I-apula elidumile likaRenet Simirenko

Ama-apula amaRenet Simirenko aziwa kabanzi futhi athandwa kakhulu kude nezindawo ezikhulayo. Ngenxa yokuhamba kahle nokugcina ikhwalithi yabo, bayatholakala kulo lonke elaseRussia nase-Ukraine. Kwabalimi eningizimu yezwe, sizokhuluma ngobunzima bokutshala nokukhulisa lesi sihlahla se-apula.

Incazelo yebanga

Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19, izinhlobonhlobo zatholakala ezingadini zePlatonov Khutor, Mliev, esifundeni saseCherkasy, e-Ukraine. Ngaphansi kwegama uRenet Simirenko owethulwa ngo-1947 kwiRegional State. Kwakukhona amanye amagama ngaleso sikhathi - Green Renet Simirenko noRenet P.F. Simirenko. Muva nje, abantu bahlanekezele igama lezinhlobonhlobo balibiza ngeSemerenko, kepha lokhu akulungile.

Isihlahla seReneta Simirenko esitokisini esiphakathi nendawo sisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo futhi sikhula singenamandla, kumasheya akhula - ukukhula kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ezindaweni zokugcina izingane akunakwenzeka ukuthola izithombo ezinamandla, futhi azidingeki. Izithombo ezincane zinamagxolo aluhlaza akhanyayo, ahlukile kwezinye izihlahla zamaapula. Ngonyaka wokuqala, izitshalo zakha amahlumela akamuva, okuvumela ukuthi uqale ngokushesha ukwakheka komqhele. Ezingxenyeni zemifino ezinemifino emincane nasendaweni emincane, iqala ukuthela izithelo ngemuva kweminyaka engama-4-5, izithelo zokuqala zingatholakala ngonyaka wokutshala (kepha kungcono ukusika izimbali ukuze ungadinisi umuthi omncane). Lapho sezikhulile kuma-rootwoods amade, izithelo zivela ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-1-2. ICrohn iyindilinga ebanzi, ithambekele ekuqineni. Ezindaweni eziseduzane nomngcele osenyakatho wendawo yokutshala, umuthi uthela izithelo kuwo wonke amagatsha akhula, eningizimu - ukukhula konyaka odlule. I-hardness yasebusika iphansi - izinkuni zamathumba zivame ukubanda. Ngenxa yekhono layo eliphezulu lokudubula, umuthi uvuselelwa ngeminyaka emithathu. Izinhlobonhlobo zinokuphikisana nesomiso okuphezulu nokumelana nokushisa. Ukuqunjelwa ukugwaza kanye ne-powdery isikhutha kuphezulu.

URenet Simirenko uyisihlahla sama-aphula esivuthayo futhi udinga izithungu zezitshalo zokuvundisa umquba. Izinhlobo ezahlukaniswa nguKuban Spur, iGolden Delives, uPamyat Sergeeva, noKorei bavame ukusebenza ngekhwalithi yabo. Izikhathi zezimbali zihamba sekwephuzile.

Isihlahla se-Apple Renet Simirenko blooms in the mid-late

Lapho kukhula khona ama-apula amaRenet Simirenko

Izinhlobonhlobo zakhiwa esifundeni esiseNyakatho neCaucasus neLower Volga, ezikhulele eningizimu yeRussia, kanye nasezifundeni eziseningizimu zesifunda esimaphakathi neBlack Earth. Ezingadini zezimboni zaseCrimea, uRenet Simirenko uthatha ngaphezu kwe-30% yendawo. E-Ukraine, asatshalaliswa ePolesie, i-steppe kanye nezindawo ezisehlathini.

Ukuvuna

Ezingxenyeni zesikhumba emfushane, isivuno sonyaka sezinhlobonhlobo siyaphawulwa. Esifundeni sePrikuban naseKuban, isivuno sezithelo singama-250-400 kg / ha. Imvamisa asuswa ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba. Ngenxa yokumelana nomoya okuhle kwesihlahla se-apula, izithelo azikhubeki futhi zisuswa ziqinile.

Izithelo Incazelo

Ama-apula ayizicaba ngokuqondile, kwesinye isikhathi asymmetrical. Ingaphezulu bushelelezi, yebo. Ubukhulu bezithelo bunamatshe amakhulu, isisindo esilinganiselwe se-apula singama-gramu ayi-140-150, isilinganiso singama-gramu ayi-200. Zinesikhumba esinsundu nesomile, esimbozwe ngembozo elinganiselwe ye-wax. Ngesikhathi sokugcina, ingaphezulu le-apula liba oily, elimnandi. Umbala wayo uma ususiwe uluhlaza okotshani. Imbozwe amachashazi amaningi acwebile, ayindilinga ahlukanisa ukwahluka kwamanye ama-apula afanayo. Lapho ugcinwa, umbala uba ophuzi-luhlaza. Umbala wokuqina awukho, kwesinye isikhathi kuba khona i-orange tan. Umbala ophuzi ophuzi ophuzi unokwakheka okuhle. Unoshukela omnandi kakhulu, unesisa, unephunga elimnandi. Ama-Tasters aqaphela ukunambitheka okumnandi kwewayini futhi anikeze ukuhlolwa kwamaphuzu angama-4,7. Izithelo zigcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile izinyanga eziyi-6-7, futhi esiqandisini kuze kube nguJuni. Imiphumela yemikhiqizo engathengiswa ngama-90%. Inhloso ikuyo yonke indawo.

Azikho izinhlobo eziningi zama-apula aluhlaza emhlabeni wonke, futhi phakathi kwazo uRenet Simirenko ungumholi ocacile. Izinhlobonhlobo zaseYurophu uGranny Smith uthatha u-10% wesivuno esikhulu, futhi ungathola neMutzu yaseJapan lapha. Kepha womabili la ma-apula alahlekelwa ukunambitheka kukaRenet Simirenko, abathengisi abangathembekile abavame ukubanikeza kona.

Ama-apula aluhlaza aqukethe isamba esikhulu sensimbi yamahhala, ngaphandle kwawo ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi akunakwenzeka. I-gastritis kanye nesilonda esiswini saphathwa ngempumelelo nge-apula eluhlaza apula, ngoba kukhona izinkomba eziqondile ezincwadini zokwelapha zasendulo.

Ividiyo: ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zeRenet Simirenko

Ukutshala kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula uRenet Simirenko

Njengoba sethathe isinqumo sokutshala iRenet Simirenko, umlimi udinga ukukhetha indawo enhle kuye ngezimo ezinhle. Lezi yilezi:

• Indawo emincane eseningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga ngaphandle kokuqongelela amanzi amile.
• Ukuba khona kokuvikelwa emimoyeni ebandayo yasenyakatho ngesimo sesihlahla esikhulu, izindonga zezakhiwo, njll.
• Ngasikhathi sinye, akufanele kube nokufiphazwa kwezitshalo.
• Loose umhlabathi ophendulayo ongathathi hlangothi noma one-acidic, i-pH 6-6.5.

Ezingadini zezimboni, isihlahla sama-apula esincane salokhu okuhlukahlukene sivame ukutshala, kube nezihlahla siqhekelela phakathi u-0.8-1.0 m. Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa ngokuya ngosayizi wemishini yezolimo esetshenzisiwe futhi imvamisa imamitha ayi-3.4-4. Ezingadini zezwe nezasekhaya, ibanga phakathi kwezintambo lingancishiswa kahle libe amamitha amabili nesigamu.

Ezifundeni lapho izinhlobo sezikhulile, kungenzeka ukutshala izihlahla ze-apula zeRenet Simirenko zombili entwasahlobo nasekwindla sekwephuzile ngesikhathi sokuntuleka kokugeleza kokuncipha.

Akukho ukuvumelana ngalolu daba. Indlu yami yokuhlala isempumalanga ye-Ukraine. Omakhelwane bezwe bayaqiniseka ukuthi ukutshala ekwindla yisisombululo esihle kunazo zonke. Baqinisekisa lokhu ngokuthi, otshalwe ekwindla, lesi sitshalo sikhula ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo futhi sithole amandla ngokushesha. Kuliqiniso, amaqhwa amakhulu awabandakanywa esifundeni sethu, ngakho-ke izitshalo ezincane kufanele zivikelwe ebusika bokuqala. Umbono wami ngalolu daba uhlukile. Ngikholwa ukuthi ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla kunengozi yokuqandeka kwesithombo esingavimbwanga noma ngabe lufihliwe. Iqiniso ngukuthi endaweni yakithi ngoJanuwari - uFebhuwari kuvame ukuba namawele, kuhlangana neziqandisi ezinzima. Akukona njalo ukuthi ufike ekotishi lasehlobo ngesikhathi bese uthatha izinyathelo ezifanele - ukukhipha iqhwa esiqwini, ukugqekeza bese ususa u-ice. Ngakho-ke, ebusika edlule, isithombo sesihlahla se-apula sabhubha, engathi, ngivumela ukunxusa okuthethwe ngumakhelwane, ngatshala ekwindla. Ngaleso sikhathi, lapho kudingekile ukuya endlini encane futhi ulandele isitshalo, kwakungekho ukufinyelela lapho. Futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwatholakala ukuthi okufakwayo kwavinjezelwa ngumoya (yiqiniso, iphutha lami laqiniswa kabi) futhi isiqu saso saqina. Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, lokhu bekungeke kwenzeke.

Ngakho-ke, uma umuthi we-apula utshalwe ekwindla, umgodi wokutshala kuwo udinga ukulungiswa amasonto ama-3-4 ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngalesi sikhathi, inhlabathi ekuwo izohlala, icwebezane futhi emva kwalokho isithombo ngeke siqhubeke kanye nenhlabathi. Ngokutshala kwentwasahlobo, umgodi wokufika ulungiselelwe ekwindla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, bhala umgodi onobubanzi bamasentimitha angama-80-90, ukujula kwamasentimitha angama-60-70 bese ugcwalisa phezulu ngenhlanganisela yezingxenye ezilinganayo ze-chernozem, peat, isihlabathi kanye ne-humus ngokufakwa kwama-gramu angama-300-500 we-superphosphate kanye namalitha ama-3-5 womlotha wokhuni. Uma ukulinyelwa kulindeleke kulomhlabathi osindayo, kungakuhle ukwandisa ukujula komgodi ube yimitha eyodwa bese ubeka ungqimba lwamanzi angu-10 cm amasentimitha phansi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa itshe elichotshoziwe, izitini ezaphukile, njll.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokutshala umuthi we-apula

Ngokutshala okulungile kwesihlahla se-apula, udinga ngokulandelana ukwenza izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula:

1. Amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo zifakwe emanzini.
   

   Amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo kufanele zifakwe emanzini

2. Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala, kungakuhle ukushisa izimpande ngeKornevin (Heteroauxin) powder, okuyi-biostimulant enamandla yokwakheka kwezimpande.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho, njengenjwayelo, kwenziwa umgodi emgodini wokufika ngokuya ngosayizi wohlelo lwezimpande futhi kwakhiwa indunduma enkabeni yalo.
4. Isigxobo sokhuni siqhutshwa ebangeni elingamasentimitha ayi-10- 15 ukusuka enkabeni nokuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-100-120.
5. Isithombo sibekwa ngentambo yomsuka esidulini, kuqonde izimpande bese sizimboza ngomhlaba.
6. Faka uphawu ungqimba lomhlabathi ngesendlalelo, ubambe izithombo, uqiniseke ukuthi intambo yayo yezimpande igcina ibonakala ezingeni lomhlaba. Kuyinto elula ukwenza lo msebenzi ndawonye.
   

   Ngesikhathi sokutshala, kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi, ngenxa yalokho, ikhola yezimpande isezingeni lomhlabathi
7. Ngemuva kwalokhu, lesi sitshalo siboshelwe esigxotsheni, sisebenzisa izinto ezingadineki, ngokwesibonelo, uthayela wendwangu.
8. Eduze kwesihlahla bathola umgobolondo ovela emhlabathini, bese benza isiyingi esiseduze kwesiqu.
9. Okokuqala, nisela umgodi kakhulu ngamanzi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi inhlabathi inamathela ezimpandeni.
10. Ngemuva kokuba amanzi esephuthwe, lesi sitshalo siniselwa ngaphansi kwempande ngesisombululo esisanda kulungiswa sama-gramu amahlanu weKornevin ngamalitha amahlanu amanzi. Emasontweni amathathu kamuva, ukuthambisa okunjalo kuyaphindwa.
11. Ngemuva kokuba umhlabathi usomile, kufanele ukhululwe futhi ufakwe ungqimba lwe-mulch ngobukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-10-15. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa hay, utshani, sawdust rotated, njll.
    

    Ngemuva kokunisela yisithombo, umbuthano wesiqu kufanele ufakwe ndawonye

12. Umqhubi osenkabeni ufinyezwa ngosayizi wamasentimitha angama-80-100, futhi amagatsha anqunywa engxenyeni yesithathu yobude.

Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa

Imithombo ibika ukungabekezeleleki kwezinhlobonhlobo zokwakheka komhlaba nokunakekelwa.

Ukunisela nokondla

Eminyakeni yokuqala ngemuva kokutshala, kuyodingeka unisele isihlahla sama-apula kaningi kuze kube yilapho uhlelo lwempande luqiniswa futhi lukhula. Ngaphambi kokufika eminyakeni engu-4-5, kungadingeka kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-10 (kuya ngesimo sezulu) ukuchelela ngenkathi yokukhula. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlabathi ihlala inomswakama, kepha ayishishi.

Eminyakeni yokuqala, isihlahla sama-apula siniselwa kaningi

Eminyakeni elandelayo, inani lokunisela lincishiswa laba ezine ngesizini. Zenziwa:

1. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza.
2. Ngemuva kwezimbali.
3. Esikhathini sokukhula nokuvuthwa kwama-apula.
4. Ukunisela ukulayisha amanzi kwe-Autumn.

Abalimi bayazi ukuthi inyanga ngaphambi kokukha izithelo, ukuthambisa kufanele kumiswe kunoma yikuphi, ngaphandle kwalokho impilo yeshalofu yama-apula iyancishiswa kakhulu.

Baqala ukondla lesi sihlahla beneminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala - ngalesi sikhathi ukunikezwa kwezakhamzimba emgodini wokutshala kuncishisiwe. Kuzodingeka womabili umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali. I-humus noma umquba ufakwa kanye njalo eminyakeni engama-3-4 ngesilinganiso samakhilogremu angama-5-7 ngemitha yesikwele yomjikelezo wesigaxa. Kwenze entwasahlobo, usabalalisa umanyolo ngokulinganayo wokumba.

Umquba ungomunye womanyolo omuhle kakhulu wesihlahla se-apula

Ngasikhathi sinye, kepha njalo ngonyaka, yenza umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen (i-ammonium nitrate, urea noma i-nitroammophoska) ngesilinganiso esingu-30- 40 g / m². Ekuqaleni ukwakhiwa kwezithelo, isihlahla sama-apula sidinga i-potassium - ngoba lokhu kungcono ukusebenzisa i-monophosphate ye-potassium, uyiqede emanzini lapho uthambisa. Kuzothatha ukugqokwa okubili ngesikhawu samasonto amabili ngesilinganiso se-10-20 g / m². I-Superphosphate ngokwesiko ingezelwa ukumba ekwindla ku-30-40 g / m², ngoba imunwa kancane kancane yizitshalo futhi kuthatha isikhathi ukumunca ngokugcwele.

Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, ukukhuphula umkhiqizo, ungafaka ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-liquid ngamanyolo we-organic ehlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela ukumnika okugxile kwe-mullein emanzini (2 amalitha womquba ngebhakede lamanzi). Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10 zokugcizelela endaweni efudumele, okugxilwe kukho kufakwa emanzini ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuye ku-10 futhi isitshalo siyaniselwa ngesilinganiso se-1 litre sokugxila ku-1 m². Yenza u-3-4 ukugqoka okuphezulu okunjalo ngokuphumula kwamasonto amabili.

Izihlahla zesihlahla se-apula uRenet Simirenko

Umqhele walesi sihlahla se-apula wakhiwa kaningi ngendlela yesitsha. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unakekele umuthi kalula futhi ukhethe izithelo. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, leli fomu linomthelela ekukhanyiseni okufana kanye nokungena komoya okuhle kwevolumu yangaphakathi yomqhele. Ukunikeza umqhele ukwakheka kwenkomishi kulula futhi kungabizi kakhulu ukuthola umlimi wokuqala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngonyaka owodwa ngemuva kokutshala isithombo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kufanele ukhethe amagatsha wamathambo wesikhathi esizayo. Kuzothatha amahlumela ama-3-4, akhule ngezindlela ezihlukene ngokuphumula kwamasentimitha ayi-15-20, anqunywa ngxenye eyodwa kwezintathu. Onke amanye amagatsha asuswa ngokuphelele, futhi umqhubi ophakathi nendawo unqunywa ngenhla kwesisekelo segatsha elingaphezulu. Ngokuzayo, kuzodingeka ukuthi kwakhiwe amagatsha e-oda lesibili - izingcezu ezi-1-2 kwelinye lamagatsha anamathambo.

Ukubopha umqhele ube umqhele kulula futhi kungabizi kumuntu osebenza engadini kuqala

I-Krona Reneta Simirenko ithambekele ekuqineni ngokweqile, okudinga ukuncipha kwaminyaka yonke ngokususa amahlumela akhula ngaphakathi, phezulu, ukuhlangana futhi kuphazamisane. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, amagatsha omile, anezifo futhi alimele kudingeka ukuthi anqunywe - lokhu kusebenza kubizwa ngokuthi ukuthenwa kwendle.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Isigaba esibalulekile ukuvuna okufika ngesikhathi futhi kufanelekile, kanye nokuhambisana nemithetho yokugcina ama-aphula. Abalimi banaka kakhulu lokhu futhi, lapho sebehlaziye ukubuyekezwa kwabo, amaphuzu aphambili alandelayo angahlukaniswa:

• Udinga ukukhetha ama-apula kuphela kwisimo sezulu esomile - siklebhule ngemuva kwemvula, izithelo ngeke zigcinwe.
• Ngaphambi kokubekwa kwesitoreji, ama-apula omisiwe ngaphansi kwe-canopy noma egumbini elomile izinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu.
• Awukwazi ukugeza izithelo.
• Okwesitoreji, izindlu ezingaphansi komhlaba, amaselula anamazinga okushisa komoya kusuka ku-1 ° C kuya ku- + 5-7 ° C alungele kangcono.
• Awukwazi ukugcina ama-apula egumbini elilodwa namazambane, iklabishi neminye imifino.
• Izithelo zidinga ukuhlungwa. Elikhulu ligcinwa libi kakhulu - lidliwa kuqala.
• Ngokugcina isikhathi eside, ama-apula aphakathi nendawo angonakali akhethiwe.
• Zifakwa emgodini, kufakwe ngokhuni, kumabhokisi ezingxenyeni ezintathu, zifafazwe ngotshani obomile (mhlawumbe i-rye) noma ukushefa. Ukwehlukaniswa kwezinkuni okuhlanganisiwe akuvunyelwe. Abanye abalimi bagoqa i-apula ngalinye ekhasini lezindaba noma iphepha lesikhumba. Ama-apula awakwazi ukuthintana.
  

  Abanye abalimi bokugcina bopha i-apula ngalinye ekhasini lezindaba noma iphepha lesikhumba
• Amabhokisi abekwe phezulu komunye nomunye ngokusebenzisa ama-gaskets amabha anengxenye yamasentimitha angama-4 x 4.
  

  Ama-apula agcinwa kukakhonkolo okhuni ongene komoya.

• Ngezikhathi ezithile, udinga ukubheka isimo sezithelo - i-apula elilodwa elijikelezayo lingalimaza lonke ibhokisi.

Ngokuqondene nokugcina izinhlobo zobusika zama-apula, ngingaba nakho kwami. Kusukela ebuntwaneni ngikhumbula ukuthi ekwindla sithathe kanjani ama-apula (angazi izinhlobonhlobo, empeleni), futhi ngemuva kokuhlunga, sazigoqa ngamunye ngephepha lezindaba. Ngemuva kwalokho afakwa emabhokisini enziwe ngokhuni ezingxenyeni ezi-2-2 bese ehliselwa emgodini wethala. Imifino nayo yayigcinwa lapho - amazambane, iklabishi, izaqathi. Mhlawumbe ngenxa yalokhu, ama-apula ethu agcinwe engasekho kunoFebhuwari - angazi. Futhi, mhlawumbe, lezi bekuyizimpawu zezinhlobonhlobo.

Abalimi on isitoreji sama-apula uRenet Simirenko

Imvamisa sivuna isivuno seSimirenka kuphela ekwindla. Into esemqoka ukubamba isithwathwa. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuhlukana nezimpande - ngakho-ke zizokuma isikhathi eside. Futhi udinga ukugcina emakamelweni enomoya omncane futhi izinga lokushisa lifinyelela kuma-7 degrees.

Isifundo

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Ugogo wami wayehlala egcina ama-aphula angamaSemerenko egumbini elingaphansi elomile. Wanamathela kuwo wonke ama-apula ngephepha lezindaba. Ngezikhathi ezithile, zidinga ukuhlelwa, ukulahlwa.

Volt220

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Sine-apula walokhu okuhlukahlukene muhle kakhulu ebusika bonke emiphongolweni. Siwafaka emabhokisini enkuni ajwayelekile. Sibeka isiteki, kancane kancane sigcwalisa ibhokisi lonke. Ungalokothi ugoqe ama-apula ephephandabeni. Kodwa into esemqoka ukuthi ama-apula ahloselwe ukugcinwa aqoqiwe ngesimo sezulu esomile.

Hozyaika-2

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Sekuyiminyaka eminingi silondoloze ubusika (sekwephuzile) izinhlobo zama-apula ezikhwameni zepulasitiki emiphongolweni - zihlala kuze kube sentwasahlobo, ngaphandle kokuthi, vele, sinesikhathi sokudla. Siqoqa ama-apula sekwedlule isikhathi, lapho sekuvele kubanda kakhulu, kepha kuseneziqandisi, sithatha izithelo ngokucophelela, sizama ukulondoloza izigaxa, sizibeka ungqimba olulodwa neziqu kuze kube lusuku - ezimbili egumbini elipholile, bese sizigoqa izikhwama eziphindwe kabili, zihlanganiswe ngokuqinile ngentambo, bese sizithoba. Angithandi ukugcina emaphephandabeni notshani - kuvela iphunga nokunambitheka okuthile ...

i-thorium

//forum.rmnt.ru/threads/jablonja-renet-simirenko.112435/

Uma sikhumbula okuhlangenwe nakho kokhokho bethu, ama-apula ahloselwe ukugcinwa isikhathi eside kufanele asuswe esihlahleni ephethe amagilavu. Ngakho-ke, uMichurin ngokwakhe, ngendlela, welulekwa. Amagloves angcono ngoboya. Ngemuva kwalokho baphumule inyanga eyodwa ngaphambi kokulala. Ukubeka emabhokisini enziwe ngokhuni noma emiphongolweni, kuyathululela nge-shavings. Kuyelulekwa ukuthatha izithako ezivela ku-linden, poplar, aspen, ash ash. Amandla esihlahla kanye nokukhiqizwa okuguquguqukayo akuvumeli ukubola.

homohilaris

inkundla.rmnt.ru

Izifo nezinambuzane - ukuvimbela kanye nokulawula

Ngokunikezwa kokuhlaselwa okuqinile kweRenet Simirenko ukugwaza kanye ne-Powdery isikhutha, sihlala ngokuningiliziwe ekuvinjelweni kanye nasekwelashweni kwalezo zifo.

Isikali

Lesi sifo sisabalele ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, ikakhulukazi eminyakeni enesiphethu esibandayo nesimanzi. Eminyakeni enjalo, lesi sifo sibangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesivuno kanye nekhwalithi yama-apula. Ikakhulu kaningi, lesi sifo sithinta izingadi zezimboni ngokutshala okuningi nge-genotype efanayo nokutshala okuqinile.

Umenzeli obabayo weqabunga ebusika emaqabunga awele nezithelo. Ngokuqala kokukhula kwamahlumela amancane, izinhlamvu zisakazeka futhi, ngenxa yolwelwesi lwazo lwama-mucous, zinamathela emacembe. Uma isimo sezulu simanzi, izinhlamvu ziyaqhuma. Lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu emaphethelweni amahlumela amasha namaqabunga. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2-3, isikhunta sidlulela ku-conidia (i-immobile spores of kabusha i-asexual) bese okwesikhashana ithelele imishini yamaqabunga. Lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu ngokushisa kwe- +20 ° C. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungabona ukuvela kwezindawo zomnqumo ezikhanyayo emaqabungeni, bese kuthi maphakathi nawo ajike abe nsundu futhi aqhekeke. Esikhathini esizayo, izithelo ziyathinteka, lapho ukuqhekeka, amafomu we-putrefactive matangazo. Eminyakeni evumayo ukhunta, ukunqotshwa kungafinyelela ku-100%.

Ukuqhekeka, amafomu okuqeda ukwakheka kwama-apula athinteka yisibazi

Ngesikhathi sokuvela kwezinhlobonhlobo, inkinga yesibazi ibingekho, ngakho-ke, akazange athole ukungatheleleki kuyo, njengoba kubonwa ezihlahleni zama-apula ezinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla. Kodwa lokhu akusona isizathu sokwenqaba ukukhulisa i-apula elihle kangaka. Izindlela zokuvimbela kanye nama-fungicides anamuhla (izidakamizwa ukulwa nezifo zefungus) kuzosiza ukubhekana nale nkinga.

Ngenhloso yokuvimbela, kuyadingeka:

• Njalo ekwindla, butha futhi ushise amaqabunga awile, ukhula namagatsha asikiwe ngesikhathi sokuthenwa kwenhlanzeko. Ngakho-ke, iningi lobusika kubo, ingxabano ye-pathogen izobhujiswa.
• Kufanele futhi ushaye ujule enhlabathini yombuthano wesiqu. Phakathi kokunye, lokhu kuqinisekisa ukukhuphuka kwengaphezulu kwamagciwane hhayi kuphela, kepha nezinambuzane zobusika lapho.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, inhlabathi nomqhele wesihlahla kuphathwa ngesisombululo esingu-3% se-sulfate yethusi noma i-Bordeaux fluid. Ukuphathwa okufanayo kumele kuphindwe kwentwasahlobo.
• I-lime emhlophe yesiqu kanye namagatsha anamathambo izobhubhisa izinsalela zesikhunta ezisekujuleni okuncane kwamagxolo. Faka i-1% yethusi sulfate ne-PVA glue kusisombululo. Futhi ungasebenzisa futhi upende wegadi okhethekile walokhu.
  

  I-lime emhlophe yesiqu kanye namagatsha asemathanjeni izobhubhisa izinsalela zesikhunta ezisekujuleni okuncane kwegxolo

• Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, baphathwa ngama-herbicides anamandla (izidakamizwa zazo zonke izifo zokukhunta nezinambuzane). I-DNOC isetshenziswa kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu, futhi kuyo yonke eminye iminyaka isebenzisa iNitrafen.

Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izihlahla zama-apula ziqala ukwelashwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngama-fungicides angenangozi kangako kubantu nezinyosi. Okuvame kakhulu yiChorus, Quadris, Skor, Strobi. Zisetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile zamaviki ama-2-3 (uma kunesidingo, kaningi), kuyilapho ungakhohlwa ukuthi umlutha wefungus. Ngemuva kwezikhathi ezintathu zokusebenzisa umuthi wegama elifanayo, ilahlekelwa ukusebenza. Umuthi wemvelo i-Fitosporin awumlutha - ungasetshenziswa isizini yonke, kubandakanya nesikhathi sokuvuna. Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo kufanele zisuswe futhi zichithwe ngendlela yesikhathi esifanele.

I-Powdery hlobo

I-fungus pathogen inomjikelezo weminyaka emibili wokukhula. Ukutheleleka kwe-spore kuvame ukwenzeka ehlobo. Ngaphansi kweqabunga, kuvela amabala angahleki wobukhulu obahlukahlukene. Ishidi lihlanekezelwe ku-tube, likhubazekile. Ukusuka kuma-petioles amaqabunga athelelekile, izinhlamvu zingena kuma-buds wokukhula, lapho izinhlama zihlala khona.

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izinhlamvu zivuka futhi isikhunta singena emahlumela amancane, angenazo lignified, izimbali, amapheshana, ambozwe ngentambo emhlophe enamakha. Lapho-ke ama-ovari nezithelo kuyathinteka, embozwe ngumbala ovuthiwe ongena ngaphakathi enyameni. Kumakhaza ngaphansi kwe-20 kuya ku-C, i-Powdery isikhutha etholakala ezinso iyafa futhi eminyakeni enjalo lesi sifo asibonwa. Kuliqiniso, izinso ezikhiqizayo ziyaqandeka kanye nefungus, kepha ukulethwa kokutheleleka kuncishiswa kakhulu. Ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo, izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswayo ziyefana nasekulwisaneni nesibazi.

Amaqabunga e-Powdery isikhutha esihlahla se-apula, embozwe ngokubomvu okumhlophe

Ithebula: Izinambuzane ezingenzeka zezihlahla zeapula

Igalari yezithombe: izinambuzane ezingenzeka zezihlahla ze-apula

Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga

ISemerenko kayithandi, enikeza isivuno esincane ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izihlahla.

I-Wiera

//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-12734.html

Igama lezinhlobonhlobo ze-apula nguRenet Simirenko (uRenet P.F. Simirenko, uRenet Simirenko oluhlaza). Isikhathi sokuvuthwa ebusika Ku-cellar ejwayelekile, ama-apula ami angagcinwa kuze kube uMeyi. Ikhule ezifundeni ezipholile, izithelo zingagcinwa kuze kube nguJuni. Ukumelana nesithwathwa kuyisilinganiso, ukumelana kwesibazi kuphansi, okuthinta isivuno (inani eliphakeme lokulimala kweqabunga lamaqabunga, ukuqhakaza imbali okumbalwa, imvamisa yezithelo kungenzeka). EKharkov, umuthi walezi zinhlobonhlobo ukhula futhi minyaka yonke uthela izithelo, ezitshalwe abazali bami eminyakeni eyedlule (ngo-1960). Umuthi osesitoko sembewu, otshalwe amamitha ayi-10 ukusuka odongeni “olungenalutho” lwendlu enezitezi ezimbili (evikelwe emimoyeni ebandayo yasenyakatho yangasempumalanga egcwele lapha). Kusuka kuqweqwe akukaze kucutshungulwe. Ukwehlulwa kwamaqabunga nezithelo zesibanda akubalulekile (mhlawumbe imininingwane ye "ndlela yokuphila yasemadolobheni"). Nayi ithiyori nokwenza.

I-Winegrower

//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-12734.html

Futhi isihlahla sami se-aphid sahlasela, futhi ngaphatha yonke imithi yesi-apula (ama-5 ama-pcs) ngendlela efanayo, kanti i-aphid yayiseSimerenko kuphela. Kuliqiniso, nginakho emthunzini ngemuva kwesidlo sakusihlwa. Kwakungekho sibazi.

_Belgorodets

//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-12734.html

I-Renet Simirenko luhlobo lwe-apula oluhlaza oluhle olungathathelwanga indawo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-150. Futhi ukushiyeka ngohlobo lokuqina kobusika obuphansi kanye nezifunda ezikhulayo, kanye nokuba sengozini yezifo zokukhunta, ngeke kuvikele ukusetshenziswa kwayo okusebenzayo. Kunconywe ngokuthembekile ukuthi kutshalwe abalimi nabalimi bezifunda zaseningizimu.