimbali.
Umphetho “wesikhwama” sobumba ophelile kufanele uqiniswe ngokushesha ngemingcele. Amanye amakhosi abeka ama-curbs ngemuva kokuthulula ukhonkolo, kepha kulokhu kuzodingeka ukuvikela onqenqemeni lwendawo kusuka enhlabathini eshaywayo, i.e. ukubeka ifomu. Ngakho-ke, kubakhi bebhulogi abangenalwazi, inketho yokuqala iyancomeka.
Uma ufaka ngokushesha ama-curbs, khona-ke akudingeki uchithe isikhathi udala ukwakheka, bese uyibhidliza, ukhonkolo uzogcwala isiza ngaphandle kwemifantu
Uma kusetshenziswa umngcele, ukuphakama kwawo okungama-50 cm, bese:
- bamba umsele okunye okungama-30 cm;
- ukulala ngesendlalelo se-rubble (cishe 10 cm);
- faka udaka usimende (okungenani u-1.5 cm);
- kubekwa phezu kwawo ukuze umphetho ophezulu ngemuva kokubekwa ungaphansi kuka-2-3 cm kunqenqema lwamapulangwe. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze i-curb ingagcini amanzi esizeni, kodwa isize ekuphambukiseni.
Ekuphakameni okungaphansi kwendlela, ukujula komsele kuncishiswa ngokufanele.
Ukuphakama kwesiqobelo kufanele kube phansi kancane kunebanga lamapulangwe, ukuhlinzeka ngemvula ngokuphuma ngokushesha kwesayithi futhi kuvikele umswakama ekugxekeni
Inqubo yezobuchwepheshe yokuthulula ukhonkolo
Ngosuku olulodwa lapho ama-curbs esethiwe, ukuthulula ukhonkolo kungaqala. Uma udala ipulatifomu lapho imishini izogibela khona, ikakhulukazi enobukhulu obukhulu, isisekelo sikakhonkolo kufanele siqiniswe. Kulokhu, kufanelekile ukufakwa (okungabi ngaphezu kwesilinganiso se-dizili), enziwe ngosayizi we-mesh ongamasentimitha ayi-15 ukuya ku-20. Uma amathrekhi ehamba kuphela abahamba ngezinyawo, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuqinisa.
Kungcono ukuthi uthele ukhonkolo esihlabathini, okuzoba amanzi okuwukuphela kokuswakama okuvuthayo futhi ukuvumele ukuthi ungene ngokushesha emhlabathini
Ukuze umswakama osungene ezigobeni ezibondayo ukhonkolo uvuze ngokuqhubekayo, kunokuba ume ngaphakathi, yakha izimbobo ezikhethekile zokudonsa amanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa ipayipi le-asbestos, ulinqume libe izicucu, ukuphakama okungu-15-20 cm (ukuphakama kufanele kuhambisane nokuphakama kongqimba lukakhonkolo, ovele ulugcwalise). Izicucu ze-asbestos zibekwa kulo lonke leli ndawo ngokulindela eyodwa sq.m. Ngemuva kokuthulula ukhonkolo, azisusiwe. Ungakha izimbobo ngamapulangwe ngendlela yezikwele, kepha ngemuva kokuthi ukhonkolo usupholile, umuthi kuzodingeka ususwe.
Manje silungiselela ukhonkolo ojwayelekile kusetshenziswa usimende ebangeni lika-150-200. Yigcwalise ngesendlalelo esingu-15 cm - uma kungekho ukuqiniswa, 20 cm - uma ukuqiniswa kubekwa. Uma indawo enkulu ithululelwa, khona-ke wonke amamitha amathathu kuyadingeka ukwakha umthungo okuthiwa yi-lokushisa. Kuyadingeka ukuvikela ukuqhekeka kwesisekelo ebusika. I-seam kulula ukuyenza ngokucindezela amabhodi kukhonkolo onqenqemfu olungamasentimitha ubukhulu. Ngemuva kokunamathela, ziyasuswa, futhi ama-voids agcwaliswa nge-elastic filler. Phezulu komthungo kuhlanganiswe ngokhonkolo ukukala nobuso bonke.
Ngemuva kosuku, ifomu lokhuni likhipha izimbotshana zokugcwalisa amanzi bese ligcwele emaphethelweni kakhonkolo ngojikijolo omncane.
Ukwakha umcamelo wesamente-kasimende
I-oda lomsebenzi lapha yilokhu:
- Hlanza isihlabathi, hlanganisa nosimende 6: 1 (elula kakhulu kuxoli lukakhonkolo);
- Sigcwalisa isiza ngesendlalelo esingafika ku-10 cm (kucatshangelwa ubukhulu bamatshe abekiwe), i.e. ukusinda kweshini + kufanele kube kunwebekile ngophawu olubomvu cishe ngo-2 cm (ukugoqa ukugoqa).
- Siphula ngepuleti elivumayo noma i-toptuha (ilog lapho ibhodi ebanzi ibethelwe khona ngezansi, bese kuthi umgoqo wesibambo ugcotshwe ngenhla).
- Bheka ukungezwani kwamamaki abomvu ukuze kuthambeke. Ngendlela, khumbula ukuthi izikhonkwane zingcono ukubeka kaningi, ngoba nentambo eqinile kakhulu inika i-sag ye-1 mm ngemitha.
- Sibeka ama-beacons esizeni (amapayipi anobubanzi obungama-20 mm). Kufanele acindezelwe ngokuqinile emqamelweni ukuze kusukela elulelweni kuya endlini yokukhanya okukhanyayo kusala ibanga elilingana nobukhulu bethayela lakho + 1 cm ngophawu ngalunye. Ibanga phakathi kwama-beacons lincane kancane kune ubude bokubusa kwakho.
- Ngemuva kwalokho sithatha umthetho bese siqinisa, sigxila kwizibani ezikhanyayo, imithambo yesamente usimende ngokweqile ukuthola indawo eyisicaba.
- Sikhipha izibani zokuqala, lapho uqala ukubeka khona amathayili (awukwazi ukugxagxaza umcamelo!), Ugcwalise imisele ngomxube ofanayo bese uqala ukubeka uthayela phansi kokhonkolo.
Lokhu kubukeka kanjani:
Uma isiza senziwe saba sikhulu, kulula ukuxoza isihlabathi nosimende kuhlanganisi kakhonkolo, bese sihambisa ingxube eqediwe ku-wheelbarrow
Emikhondweni emincane, umthetho ungaba yibhodi elithambile lapho umphetho usikiwe, futhi njengama-beacons - imiphetho yomngcele ofakiwe
Lapho kubekwa ama-pavers, amathayili ngokweqile kuzodingeka abekiselwe, ngakho thola i-grinder kusengaphambili bese usetha isondo ledayimane ukwenza ukusikeka ngokuphelele
Ukubeka amaqhinga: ungenza kanjani ngaphandle kwepuleti elivumayo?
Uma usuqede zonke izinyathelo zangaphambili unokholo oluhle, khona-ke ukubeka amatje okugoba kuzoba lula. Amathayili awabekwa ekugcineni-kuze kube sekupheleni, kodwa ngamaseli angaba ngu-5 mm. Ngeke bavumele amathayili ukuthi aqhephuke lapho ukuhlanganiswa "kuzohamba" kusuka kumazinga okushisa okuphezulu nomswakama.
Abanye abanikazi baqala ukubeka amathayili kusuka ohlangothini olubonakala kakhulu lwendawo, ukuze zonke ukusikeka nokufanele zisezindaweni ezingabonakali kangako emehlweni
Qala ukubeka kusuka kunqenqemeni. Imvamisa zihamba ngamamaki ukusuka phezulu kuya phansi, endaweni lapho kuzokugeleza khona amanzi.
Zama ukushiya ngisho umthungo phakathi kwamathayili, okungenani ama-5 mm, ukuze ukuhlanganiswa kubukeke kungalingani, futhi ebusika, lapho amathayili enwebeka, awanciphisanani
Linganisa ingaphezulu le-tile ngayinye ngokuthepha nge-mallet (imanyolo yenjoloba) futhi uhlole izinga elivundlile. Ngokuzayo, udinga ukucindezela indawo yonke ngepuleti yokudlidliza ukuze amathayili ahlala ngqo ezintanjeni ezeluliwe, kodwa uma lungekho, khona manjalo sebenzisa umugqa obanzi webhodi lapho ubekwa. Ibekwa emafulethini amaningana bese ishaywa ngoxhaxha maluleke ngokufiselekayo.
Amalunga amathayili angagcwaliswa ngengxube efanayo nalapho wakhe khona khona umcamelo, noma ngesihlabathi esihle. Inketho yokuqala yakha i-monolithic coating, edlula umswakama omncane ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshani kanye nama-moss kuhluma kaningi kumakholi. Kepha uma ushayela tile enjalo ebusika enezimoto ezisindayo, khona-ke ukuhlangana komgwaqo kanye nomphetho wethayile kungahle kungabibikho, ngoba azikho izintambo zokushisa. Noma yikuphi okubunjiwe, kufaka phakathi ukugoba amatshe, kuyanda emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Futhi akukho okucacile kulokhu kwanda. Kukhona ingcindezi eqinile emalungeni, futhi uma ngaleso sikhathi okuthile okusindayo kudlula ekuhlanganeni, ukhonkolo kungenzeka ungabekezeleli umthwalo.
Imisebe embozwe ngesihlabathi, ibugcina ngokuphelele ubuqotho bokunamathela, kepha ngayo Ngakho-ke ukuphuma kwamanzi kufanele kwenziwe ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu.
Okokuqala, isihlabathi noma inhlanganisela yesihlabathi-yamatshe ihlakazeka yonke indawo, bese uyishanela ngobunono emsebeni phakathi kwamathayili
Ukugcwalisa amalunga ngenhlanganisela noma ngesihlabathi usebenzisa umshanelo wasekhaya ojwayelekile. Ukwakheka kuhlakazeka ebusweni bokuhlanganiswa bese kukhukhuleke ngobunono emiseleni, bese kuthi okungaphezu kwalokho kukhishwe.
Isayithi lilungile. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi ungahambi phezu kwayo izinsuku ezintathu, ukuze umcamelo ukondle umswakama ovela emhlabeni futhi uqina. Kungcono ukubeka ibhodi noma i-plywood, ukuze ungahambisa imiphetho yama-tile ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela emzimbeni.
