Isihlahla sika sitrobheli siyinto engavamile, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu onenhlanhla ukubona, ngoba lesi simila sithandeka kakhulu ezimweni zokushisa futhi sinendawo yokuhlala emkhakheni. Ukuhlobisa kakhulu futhi okungavamile, isihlahla sitrobheli esizindeni sethu kuyoba umhlobiso wangempela wedidi ebusika noma ukushisa ekhaya. Indlela yokutshala umuthi we-sitrobheli nokuwunakekela, uzoxoxwa kabanzi.
Isihlahla se-strawberry: izici zezinto eziphilayo kanye nendawo yokuhlala
I-Arbutus, isihlahla sanjwebhisi noma sitrobheli yisitshalo esihlala sitshalo esivela emndenini we-heather, esiwumuthi okhulayo ophansi noma shrub ephansi.
I-Strawberry ivame ukufinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-3-5, okungathatha iminyaka engama-50, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zikhula zibe ngamamitha ayi-12. I-trunk ye-arbutus ihlanganiswe negxolo elibushelelezi le-orange, umbala obomvu noma obomvu, kwezinye izinhlobo (ama-strawberries amancane) lishintsha minyaka yonke, futhi isitshalo senza umsindo ogqamile. Amagatsha omuthi aqoshiwe, amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka, avulekile, aphelele, afike ku-8 cm ubude. Lesi sitshalo siqhakaza ngoMeyi ngezimbali ezimhlophe noma eziphuzi njenge-jug, ehlangene ne-panicles.
Izithelo ze-sitrobheli - i-drupe ehlanganisiwe engaphezu kuka-3 cm ububanzi, egcwele ukukhula okuncane. Ngaphakathi kwamajikijolo kukhona i-powdery, i-pulp elimnandi nelomuncu elinenani elikhulu lezinhlamvu ezincane. Izithelo ezibukeka neziphunga zifana nezitshalo ze-strawberries, zizwakala njengezithelo ezingavamile, zinezinkathazo ezibangelwa ukutholakala kwe-tannin.
Esimweni sawo sasendle, lesi sitshalo sitholakala eMelika, eMexico, eMedithera, eYurophu YaseYurophu naseTyrol, lapho ikhula khona emhlabathini ophakeme nasemithambekeni enamadwala, futhi emasimini isihlahla sikasipelingi singabonakala emigwaqweni yaseYurophu nasemapaki.
Kunezinhlobo ezingu-11 zezitshalo. Ngokujwayelekile esimweni esijwayelekile somuthi sitrobheli futhi incazelo encwadini yesayensi itholakala i-arbutus enkulu-fruited. 
Uyazi? Isigqoko sezandla zeMadrid sibukeka njengesihlangu esikhonywe ngomqhele wegolide ongenomngcele we-azure, ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kuwo ibhere ne-strawberry. Izambatho zanamuhla zatholwa ngo-1997. Enkabeni yeMadrid ePuerta del Sol kukhona isikhumbuzo ebhere elidla isithelo esihlahleni se-sitrobheli.
Ngingakuphi lapho ngikhula khona isihlahla sogwebhisi ezindaweni ezivulekile zomhlaba: ukuqina kwamaqabunga ama-strawberries
Isihlahla se-Strawberry yisitshalo esithisa ukufudumeza ngokushisa okuphakathiokuyinto ehlobo izwa kahle ekushiseni kwemoya ka-25-30 ° C, futhi ebusika ayikubekezeli izinga lokushisa ngezansi -12 ° C. Ukuqhwaza isikhathi esifushane kuya ku- -15 ° C kuvunyelwe. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, amahlumela amancane ashaqeka ezitshalweni, ama-inflorescences namaqabunga ezihlahla ezindala ziyafa.
Njengoba kunikezwe lezi zici zomuthi sitrobheli, ukuhlanzwa kwangaphandle kunconywa ngezifunda ze-frost resistance 8-10. I-Kiev, i-Minsk, amazwe aseBaltic, enyakatho-mpumalanga yePoland, eMoscow, eSt. Petersburg - lena yindawo ye-5 ye-frost resistance. Ngakho-ke, kule ndlela Umuthi we-sitrobheli unconywa ukuba ukhule emasimini asebusika, izithombo zokugcina izithombo, emasimini avulekile nasekhaya emasikweni asebhodini. Kungenzeka nokuthi izitshalo zitshalo zingena endlini, futhi ehlobo zifakwa emgwaqweni.
Uyazi? I-Strawberry enkulu-fruited kwaba enye yezinhlobo ezichazwe ngo-1753 nguKarl Linnaeus emsebenzini wakhe othi "Species plantarum" ("Izinhlobo zezitshalo").
Izincomo zokukhetha sitrobheli izihlahla izitshalo
Ngokuvamile kakhulu lapho imbewu idayiswa, kunzima ukuthola ama-saplings. Kodwa uma usaphumelela, thola isithombo ebhodweni, ngesistimu yezimpande ezivaliwe. Kungenzeka kakade abe nezithelo.
Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala: inhlabathi nokukhanyisa
Ngokuba sitrobheli kufanelekile noma iyiphi inhlabathi. Kuzokhula ngokulinganayo kahle emhlabathini ogcwele futhi ovuthiwe, omile futhi onobumba, onobuhle futhi obunzima, kodwa kungcono ukukhetha inhlabathi e-acidic. Lesi sitshalo simelana nesomiso, sithanda izindawo ezikhanyisiwe.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-sitrobheli
Izitshalo ziyiswa endaweni engapheli lapho kuvela amaqabunga angama-6-8 aphelele, atshalwe kude kumamitha amathathu.
I-strawberry root system is fragile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukutshala ngokucophelela amahlumela ukuze kungalimazi umbhede womhlaba.
Kumele badale izimo ezifana nemvelo, isibonelo, kumathamaki ngezinaliti namatshe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina umswakama kanye ne-acidity oyifunayo yomhlabathi.
Uyazi? "Garden nge sitrobhelihlahla "- elinye igama for the triptych" Garden of izinjabulo zasemhlabeni "by the original Dutch artist Hieronymus Bosch.
Amathiphu wokunakekelwa komuthi we-strawberry
Ikamelo, eliqukethe ama-strawberries (ingadi yasebusika, ukushisa okushisa noma indlu), kumele kube njalo umoya.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela ama-strawberries kwenziwa ngamanzi athambile, ahleliwe., kufanele kube njalo, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi ekhulayo kanye ne-fruiting. Ukuphuza ngokweqile kungabangela ukubola kwezimpande namabala amnyama emaqabunga.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ekusentwasahlobo noma ehlobo, umuthi we-sitrobheli ukondliwa ngamanyolo e-organic and amaminerali.Ekwindla nasebusika, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma isitshalo sisegumbini elifudumele, futhi ungenzi ukugqoka okuphezulu ekushiseni okungaphansi kwama-degrees angu-12. Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, ama-strawberries adliwa kabili ngenyanga nge umquba noma umanyolo ohloswe ngenhla. Izitshalo ezindala, i-potashi noma i-nitrogen fertilizer ewufanele kakhulu, esetshenziswa emhlabathini njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-3-4. Ekupheleni kwebusika, umquba ungafakwa enhlabathini.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-strawberry igxuma amaqabunga, akusiwo umswakama okwanele. Hlela amanzi isitshalo bese uqapha umswakama emoyeni. Kungenzeka ukuthi idinga ukuchithwa.
Crown ukunciphisa
Njengoba ama-strawberries ekhula kancane kancane, ukusika izihlahla kwenziwa lapho kudingekile. Ukuze udale umqhele entwasahlobo, unqume amagatsha aphazamisa ukubonakala komuthi. Ukusika izihlahla (ukususwa kwamagatsha owomile nokulimala) kwenziwa futhi.
Ebusika
Kusukela ngoDisemba, inani lamanzi aphakanyiswa ukunciphisa. Ebusika, isitshalo sidinga ukuphumula. Ekamelweni lapho likhula khona, kuyadingeka ukugcina ukushisa kuka-11-15 ° C. Emkhakheni wezitshalo zasebusika kudingeka uhlanganise futhi uvikele emoyeni.
Uyazi? Ngokuba amandla amangalisayo ama-strawberries ukuphonsa imfucumfucu yabantu ayebizwa ngokuthi "owesifazane wesifazane" noma "ongenamahloni."
Izifo ezikhona nezinambuzane ze-sitrobheli
Isici sesifo sikatrobheli - kuyimpande yokubola, ukulimala kwekwephuzile, ukugqwala, i-anthracnose, okungagwenywa uma isitshalo sinikezwe izimo ezifanele. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka, kusetshenziswe amalungiselelo afanele.
Isihlahla se-strawberry singase sihlaselwe isicabucabu. Le nkathazo ayibekezelelisi umswakama ophezulu - ukuphalaza nokuchelela okunengi.
Ukulwisana nalo, isisombululo sesepha sipholwa phezu kwezitshalo, bese kuthiwa amaqabunga ahlanjululwe.
Kubalulekile! Ezindaweni ezifakiwe, ama-strawberries angeke athele izithelo ngenxa yokungabi khona kwempova. Ungazama ukudlulisa impova kusuka embali kuya embali ngebhashi.
Izinzuzo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamajikijolo omuthi we-sitrobheli
Izithelo zomuthi sitrobheli ziyadliwa kokubili futhi zicutshungulwa. Amajikijolo enza i-jam, i-jam, i-jellies, izithelo ezifakiwe.
Ngesisekelo saleso sithelo kuveza ukuphuza utshwala, njenge-brandy yasePutukezi "i-medronho".
Ukuze isitoreji sesikhathi eside, izithelo zingomiswa noma ziqhwa. Amajikijolo omisiwe esitsheni esivaliwe ekamelweni lokushisa angagcinwa iminyaka engu-1-2.
Ngaphezu kwamajikijolo, ezinye izingxenye ze-sitrobheli nazo zitholakale zinezinto ezizuzisa. Emithi yokwelapha, izidakamizwa kanye nezitshalo zezimbali zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zomphimbo nomlomo womlomo, kusuka emaqabunga - ngezifo zesimiso sokugaya ukudla, i-decoction yamagxolo noma izimpande isetshenziselwa izifo ze-dermatological, amanxeba futhi zishisa ngaphandle. Amaqabunga, izimpande nezimbali zinezifo ezithathelwanayo, izinkanyezi nezinkanyezi.
I-Strawberry iyisitshalo samaju, uju itholakala kuwo ngokufutheka.
Kubalulekile! Izithelo ezivuthiwe kuphela ezifanelekayo zokudla. Ukungapheli akugcini nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kungabangela ukudla kwesifo.
Izindlela zokuzalisa ama-strawberries
Ukuze uthole umuthi we-sitrobheli, izindlela zokukhiqiza ezifana ne-seed and vegetative (ukuhlanganiswa) ziyamukeleka.
Imbewu
Ukuze kuhlwanyelwe isihlahla se-sitrobheli kusuka kumbewu, imbewu ethengwe noma imbewu yezithelo ezivuthiwe ngokugcwele eziqoqwe ekwindla zisetshenzisiwe.
Ngalendlela yokuzalanisa, imbewu kufanele iqale inqubo yezinyanga ezimbili zokuqasha. 
Ukwenza lokhu, kudingeka bafakwe engxenyeni yesihlabathi kanye ne-peat ngokwesilinganiso se-3: 7 noma ngezinaliti ze-pine ezidibeneyo futhi zigcinwe ekushiseni okuphansi kodwa okungenambi. Ukulungele ukuhlwanyela imbewu kunegobolondo eliqhekekile. Okulandelayo, imbewu yanyiswa ngesonto emanzini afudumele. Ukuhlwanyela kwenzeka ekujuleni kwe-1.5 cm emgodini onenhlabathi ehlanjululwe kahle ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-sitrobheli noma inhlabathi yomuthi wesundu, okubekwa endaweni efudumele.
Ukushisa okukhulu kokugcinwa kwezitshalo kungama-20 ° C, badinga ukuphuziswa njengoba inhlabathi imile. Khumbula ukuthi isitshalo esinjengesihlahla se-sitrobheli sinokukhula kancane, futhi amahlumela ayo avela emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke uma kungenzeki lutho, ungakhathazeki kusengaphambili. Kunconywa amahlumela anamandla ukuba atshalwe ezimbizeni ezihlukene futhi agcinwe ezimweni ezifanayo, igumbi elihle umoya. Ungagcina umswakama usebenzisa i-mulching, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-coniferous humus.
Kubalulekile! Ihuni le-strawberry lihlala liqinile kakhulu futhi libolile kancane, eliyigugu ekukhiqizeni izinto eziyingqayizivele ngezandla: ifenisha, amabhokisi aqoshiwe.
Cuttings
Izihlahla ze-strawberry eziphansi zivuna ekupheleni kwebusika. Ukuze uthole ukuqhuma okungcono, ziphathwa ngokukhushulwa (Kornevin, Heteroauxin) futhi zatshala endaweni yokushisa. Zithatha izimpande cishe izinyanga eziyi-1.5, kuyilapho kubamba ukushisa kudingeka udondoloze umswakama ophezulu womoya nomhlabathi. Izithombo zingatshala endaweni engapheliyo, lapho zakha ukukhula okuluhlaza okweluhlaza obungaba ngu-5 cm ukuphakama kanye nezimpande ezingu-4-5. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuncoma kunconywa ukuba lukhuni emoyeni ovulekile izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Izimila ezinemibala emanzini omnyaka wamanje (kusukela ezitshalweni ezincane) ziyakwa ekuwa futhi zitshalwe ngaphansi kwesilazi.
Uma unquma ukuqala i-Southerner encane kusayithi lakho ngaphansi kwegama elithi "sitrobheli esihlahla", kuzodingeka usebenze kanzima ukutshala futhi ushiye. Kodwa uma unikeza izimo ezidingekayo ze-arbutus exotic, iyokujabulisa ngokubukeka kwayo okuhlobisa kanye nezithelo ezingavamile.
