I-Astra perennial - izihlahlana

Umgcini wegadi ngamunye uzama ukuhlobisa isiza sakhe ngombhede omncane wezimbali. Kujabulisa kakhulu lapho izimbali zibonwa kuso sonke isikhathi sasehlobo. I-perennial Astra izonikeza ubumnandi obuhle kubo bobabili abasaqala kanye nabalimi abangochwepheshe.

Ukuchazwa kwe-Asters perennial

I-Astra isitshalo esithandwa ngabalimi abaningi. Amahlumela otshani obusika obungenamikhawulo ngamahlamvu aminyene. Ukuphakama kwesiqu kusukela ku-30 ​​cm kuya ku-2 m. Amahlamvu aluhlaza ngombala ogqamile. Mancane, ama-lanceolate. I-inflorescence ubhasikidi omncane. Ngokubukeka, afana kakhulu nezinkanyezi ezincane ezikhanyayo. Beza ngemithunzi ehlukene:

• mhlophe
• oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• onsomi
• opinki;
• okusajingijolo.

I-Astra perennial

Yimuphi umndeni

I-perennial astra yaqhamuka emndenini i-Asteraceae noma i-Astrovidae. Sekukonke, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 ziyaziwa. Izihlobo eziseduzane zama-aster zisetshenziswa njengamaShayina ne-calli-stefus.

Kafushane ngomlando wokubukeka

Umlando wemvelaphi yale mbali udlula eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule. Kukhulunywa ngembali kwekucala kutholakala ezincwadini zasendulo zamaGrikhi. KwakuseGrisi lapho imbali yathola khona igama. Igama elithi "Asteros" ngesiGreki lisho "inkanyezi". I-Astra yayiwuphawu luka-Aphrodite - unkulunkulukazi wothando. Ngekhulu le-16, ama-botanists aqala ukukhula imbali, futhi usosayensi u-A. Cassini wathatha u-aster wayisa ohlotsheni oluhlukile kuphela ngekhulu le-19.

Incazelo yezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingama-Asters ezingapheli

Inani elikhulu lama-asters asengadini ayaziwa laziwa.

Bush

Lesi sihlahla esincanyana kunalokho sikhula ngo-60 cm. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwembewu ngu-Okthoba. I-Bush aster imelana neqhwa. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana, lapho kwakhiwa inkungu encane ngaphezu komhlaba kusuka amahlumela amasha, ama-aster asezineni ezingapheli angabanda ebusika.

Kuncane

I-shrub ayidluli ku-40 cm. Iziqongo ze-aster underneredal perennial zihlotshiswe ngezinkanyezi eziningi ezincane. Ngobubanzi, zivame kakhulu kufika ku-3-3,5 cm. Isikhathi sokuqhuma kwezimbali nguSeptemba. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokuphelela kokuluhlaza okotshani, ibala elikhanyayo elinjalo eliphansi libukeka lihlaba umxhwele ehlobo.

Bush aster

I-Autumn

Isikhathi sezimbali ngu-Septhemba-Okthoba. E-Russia, ama-aster asekwindla avame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-september. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni ethile ebandayo, ngisho nabanikazi abanakekela kakhulu bangase bangaboni izimbali zesitshalo. I-aster ekwindla yasendulo ingafinyelela ukuphakama okungama-30 cm noma 1 m.

Ubusika

Le yinhlobo ephikelela kakhulu yama-aster zisetshenziswa. I-inflorescences ihlala eqhweni lokuqala. Babizwa nangokuthi ama-Octobrins. Kunenkinga nama-asters asebusika, kanye nama-aster ekwindla - ngesinye isikhathi awunaso isikhathi sokuqeda ama-buds.

Spherical

Lolu hlobo lwathola igama laso ngenxa yokwakheka kwesihlahla. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kwe-aster eyindilinga kungamasentimitha angama-50. Izimbali zincanyana, kepha kukhona eziningi zazo, okudala ukukhohlisa kwebhola ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.

I-Spherical aster

I-Alpine

Lolu hlobo lwezimbali alunqandeki iqhwa. Ngemuva kokutshala, izimbali zokuqala zingabonakala ngonyaka olandelayo kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya maphakathi noJuni. Lokhu kuyizinhlobo eziningi ze-aster. Ukuphakama akudluli ku-25 cm, bese ihlumela liqhakaza likhule libe ngu-6-8 cm.

Austrian

Le nhlobo ngokuphakama ifinyelela kumamitha angama-80 kuye kwayi-1.5. Isikhathi sezimbali zobuhle base-Austrian nguSeptemba. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa. Izimbali zinjengama-daisies, ububanzi obuyi-6 cm.

IsiNtaliyane

Amabhuthi we-Italian perennial aster shape eyindilinga. Zikhula ngamasentimitha angama-60. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sale zinhlobo siphakathi nehlobo, okungukuthi ngoJulayi nango-Agasti. Isihlahla esincane siyasakazwa sinezimbali ezifana nama-daisies. Umehluko kuphela umbala onsomi onsomi. Bahlangana ezisekelweni eziqinile. Ububanzi bembali ngayinye abudluli ku-5 cm. Phakathi kwama-Italian asters kunezinhlobo eziningi. Kulokhu, ngithanda ukunaka iBessarabian ngokukhethekile. Lokhu kungummeleli omkhulu walesi zinhlobo. Ukuphakama kwaso kufinyelela ku-75-80 cm. Umbala wamaphalishi onsomi okhanyayo onsomi. Isisekelo sinsundu.

IsiNgisi

Le nhlobo ihlukaniswa ukuqhuma okuminyene nokuqhakaza okugqamile. Ama-inflorescences aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iMarsal, isalimoni, omhlophe, onsomi, onsomi, opinki. Ama-aster esiNgisi afinyelela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-2. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bayazithanda lezi zinhlobo ithuba lokuhlobisa unyawo lwezihlahla zensimu ngezimbali ezincane ezinobubanzi obungu-3 cm.

Okunye

I-aster yegolide izothokozela ngenyanga edlule ehlobo ngezimbali zayo ezikhanyayo ngendlela yama-cones. Kumahlumela amade futhi anamandla, kuhluma amahlumela ayi-10 kuye kwangama-20.

I-Bokotsvetnaya ifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Amahlumela awo akhula ngesimo somvini. Imvamisa imhlophe ngombala omncane wepinki. Ekupheleni kwenkathi yezimbali, iba nsomi okhanyayo.

I-aster yaseMelika izothokozisa umnikazi ngezimbali eziningi, ezihlala lonke ihlobo.

Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu

Ukukhanya kwenkanyezi kwe-Aster dumosus

I-Astra shrubby Starlight (inkanyezi) iyisitshalo esiphansi. Ama-inflorescence awo akhula ngobubanzi aze afike ku-4 cm wombala ogqamile opinki. I-asteronby shrubby endala endala ifana nebhola elingaba ngu-40 cm. Izimbali ziningi futhi zihlala kusuka ngoSepthemba ziye kumafrikhisi okuqala.

Aster dumosus kristina

U-Aster dumosus kristina umcamelo omise okwemhlophe ngomhlophe okhanyayo nomgogodla ophuzi. Imbali endala ikhula ngo-30-40 cm.Iqhakaza ngo-Agasti-Septhemba.

Okunye

I-Belgian entsha: iBitchwood Rywell (magenta), Dick Bayllard (pink), Saturn (isibhakabhaka okwesibhakabhaka), Amethyst (onsomi), Oktoberfest (terry blue aster).

IsiNgisi: uLillit Fardel (pink aster), uDkt Eckerner (obomvu-violet), uBrown (lilac), uRote Stern (burgundy).

I-Alpine asters: IDunkle Sean, i-Alba, iRuper, iGloria. Izinhlobo zama-dwarf zihlobisa ngokuvumelanayo izindawo zemingcele nemibhede emincane yezimbali.

Ngabe i-Asters yaphakade izala kanjani

Lezi zimbali azivamile ukusakazwa ngembewu.

Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush

Ukusakazwa kwale ndlela, kunconywa ukulinda isikhathi lapho imbali ikhula ngo-3-5 cm kusuka emhlabathini. Ngokulandelayo, isihlahla sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezincane ezine-2-3 efihlekile futhi sitshaliwe. Ngonyaka olandelayo, i-Delenki yakha isitshalo esigcwele izitshalo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa kangcono njalo ngeminyaka engama-3-4. Lokhu kufaka isandla ekwenziweni kabusha kwesistimu yezimpande, futhi kuvimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta.

Ukwehlukaniswa nge-Bush

Izimbumbulu

Ukusakazwa ngale ndlela, ungasebenzisa okubili okuphezulu nesiqu sonke. Ukuze kube nokubola, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe izindawo ezinenhlabathi evulekile endaweni enomthunzi. Izimbambo zigxile emhlabathini futhi zimbozwe ngefilimu. Akunamikhawulo yesikhathi eqinile. Inqubo ingenziwa kulo lonke ihlobo.

Izimbumbulu

Izici zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya

I-Astra isitshalo semigwaqo. Kodwa-ke, izithombo zayo zingatholakala emizini yabalimi abanolwazi. Ukuze ukhule isitshalo esinamandla futhi esinempilo, kufanele uhambisane nezincomo eziphambili.

Ukushisa

Ukukhula okusebenzayo nokuthuthukiswa kwezithombo, kunconywa ukuthi kulondolozwe amazinga okushisa angama-15-16 degrees. Njengoba amahlumela okuqala kuvela amaqabunga ama-3-4, izinga lokushisa lingancishiselwa libe ngama-12-15 degrees.

Isibani

U-Astra uthanda ukugcwala emisebeni yelanga efudumele. Izithombo zinconywa ukuba zibekwe efasiteleni eliseceleni kwelanga. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kunconywa ukuthi ufake izibani eduzane. Abalimi abaningi babeka iziqukathi ezinezithombo ku-greenhouse isikhashana. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi basebenzise isikhathi esithe xaxa elangeni, futhi kuyasiza njengokuqina kwamahlumela.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela kufanele kube kuningi, kepha akuvamile. Ngemuva kokuthambisa kwenhlabathi ngayinye, kunconywa ukuyithukulula ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuzovimbela ukuthambisa kwenhlabathi kwenhlabathi. Ungavumeli ukweqile kwenhlabathi.

Ukufafaza

Ukufafaza kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokukhula kwezimbali ezinempilo. Isonto lokuqala ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, inhlabathi iyanyiswa ngesifutho kanye ngosuku. Isonto lesibili - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezimbili. Esontweni lesithathu, ungaqala ngokunisela kaningi izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto, unciphise ukubuyabuyelela, kepha ukwandisa umthamo wamanzi.

Umswakama

Umswakama onconyelwayo egumbini lapho kukhula khona ama-aster akufanele awele ngaphansi kwama-65%. Inani eliphakeme lingama-80%.

Inhlabathi

I-Astra - imbali ekhetha inhlabathi entsha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inhlabathi endala ingaqukatha imithombo yezifo ezahlukahlukene nezinambuzane. Ukuxutshwa okuhle kwembali: isihlabathi, isicubu, ipulangwe ebunjiwe. Izakhi zihlanganiswa ngesilinganiso se-1: 3: 1. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha zonke izigaxa ezinkulu emhlabathini.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukuze ukhule izimbali eziqinile emhlabathini ovaliwe, udinga ukucabanga ngomanyolo. Ukondliwa kokuqala kunconyelwa emavikini amabili ngemuva kokutshala imbewu. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho uhlelo lwempande lukhula ngenkuthalo. Ngokokuqala ngqa, kunconyelwa ukuthi uxube umanyolo we-potassium ne-phosphate, kuyilapho isilinganiso kufanele sibe izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kunesichaziwe emiyalweni. Kuyadingeka ukufaka ukugqoka okuphezulu ngqo enhlabathini. Uma kuqala amaqabunga amancanyana, kunokushiswa kungenzeka.

Iqhuma nini futhi kanjani

Namuhla, ama-botanists azi inani elikhulu lezinhlobo, izinhlobonhlobo kanye nzalo yalesi simbali esihle kakhulu.

Izinhlobo zezimbali

Umndeni wama-asters uhlanganisa inani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezimbali. Ukukhetha isitshalo esifanele ukufakelwa okuthile noma umbhede wezimbali ngeke kube yinkinga. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziphambili futhi ezaziwa kakhulu:

• feather feather;
• izindunduma;
• isixha;
• IVictoria

Imilo yezimbali

Ama-Asters ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningana ngokwesimo sawo.

Ngosayizi:

• amancane - afinyelela ku-3.5-4 cm;
• phakathi - kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-8 cm;
• enkulu - kusuka ku-8 cm.

Amafomu we-inflorescence

Ngendlela inflorescences:

• isicaba;
• uyindilinga oyindilinga;
• hemispherical;
• spherical;
• Half-kabili;
• terry.

Isikhathi sezimbali

Ama-asters ajwayelekile ahlukaniswe ngezikhathi ezi-3 zezimbali. Esokuqala yintwasahlobo. Iqhakaza kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni. Okulandelayo kuza ihlobo. Ziqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti. Mhlawumbe leli yiqembu elide kunazo zonke lezimbali. I-Autumn ejabulisa kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti kuze kube yiqhwa lokuqala.

Izinguquko ekunakekeleni kwezimbali

Ngesikhathi se-nucleation ye-bud, i-aster idliwa okwesibili. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungiselela i-50 gr. ingxube ye-phosphate ne-potassium kuyo yonke i-1 m2 yesakhiwo. Ngaphambi kokuqala kokuqhakaza, ama-asters adliwa okwesithathu. Ukwenziwa komsoco kuhlala kufana. Lapho izimbali seziqhakazile, kunconywa ukunciphisa kancane ukuthambisa. Ama-Asters azwela kakhulu umswakama okweqile, kepha ungawunqwabeli inhlabathi kakhulu. Imvamisa yokunisela iyanconywa ukuba ithuthukiswe ngokuzimela, kususelwa esikhathini sokumiswa ngokuphelele kwenhlabathi eduze kohlelo lwezimpande.

Ukufakelwa ngemuva kokuthenga nangesikhathi sokuzala

Ukudlulisa izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile kunconywa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Kunconywa ukukhulula inhlabathi ngemuva kokunisela ngakunye noma imvula. Lokhu kusiza ukwehlisa uhlelo lwezimpande futhi kuvikele ukubola.

Uma isikhathi sokutshala izithombo siphuthelwa, ungabheka indlela yokusika, engenziwa ehlobo lonke.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona ekukhuleni

Umgcini wegadi olalela ngokushesha ubona ushintsho lwangaphandle lwentyatyambo ayithandayo.

Izinkinga ze-Leaf

Uma amaqabunga eqala ukujika aphuzi, ajike abe nsundu, aqhekeke futhi omile, lokhu kusho ukunakekelwa okungafanele noma ukukhula kwesifo.

Okokuqala, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi imbali ayomile kakhulu. Ungazama ukuguqula umbuso womswakama wenhlabathi. Uma imicu emide emide ifakwa kulezi zinto, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fusarium. Lesi sifo siqhamuka uma inhlabathi inyuke kakhulu, futhi ukuqina kwamanzi kubhekwe ohlelweni lwezimpande. Ukusindisa isitshalo kulokhu kungenzeka.

Ukuvela kwezindawo ezinamabala amaningi kubuye kubonise ukuthuthukiswa kokulimala sekwephuzile. Ukunqoba lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukusika zonke izindawo ezithintekile ufafaze namalahle ocushiwe

Izinambuzane

Ama-aphid, ama-thrips kanye nama-cicadas yizona izilokazane eziphambili ze-asters. Amunca ujusi esiqandeni futhi angabathwali bezifo. Ukuvimbela ukubukeka nokukhiqizwa kwezinambuzane kabusha, kuyadingeka ukuphatha izimbali ngesisombululo se-Fitoverm noma ezinye izinambuzane.

Umuntu othola izindlebe uyakwazi ukugedla hhayi kuphela amaqabunga imbali, kodwa neziqu nezimbali zazo. Ukuxosha izinambuzane, udinga ukususa ukhula njalo ukhulule inhlabathi.

Isifo

Isifo sikaMose sizibonakalisa ngesimo semithambo ephuzi emaphepheni. Ngemuva kwalokhu, i-chlorosis iyakhula, futhi isitshalo siyiyeka ukukhula. Ukunqoba lesi sifo, kunconywa ukwelapha isihlahla nge-Actelik noma nePeritrum.

Ukugqwala kwe-asters isikhunta sendawo yaso yemvelo izinaliti zikaphayini. Lesi sifo sibonisa ngokubonakala kokuvuvukala engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga. Zigcwele izinhlamvu ezigqwala. Ukwelashwa usebenzisa isisombululo esingu-1% soketshezi lweBordeaux. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala sekwephuzile, khona-ke isihlahla sicishe singakwazi ukusindisa.

Izimpawu zokunakekelwa okungafanele

I-Astra, yize isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, isitshela umnikazi wayo ngokushesha ngokunakekelwa okungafanele. Okokuqala, amaqabunga esitshalo asayina lokhu. Bangakwazi ukufiphala noma bashintshe umbala wabo. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ngesikhathi, khona-ke ukunakekelwa okungafanele kuzothinta ukuqhakaza. I-inflorescence izoba yindawo ephaphathekile futhi ibe nsundu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo sizoba nezimbali ezimbalwa.

I-Astra

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene ze-asters. Ngaphambi kokuthenga izinhlobo ezithile, kunconywa ukuthi uzijwayeze ngokuchaza kwembali ngemininingwane engaphezulu. Imigomo nemithetho ejwayelekile kwesinye isikhathi ingahle ingalungeli ekuhlanzeni komuntu ngamunye. Uma umbhede wezimbali uvuselelwa njalo, ke kunconywa ukuthi unake izinhlobo zonyaka.